scholarly journals Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from clinical isolates at a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Bengal: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Tapashi Ghosh ◽  
Sabyasachi Saha ◽  
Ananya Mandal ◽  
Nikhil Tudu ◽  
Jayanta Bikash De
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Wound Swab ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Background: Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from clinical isolates can reveal important information that can help in drafting the hospital antibiotic policy as well as help improve prescribing patterns and patient outcome in a particular region.Methods: Data from the results of the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of clinical isolates of the patients between 1stJuly and 31st December 2018 were collected on a pre-designed and pre tested case study form and analysed with the help of descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 75 blood culture reports were obtained which showed 58 gram positive cultures. Further 46 of the gram positive samples were positive for Coagulase negative Staphylococcus. A total of 305 urine samples were obtained for culture which showed gram negative cultures. Paediatric and medicine wards were the common yielding sites. A total of 242 pus reports were obtained which showed 47 gram positive cultures. A total of 154 wound swab samples were obtained which showed 47 gram positive cultures. For pus and wound swab samples, surgery wards were the common yielding sites. Common gram negative organisms seen were Klebsiella sp., E. coli, Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas, Proteus and Enterobacter. Gram positive organisms were commonly resistant to Erythromycin, orally active Penicillins, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin and gram negative organisms were commonly resistant to Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, Colistin, Fluroquinolones and Meropenem.Conclusions: This study showed that over six months samples of body pus, wound swab, blood culture and urine showed high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This would provide an outline for development of an effective hospital Infection Control Policy.

scholarly journals Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in neonatal sepsis: a study from North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Dalal ◽  
Geeta Gathwala ◽  
Mohit Gupta ◽  
Jasbir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and continues to be a formidable problem for neonatologists and pediatricians world over.  Knowledge of microbial flora and their susceptibility will help us to decide empirical treatment for the neonatal sepsis. The objective of this study was to determine the bacteriological flora prevalent in NICU and the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern.Methods: The blood culture reports of all the neonates with culture proven neonatal sepsis during the period July 2010 to September 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. A retrospective review in tertiary care teaching medical college. The data was entered in Excel sheets and percentages of various outcomes were calculated.Results: A total of 28,927 babies were born during the study period and 336 among them had positive blood culture. The incidence of neonatal sepsis was 11.62 per 1,000 live births. Three hundred fifty- six microbes were isolated, out of which 50% presented as early onset sepsis and remaining as late onset sepsis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common organism encountered in both early (43.82%) and late onset sepsis (51.35%). Gram negative bacilli were sensitive to carbapenems (92%) followed by piperacillin-tazobactam (90%) whereas linezolid (90%) was most sensitive antimicrobial for gram positive cocci.Conclusions: Pseudomonas was most commonly isolated in both early and late onset sepsis.  Gram negative bacilli were most sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam and the carbapenems whereas linezolid and vancomycin were most effective against the gram-positive cocci. Resistance to third generation cephalosporins was rampant. Continuous surveillance for microbial flora, their antibiotic susceptibility, rational use of antibiotics and the strategy of antibiotic cycling may be of help to curtail emerging antimicrobial resistance.

Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Neonatal Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Farhana Jaya Chowdhury ◽  
A.H.M Khairul Bashar ◽  
Md Shahabuddin ◽  
Murshida Afruz ◽  
Fahim Ara Jenny
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Neonatal Ward

