scholarly journals Adverse drug reactions to first line anti-tuberculosis drugs in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Elakkya Kolanchinathan ◽  
Dhanya Thirookaran Harichandran ◽  
Sujatha Mangattuvalappil Balakrishnan ◽  
Sanal Kumar Kondarappassery Balakumaran
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
First Line ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be an important public health problem throughout much of the world. Drug treatment is the only effective treatment method, but adverse drug events (ADEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can affect medical adherence. As the number of drug resistant TB patients and the number of anti-TB drugs have increased, it is necessary to explore the risk factors for ADEs/ADRs to reduce their occurrence. Here we reported three different cases of ADRs due to first line anti-tubercular drugs.

Tenofovir Based First Line Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Case of HIV Infection: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkapal Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Sarika Palepu ◽  
Bhavna Saini ◽  
Rakesh Chandra Chaurasia ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy

Abstract Introduction: India has a huge burden of HIV/AIDS infection. Tenofovir based first line therapy is the preferred treatment for newly diagnosed cases with HIV infection. Methodology: The present prospective study was done among newly diagnosed cases of HIV infection. The patients were followed up for a period of 6 months from the day of enrolment. Sociodemographic parameters, CD4 counts and adverse drug reactions were analysed at baseline and after 6 months. Bi-variate and multi-variate logistic regression was performed with the outcome variable as occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Result: In this study, 67 patients were enrolled with mean age 32.75 (± 14.39) years. Mean CD4 count at start of treatment was 241.5/mm3. Mean difference in CD4 count was 383.05/mm3 (SD = 274.9). Dizziness, tingling, numbness of extremities and muscle cramps were most common adverse effects. On multi-variate logistic regression, occurrence of ADRs was seen to be significantly higher only in illiterate patients. Conclusion: The present study highlights the importance of long-term follow-up of the patients on antiretroviral therapy. Adequate monitoring of the treatment parameters is of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Home-based Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment Adverse Reactions (HATTAR) study: a protocol for a prospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e027321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Yang ◽  
Hongqiu Pan ◽  
Lihuan Lu ◽  
Xiaomin He ◽  
Hongbo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Home Based

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) continues to be an important public health problem throughout much of the world. Drug treatment is the only effective treatment method, but adverse drug events (ADEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can affect medication adherence. As the number of drug-resistant TB patients and the number of anti-TB drugs have increased, it is necessary to explore the risk factors for ADEs/ADRs to reduce their occurrence. This study aims to build a home-based anti-TB treatment cohort and to recognise the incidences, prognosis and risk factors of anti-TB drug-induced ADEs/ADRs in real-world experiences.Methods and analysisThis study is a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. The study population will consist of 3200 newly diagnosed TB patients between January 2019 and December 2020. After initiating the anti-TB treatment, all patients will be followed up until finishing treatment unless they withdraw, and we will record personal drug use and signs and/or symptoms of discomfort. Patients will receive scheduled laboratory tests in designated hospitals every 2 weeks during the first 2 months, and the residual blood sample after conducting the laboratory tests will be preserved. The ADEs/ADRs will be placed into eight categories: liver dysfunction, gastrointestinal reactions, drug allergy, arthralgia or muscle pain, nervous system disorders, haematological system disorders, renal impairment and others.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol has been approved by the ethics committees of Nanjing Medical University. All patients will give written informed consent before enrollment. The findings of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at national and international conferences.

scholarly journals Prevalence of primary drug resistant tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
R Khunjeli ◽  
U R Mohsin ◽  
S K Shrestha ◽  
S Adhikari ◽  
B Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
First Line ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Primary Drug

