Spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in women with polycystic ovarian disease; a cross sectional study

Background: Polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of approximately 5-10%. This study aims to assess the rate of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy in patients. The present study was a cross sectional study conducted at Woman's Health Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.Methods: The current study was a cross sectional study carried out in Assiut Women's Health Hospital between the 1st October 2016 and 31st July 2017. The patients were selected as infertile patients with PCOD. The patient ages range between 20 and 35 years. The BMI is between 18 and 30 Kg/m2. The main outcome measure was the rate of spontaneous ovulation and spontaneous pregnancy in the 3 cycles.Results: The mean age of the study participants was 26.64±4.59 years and the mean BMI was 24.46±2.62Kg/m2. The sonographic ovarian volume was 12.47±0.69 mm3 for the right ovary and 12.74±0.73 mm3 for the left ovary. No difference in the serum FSH, LH, FSH/LH ratio and prolactin over the 3 consecutive cycles. The rate of spontaneous ovulation in the 3 cycles was 6 women (8.6%) and 2 cases (2.8%) became pregnant spontaneously during the study period. There is no statistical significant difference between ovulating and non-ovulating women according to the BMI and ovarian volume.Conclusions: The present study concluded that the rate of spontaneous ovulation was 8.6% in women with PCOD within 3 cycles with no adverse effects of drugs or surgical interference.

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Load Distribution Between Right and Left Foot by Using Podata Postural Stabilometric Footplate in Undergraduate Students of Pakistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116096/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adnan Hashim ◽

Ashfaq Ahmad ◽

Asif Hanif ◽

Samia Sarmad ◽

Faiza Sharif

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Load Distribution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Secure Place

Abstract Objective: The objective was to assess the load distribution between right and left foot by using PODATA Postural Stabilometric footplate in undergraduate students of Pakistan.Study design: Cross sectional study.Place and Duration: This study was conducted from the different medical institutes of Pakistan.Methodology: Ethical committee's clearance was acquired from the University of Lahore before this research's ritualistic starting point. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 undergraduate students having age years. For data collection, empowerment from patients was started by taking compile agreement from the university's management. Informed consent was taken from the study participants. All questions in the questionnaire were validated through previous literature. Questionnaires were provided and abstracted to the respondents as a pamphlet. After collection, data was saved in a secure place to avoid any biases.Results: Out of 145 students, 115(75.9%) students were females, and 30(24.1%) students were males, 76 students had normal body weight, The mean weight on the right foot was 2.29 ± 0.92 kg by accessor 1, 2.29 ± 0.93 kg by accessor 2 & the mean weight on the left foot was 0.57 ± 0.33 kg by Accessor 1, 0.57 ± 0.34 kg by Accessor 2; hence, there is a significant difference in weight on right & left foot by accessor 1 & accessor 2 during open eyes as the p-value was significant. (value <0.00001**).Conclusion: It was concluded that the load distribution is not the same as the right foot and the left foot. The right foot is dominant; changing the accessor doesn't matter the foot's dominancy, and if someone has right-hand dominance, it's not necessarily that their right foot Will be dominant. Their left foot can also be dominant. Load distribution between foot also depends on the total body weight.

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The association between palatal rugae pattern and dental malocclusion

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2177-6709.24.1.37.e1-9.onl ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 037e1-037e9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Farheen Fatima ◽

Mubassar Fida ◽

Attiya Shaikh

Keyword(s):

Class Ii ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Class Iii ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Palatal Rugae ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Dental Malocclusion

ABSTRACT Introduction: Palatal rugae complete its development during early intrauterine life, whereas dental malocclusions in permanent dentition establishes several years into the post-natal life. Objective: The objective of present study was to determine if there is an association between the palatal rugae pattern and Angle’s classes of malocclusion. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pretreatment dental casts of 184 patients. The sample was divided into the following groups: Class I, Class II div. 1, Class II div. 2, and Class III. The number of palatal rugae was recorded, bilaterally. The length, pattern and orientation of three anterior-most primary rugae on both sides were recorded. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 17.8 ± 5.4 years. The mean number of the palatal rugae was 11.18 ± 2.5, with significant differences among different malocclusion groups. The length of the first rugae on left side and third rugae on both sides varied significantly among the groups (p< 0.05). Similarly, the pattern of palatal rugae was also found to be significantly different among the malocclusion groups. The right sided rugae did not have any significant difference in the orientation in different malocclusion groups; however, the left sided rugae showed significant differences among the four malocclusion groups (p< 0.001). Conclusions: The current study showed subtle differences in the palatal rugae pattern among the Angle’s classes of malocclusion. Similarly, the length and orientation of some rugae were also found to be significantly different between malocclusion groups.