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis (NS) is one of the important causesof neonatal morbidity anddeath in neonatal ward and neonatal medical care unit,especiallyin emergent nations. Frequent monitoring on pathogens with recent updates and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern is compulsory for more satisfactory management. Methods: This cross sectionalstudy was outlined to evaluate the bacteriological profile and antimicrobialsensitivity pattern of NS in neonatal ward and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)of Sylhet Women’s Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladeshfrom October 2019 to December 2020. Blood samples from 90 clinically suspected neonatal sepsis cases were accumulated and processed in the microbiological protocol and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern were determined. Results: Among the90 cases, two third (61, 67.78%) showed positive blood culture. Among the positive blood culture, 38(62.29%) were gram positive isolates and gram negative isolates were 23(37.7%). This study showed Staphylococcus aureuswas the most common organism (59.01%) followed by Escherichia coli (E. Coli)(27.87%), Klebsiella pneumonia (9.87%) and Streptococcus pneumonia (3.28%) among the isolates. Gram positive isolates were highly reactive to Amikacin and Amoxicillin and Clavulenic acid whereas gram negative isolates were highly reactive to Gentamicin and Meropenem. Conclusion: Gram positive organism are the predominant source of NS which was highlighted in our study,though gram negative organism also plays an important role in the mortality cause by neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals Clinico-bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi P. ◽  
Praveen B. K.
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Neonatal sepsis is the commonest cause of neonatal mortality responsible for about 30-50% of total neonatal deaths in developing countries. Surveillance of causative organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern promotes rational use of antibiotics and antibiotic stewardship.Methods: A retrospective study, relevant data regarding the neonates diagnosed with culture positive sepsis was obtained from the case records during the period from July 2014 to June 2017. Culture positive sepsis was defined as isolation of bacterial pathogen from blood in neonates with clinical suspicion of sepsis.Results: Of the 414 neonates with clinical suspicion of sepsis, 110 neonates had blood culture positive sepsis. Sepsis was predominant in males (64.5%). Low birth weight (47.2%) and prematurity (40.9 %) were important neonatal risk factors for sepsis. Early onset sepsis occurred in 58.1% of the cases and late onset sepsis in 41.9% of the neonates. Gram-positive cocci constituted 67.52% of all isolates and gram negative 30.76%. The most frequently isolated organism in blood was methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus(MRCONS) (32.47%). Gram positive organisms included MRCONS, methicillin resistant Staphylococci aureus (MRSA), group B Streptococci (GBS), Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci. Among Gram-negative organisms, Acinetobacter was most frequently isolated followed by Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Citrobacter and Burkholderia species. The mortality in the study group was 13.5%. Gram negative organisms were most resistant to ampicillin and cephalosporins. Gram positive isolates were least resistant to vancomycin and linezolid.Conclusions: Gram positive sepsis was the most common type of sepsis among the neonates, although mortality was more in gram negative sepsis.

scholarly journals Study on Bacteriological Profile and Sensitivity Pattern of the Organisms in Neonatal Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Subir Dey ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
Sanjoy Kumar Dey ◽  
Yasmin Sabina ◽  
Ferdous Navila
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Sepsis in neonates by resistant strains remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. This study attempted to find out the organisms responsible for early onset sepsis (EOS) and late onset sepsis (LOS) and determine their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Materials & Methods: This prospective observational single centre study was conducted on 1000 neonates during January to September 2018, that were investigated for rule out sepsis, at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ad-din Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Results: Fifty-four neonates were found with culture proven sepsis.Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CONS) (68.42%)was the commonest and followed by Acinetobacter (18.42%) were found on culture isolates in EOS. In LOS, CONS (75%) is the most predominant organism. Among the gram negative Acinetobacter (50%) was the most prevalent bacteria followed by E.coli (28.57%). None of the gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amikacin. Majority of the gram positive showed susceptibilities to Vancomycin (83%) and Linezolid (78%). Among gram negative isolates 93% were sensitive to Colistin, 63% to Gentamicin & 54% to Levofloxacin. Conclusion: Present study indicated that gram positive species especially CONS continue to be the predominant causative organism in both EOS and LOS and followed by Acinetobacter and E. coli in gram negative species. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :133-138

scholarly journals KEPEKAAN ANTIMIKROBA KULTUR DARAH DI SEPSIS NEONATAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Tajuddin Noor ◽  
Nurhayana Sennang ◽  
Benny Rusli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Mortality Causes

Sepsis was one of the morbidity and mortality causes in neonatal. The diagnosis and treatment requires the bacterial identification and selection of sensitive antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to know the bacterial pattern and antimicrobial sensitivity of blood culture in the suspected neonatal sepsis patients who were treated at NICU in Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. A retrospective study was conducted with secondary data from the culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test between the period of June 2010−July 2011. In this present study was found that from the total 91 blood culture isolates, bacteria Gram-negative group was 85.7% and Grampositive was 14.3% and the isolate encountered in order of frequency were Alkali genes faecalis 50.5%, Klebsiella pneumonia 25.3%, and Staphylococcus epidermidis 9.9%. In the Gram-negatives group, the isolate often encountered were Alkali genes faecalis 59.0%, Klebsiella pneumonia 29.4% and Enterobacter spp 6.4% while in the Gram-positive group were found Staphylococcus epidermidis 69.2% and Staphylococcus saprophytic 23.1%. The more sensitive antimicrobal that belong to Gram-negative group were Meropenem 94.4%, Levofloxacin 92.1%, and Ceftazidime 77.0% while the more resistant were Ampicillin 94.6%, Gentamycin 89.1% and Cefuroxime 82.7%. The more sensitive antimicrobal that belong to Gram-positive group were Vancomycin and Chloramphenicol 91.7% and Novobiosin 76.9% while the more resistant were Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 100.0% and Amoxicillin 91.7%. Based on this study it can be concluded that Gram-negative aerobe bacteria was more common than the Gram-positive one. Meropenem, Levofloxacin and Ceftazidime antimicrobal were high sensitive to Gram-negative while Vancomycin, Chloramphenicol, and Novobiocin were high sensitive to Gram-positive. The resistance of Ampicillin and Gentamycin were found in both bacterially groups of sepsis suspected neonatal patients in NICU