 Background & objectives: Tuberculosis is a transmissible disease mainly due to inhalation of infected droplet nuclei. The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis is very high in our neighboring countries India and China. Prevalence of primary drug resistant disease is difficult to estimate in our country because culture and sensitivity is not done routinely. This study was an attempt to find out the prevalence of drug resistant in newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients serving in the Nepalese Armed Forces. Methodology: Medical records of patients serving in the Nepalese Armed Forces who had the provisional diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis for the first time from July 2012 to June 2014 were analyzed. They had their sputum subjected for both smear and culture with sensitivity testing. Out of 134 patients, 62 had culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug sensitivity was done for the first line 4 antitubercular drugs. Results: Drug resistant strains were found in 5 cases (8.1%) of which 2 (3.2%) were resistant to 4 first line drugs - rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin. Prevalence of isoniazid resistance was the highest, found in 3 cases (4.8%). Conclusion: Primary drug resistant tuberculosis in newly diagnosed cases was high even in young healthy adults, and isoniazid resistant strains were the commonest.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i4.11970

scholarly journals A STUDY ON LIVER FUNCTION TEST PROFILE OF 2ND LINE DRUGS IN MULTI DRUG RESISTANT (MDR) AND EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANT (XDR) TUBERCULOSIS CASES REGISTERED UNDER DR-TB CENTRE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rupam Kumar Ta ◽  
Pronoy Sen
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

BACKGROUND: The emergence of drug resistant mycobacterium has become a signicant public health problem creating an obstacle to effective Tuberculosis (TB) control. Freedom from TB is possible with timely, regular, complete treatment, with assurance, prevention and management of side effects of antitubercular drugs. Present study was conducted to evaluate common and rare adverse drug reactions (ADR) of CAT IV and CAT V to analyse demographic, radiological and bacteriological prole and treatment outcome in MDR &XDR patients. Aims and Objectives- To evaluate the common and rare adverse drug reactions of intensive phase treatment of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR) as per WHO-UMC Causality Assessment Scale. METHODS: 76 patients of MDR and XDR Tuberculosis were admitted in DR-TB (Drug Resistant TB) centre, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital and the adverse drug reaction prole of 2nd line drugs were analysed during the intensive phase for a year after fullling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment was given as per guidelines by Revised National TB Control Program PMDT (Programmatic management of drug-resistant TB). RESULTS:Adverse drug reactions on GI system were nausea 73 patients (96.10%), vomiting 70 (92.10%), acidity 41 (53.9%), and sulphurous belching and hepatitis 1 (1.31%) each. CONCLUSIONS: The reactions were common in rst 60 days of the regimen and in patients with BMI ≤18. Hence vigilant monitoring is required for these types of patients during the initial period and sputum smear and culture conversion is very well correlated with clinical and radiological improvement.

scholarly journals A prospective observational pharmacovigilance study of adverse drug reaction monitoring in patients of MDR-TB at tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Mirza Shiraz Baig ◽  
Monali Raghunath Kale ◽  
Avinash Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background: The emergence of drug resistant mycobacteria has become a significant public health problem world over creating an obstacle to effective TB control. ADRs are common in patients of MDR-TB on DOTs-Plus drug regimen. Present study was carried out in tertiary care hospital. Identification of types and frequency of adverse drug reactions in Intensive and continuation phase of MDR-TB Patients.Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in Department of TB- Chest and Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. All the MDR-TB patients admitted at the directly observed treatment, short course plus (DOTS plus) Center at Medical College Hospital were enrolled and were monitored for ADRs. The causality and severity of the reactions were determined using Naranjo algorithm and Hartwig questionnaire, respectively.Results: A total of 121 tuberculosis patients of MDR-TB on DOTS therapy were enrolled for the study. Out of 121 patients, 13 were dropouts, 6 died, 7 defaulted so 108 patients assessed for ADRs, 48 patients developed 61 (56.48%) adverse drug reactions. The higher numbers of ADRs were observed in age group 31-40yrs followed by 21-30yrs which were more common in men. Majority of adverse drug reactions were Gastrointestinal (GI) problems 32 (52.45%), followed by Ototoxicity 7 (11.48%) and Psychiatric Manifestations 6 (9.84%) and skin problems 3 (4.92%). On evaluation of the causality of ADRs, majority were found to be Possible (59.02%). The severity assessment showed that most of the patients ADRs were of moderate level (50.82%).Some patients required treatment withdrawal and replacement with other drug and most of the patients were managed with supportive medication without removing anti-tubercular drug from their treatment regimen.Conclusions: ADRs are major factor limiting completion of drug therapy under RNTCP and occurrence of drug resistance which requires attention of all health care professionals.

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