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Assessment of the virtual guide on eye self-examination in the context of HIV/AIDS

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0103-21002012000800014 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (spe1) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennara Candido Nascimento ◽

Maria Alzete Lima ◽

Paulo Cesár de Almeida ◽

Lorita Marlena Freitag Pagliuca ◽

Joselany Áfio Caetano

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eye Health ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Socioeconomic Profile ◽

The Right ◽

Self Examination ◽

Text Illustrations ◽

Hiv Aids

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of a virtual guide with a view to promoting eye health. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with 130 HIV/AIDS patients from an ambulatory unit between May and August/2010. The data was collected through interviews and observation, using three forms that addressed the socioeconomic profile, understanding and performing the virtual guide eye self-examination. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ² and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests. It was considered statistically significant p <0.05. RESULTS: The virtual guide was positively evaluated in the categories of understanding and adequacy of text illustrations. There was statistically significant difference between the tests performed with this virtual guide (p=0.036). Comparing the results obtained by participants and researchers, we observed similarities in the findings (p>0.140), excepting only the evaluation of the right eyelid. CONCLUSION: The virtual guide helped developing proper eye self-exam, enabling people to notice alterations in their eyes.

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Superior versus Inferior Conjunctival Limbal Autograft with Sutures in the Management of Primary Pterygium in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dakshina Kannada - A Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 603-607

Author(s):

Madhuri Upadhyaya ◽

Sheetal Savur

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Surgical Time ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Pterygium Excision ◽

Primary Pterygium

BACKGROUND Pterygium excision with conjunctival limbal autograft (CAU) is one of the most frequently used modalities in the treatment of pterygium. The graft has traditionally been harvested from the superior bulbar conjunctiva, but this may not be possible in all patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the intraoperative difficulties and early postoperative outcomes between superior and inferior CAU in the management of primary pterygium. METHODS This hospital based cross sectional study evaluated 58 eyes of 50 patients with primary pterygium who underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival limbal autograft secured with the help of sutures over a period of 2 years from March 2018 to March 2020. In 28 eyes, the superior bulbar conjunctiva was used for grafting whereas in 30 eyes, the inferior conjunctiva was used for the same. The outcome measured was in terms of the mean surgical time, clinical symptoms and signs in the early postoperative period and recurrence rate. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 44.14 ± 12.71 years in the superior CAU group and 45.76 ± 14.51 years in the inferior CAU group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean surgical time (68.39 ± 31.51 in superior group, 2.60 ± 0.79 in inferior group; P value 0.712). The duration of follow-up after surgery was significantly more (P = 0.048) in the inferior CAU group (42.60 ± 11.71 days) as compared to the superior CAU group (37.39 ± 7.52 days). Postoperative symptoms were comparable, and no recurrence was observed in either of the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Pterygium excision with inferior conjunctival limbal autograft is safe and effective in the management of primary pterygia and may be considered as an alternative to superior graft in cases where harvesting the superior conjunctiva is not possible or not advisable. KEYWORDS Primary Pterygium, Conjunctival Limbal Autograft, Inferior Graft

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Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr203009b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 1009-1019

Author(s):

Slavko Brankovic ◽

Dejan Nikolic ◽

Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽

Suzana Cvjeticanin

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Gender ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mean Values ◽

Individual Variations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

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Coverage of and compliance to iron supplementation under the National Iron Plus Initiative among reproductive age-group women in urban Puducherry – a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2018-0094 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Surendran Gayathri ◽

Sakthivel Manikandanesan ◽

Jayaseelan Venkatachalam ◽

Sarveswaran Gokul ◽

Arivarasan Yashodha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Supplementation ◽

Medication Compliance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background Anaemia is a global health problem and an important cause of morbidity in all age groups, especially among women and children. Various programmes have been implemented to combat anaemia in India and National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI) is the latest programme to be implemented. Aim To ascertain the proportion of reproductive age women receiving iron supplementation under the NIPI and assess the compliance and factors hindering the implementation and compliance of the programme. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) during November 2017. The participants were interviewed at their household using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to obtain information on socio-demographic details, whether they were receiving iron supplements and compliance to the programme. Results Out of 302 study participants, only 138 (45.7%) were found to be receiving the supplements under the NIPI. The major source of iron supplementation was various health facilities (69.4%). Of those not receiving the tablets, 96.3% were non-pregnant non-lactating women. The proportion of study participants receiving iron supplementation through house visits by auxiliary nurse mid-wives (ANMs) was only 1.45%. Of the 138 women receiving supplementation, 85 (61%) were compliant with their medication. Compliance also tended to be higher among pregnant and lactating women. The most important reasons for non-compliance were adverse effects and forgetfulness. The presence of regular house visits by ANMs had a significant association with reception of tablets [prevalence ratio (PR)–1.43]. Pregnant women had a significant association with both reception (PR–2.19) and compliance (PR–1.8) with iron supplementation. Conclusion The current NIPI programme needs to be regularly evaluated to ensure its effective implementation. Importance should be given to non-pregnant non-lactating women to increase coverage among them.