scholarly journals Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern of Post-Operative Wound Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulochana Khatiwada ◽  
Susma Acharya ◽  
Rajesh Poudel ◽  
Shristi Raut ◽  
Rita Khanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

Abstract Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) is one of the most common postoperative complications and cause significant postoperative morbidity, mortality, prolong hospital stay and increase in hospital cost. The condition is serious in developing countries like Nepal owing to irrational prescriptions of antimicrobial agent. SSIs in those countries rates from 2.5% to 41.9%. This study was performed to find the common organisms causing surgical site infections and their antibiotics sensitivity pattern in a tertiary care hospital, western Nepal.Materials and methods: Pus or swab samples collected from suspected post- operative wound infections and submitted for culture and sensitivity in the Department of Microbiology were included in this study. Isolation and identification of the organisms was done as recommended by American society of microbiology (ASM). Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline.Results: Out of 152 pus and swab samples processed for culture, (64.5%) showed culture positivity. In total isolates (65.7%) were Gram negative bacteria and (34.3%) Gram positive bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (23.9%) was the predominant Gram positive isolate and Escherichia coli (18%) was the major Gram negative isolate. S. aureus showed (100%) sensitivity towards Linezolid and (94.4%) towards Vancomycin. Among commonly used antibiotics for Gram positive bacteria Penicillin (94.4%), Erythromycin (80.5%) were highly resistant. Sixty percent of Staphylococcus aureus isolated showed methicillin resistant (MRSA). Gram negative bacteria showed (100%) sensitivity towards the Colistin sulphate and Polymyxin B and were highly resistant towards Ampicillin (98.2%), Cefexime (87.3%), Ceftriaxone (87.3%) and other commonly used antibiotics. Overall multi-drug resistance was found in (89.5%) isolates. Among Gram negative bacterial isolates (23.1%) were MBL producer and (21.7%) were ESBL producer.Conclusion: Culture positivity in suspected case of SSIs was high (65.1%). Staphylococcus aureus was the common causative agent of SSIs. Bacteria showed more than 50% resistance towards commonly used antibiotics. So for the selection of appropriate antibiotic for better treatment of patients, culture and sensitivity should be done in every suspected case of SSIs.

Microbiological Pattern, Antimicrobial Resistance and Prevalence of MDR/XDR Organisms in Patients With Diabetic Foot Infection in an Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110380
Author(s):  
Idris Dawaiwala ◽  
Snehal Awaghade ◽  
Pranjali Kolhatkar ◽  
Sunita Pawar ◽  
Supriya Barsode
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Benzyl Penicillin ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Foot infections are the most prevalent problem in persons with diabetes. The burden of multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms in diabetic foot infections (DFIs) is rising day by day. Given that, the present study aims to determine the variety of microorganisms isolated from the diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. This prospective observational study was conducted for 1 year at Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India. Clinically infected patients with DFU admitted to the surgery ward were included in this study. The specimen for microbiological studies is obtained from the wound swabs, soft tissue, and bone tissue as a part of routine clinical care. All demographic, clinical data, microbial culture results were collected, and evaluated for each case. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to different agents was carried out using the VITEK-2® machine. A total of 110 microorganisms were isolated from 76 specimens, with an average of 1.4 organisms per lesion. Staphylococcus aureus (n = 27, 24.5%) and Escherichia coli (n = 17, 15.4%) were the most prevalent Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms isolated, respectively. MDR organisms constituted up to 52 (47.2%), while 6 (5.4%) of the samples were extensively drug resistant (XDR). Methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) accounted for up to 19 (70.3%) of the S aureus isolates, likewise extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing microorganisms constituted 16 (14.5%) of total isolates in this study. Oxacillin and benzyl penicillin exhibited least susceptibility against Gram-positive bacteria, among Gram-negative organisms; cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin were least sensitive. As most of the S aureus isolate in our study was MRSA, empirical antimicrobial therapy may include coverage for MRSA in a patient with risk factors associated with this pathogen. A crucial observation is the presence of XDR strains of Proteus mirabilis in DFIs, which is resistant to almost all the antimicrobials, tested. Appropriate antimicrobial selection may reduce the morbidity and the emergence of MDR organisms in DFIs.

scholarly journals Causative organisms in microbial keratitis, their sensitivity pattern and treatment outcome in western Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Dhakwa ◽  
MK Sharma ◽  
S Bajimaya ◽  
AK Dwivedi ◽  
S KC Rai
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microbial Keratitis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Pattern Sensitivity ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: Corneal infection is one of the major causes of monocular blindness in developing countries. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics, predisposing factors, microbiological pattern, sensitivity pattern and treatment outcome of microbial keratitis. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of hospital records of 414 patients with diagnosed infective keratitis was done. The outcome measures were microbial isolates, their sensitivity to therapeutic agents and treatment outcome. Results: Of the total, 312 (75.4 %) patients were farmers by profession, 138 (33.3 %) had a history of ocular trauma and 17(4.1 %) were using topical corticosteroids. Among the 138 cases of the corneal ulcer with trauma, 52 (37.68 %) had fungi isolated in culture (RR=0.54, 95% CI = 0.44 – 0.68) and 32 (23.19 %) had a bacterial growth. Cultures were positive in 300 (72.5 %) cases, having 138 (33.3 %) patients with pure fungal infection, 121 (29.2 %) with pure bacterial and 41 (9.9 %) with mixed infection. Fusarium spp was the most common fungal pathogen while Staphylococcus epidermidis was the commonest bacterial isolate. The most sensitive antibiotics for the Gram positive bacteria was cephazolin (84.92 %), while for Gram negative, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were the most effective (79.31 %). Of 414 cases of corneal ulcers, 363 (87.7 %) cases healed completely. Conclusion: Microbial keratitis is mostly seen in farmers in this part of the world. Fusarium and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most common isolates. Cephazoline and ofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics for Gram positive and Gram negative organisms respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v4i1.5863 NEPJOPH 2012; 4(1): 119-127

scholarly journals Neonatal Sepsis in A Tertiary Care Hospital: Evaluation of Causative Agents and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Begum Sharifun Nahar ◽  
Syeda Afroza ◽  
Sunirmol Roy ◽  
Nurun Nahar ◽  
Tarok Nath Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Background: Neonatal sepsis is an important issue with a high morbidity and mortality rate in spite of new advances in antibiotic therapy. Identifying the causative agents and their antibiotic sensitivity in a neonatal care unit (NCU) helps the physician to choose the most appropriate antibiotic therapy. Objectives: This study was aimed to find out the etiological agent and antibiotic susceptibilities in newborn with culture positive sepsis. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study carried out in the neonatal care unit (NCU) of Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital (SSMC) from June 2010 to May 2011. Seventy five neonates both preterm and term with culture proven sepsis were analyzed from admitted sick newborn to find out their etiology and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Blood culture was done in the department of Microbiology of the same medical college hospital. Results: In this study, out of 75 cases, early onset sepsis was observed in 55(73.33%) cases. Whereas late onset sepsis was in 20(26.66%) cases. Gram negative organisms were isolated in 59 (78%) of 75 cases. Pseudomonas aeroginosa 27 (46.55%), E Coli 15(25.86%) and Serratia 8 (13.79%) were the common microbes. Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS) was 10 (62%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus 6 (38%) were the major Gram positive isolates. Gram negative isolates were sensitive to Imipenem, Ceftazidime and Ciprofloxacin whereas 80 % gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amikacin. Conclusion : It was observed from this study that gram negative organisms like pseudomonas aeroginosa and E.coli were the common organisms for neonatal sepsis in hospitalized neonates and imipenem was the most sensitive drug against gram - ve septicaemia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v37i1.15346 BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2013; VOL 37 (1) : 14-17

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