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Orthodontic Treatment Knowledge among General Dentists and Non-orthodontic Specialists

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v9i1.25689 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 40-44

Author(s):

Asal Acharya ◽

Praveen Mishra ◽

Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽

Pooja Shah

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Multiple Choice Questions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Treatment Knowledge ◽

Treatment Concepts ◽

The Mean ◽

General Dentists

Introduction: General dentists and specialists other than orthodontist may encounter patient requiring orthodontic treatment. For proper counseling and referral, it is important that general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists have adequate level of orthodontic knowledge. Objective: To assess the knowledge of orthodontic treatment among general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists and to compare the knowledge between the two groups. Materials & Method: A descriptive cross sectional study using questionnaire was performed among 185 actively practicing general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists of Nepal. The questionnaire comprised of three parts. The first part included demographic details, second part contained 5 multiple choice questions regarding orthodontic counseling and third part integrated 18 questions for evaluating knowledge of orthodontic treatment. Each correct answer was given score 1 and every incorrect answer was scored zero in the third part of the questionnaire. Result: Among total participants, 60.5% think first orthodontic evaluation of a child should be carried out within 7 to 8 years of age and 44.3% think orthodontic treatment can even be started after 40 years of age. Around 66% of the participants think that orthodontic treatment cannot be performed in periodontally compromised cases. No significant difference was found between the mean scores of knowledge among general dentists and non-orthodontic specialists (p=0.891), or among dentists with different years of experience (p=0.644). Conclusion: There is a need for more education of orthodontic treatment concepts to the dentists who do not belong to orthodontic field for proper counseling and referral.

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Comparing the Lifestyle of Veteran and Non-Veteran Families in Tehran

The Journal of Tolooebehdasht ◽

10.18502/tbj.v19i4.4518 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seyed Alireza Afshani ◽

Seyed Mostajad Hosseini-motlagh

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Members ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽

The Mean ◽

Descriptive Level

Introduction: Lifestyle of a community members should be investiagted, especially in the devotees and their families. The present research aimed at measuring and comparing the lifestyle status of veteran and non-veteran families in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the statistical population included the veteran and non-veteran families in Tehran City and the sample size included 360 people. The research instruments were Lali, Abedi, and Kajbaf’s Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ) (2012), and All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS, 2013). The data were analyzed by SPSS v.24. At the descriptive level, graphing was performed and at the inferential level, Pearson, t-test, Friedman, and analysis of variance tests were run. Results: A significant difference was observed between the mean scores of lifestyle in two groups of Veteran and Non-Veteran in Tehran. No significant difference was found between the lifestyle scores of men and women in the Non-Veteran group as well as between the mean scores of the single and married lifestyle in the Veteran and Non-Veteran group (P<0/05). However, a significant relationship was found between health literacy and lifestyle of the veteran and non-veteran participants (p<0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that lifestyle should be considerd as a set of observable behaviors and health literacy should be investiagted as predicting variables in promoting lifestyle in the Veteran and Non-Veteran groups.

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A cross-sectional study of relationship between self-esteem and self-concept of students of medical sciences

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180589 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Mehdi Amirkhani ◽

Fatemeh Habibi ◽

Azadeh Hakimi ◽

Majid Najafi Kalyani ◽

Javad Salami

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Students ◽

Self Concept ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Background: Identification of the role of factors such as self-esteem and self-efficacy and the investigation of their relationship among students can bring about improvement of educational planning and enhance the teaching outcome. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy among the students of medical sciences.Methods: The present study is an analytical-descriptive which was conducted as a cross-sectional study on 394 students of Fasa University of Medical Sciences in 2016. In order to collect the data two questionnaires were used namely, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI) and Rogers Self-concept Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22. The researchers used descriptive and inferential statistics such as t-test, chi-square one-way ANOVA, and correlation to analyze the data.Results: The mean and the standard deviation of self-esteem scores of female and male students were 38.23±6.80 and 37.51±6.67 respectively. The mean and the standard deviation of self-concept scores of female and male students were 9.49±3.53 and 9.43±4.14 respectively. The mean of self-concept scores of students of different majors had statistically significant difference with each other (0.011), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in self-esteem scores among students with different majors (0.442).Conclusions: Considering the statistically significant difference in students’ self-concept scores in different majors, it is suggested that we take right approaches to the improvement and enhancement of individuals’ self-concept and the creation of positive feedback.

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Application of Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) in Adult Intensive Care Units: a cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.07.07.20114918 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abdullah S. Alqahtani ◽

Rachel Evley

Keyword(s):

Safety Culture ◽

Safety Climate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Safety Attitudes ◽

Safety Attitudes Questionnaire ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

AbstractPurposeTo achieve a positive safety culture, staff perception of safety must be frequently measured. There are several active and reactive methods to use to measure safety cultures such as near-miss occurrence, accidental data collection, measuring behavior, self-report method, and safety questionnaires. The safety attitudes questionnaire (SAQ) tool was used to measure safety culture. This tool is widely used in literature and among researchers and has been used and validated in middle eastern cultures. In addition, it has a validated Arabic version.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using anonymous and random sampling. I surveyed all ICU staff working in all the adult ICUs in two of the major hospitals in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The short version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire was used to assess participants’ attitudes towards safety culture. The study involved all healthcare providers working in Adult ICU.ResultsThe study occurred over a three-week period in March 2019. A total of 82 completed questionnaires were returned which represented a response rate of 82%. On average, the domain that scored the highest number of positive responses was Job satisfaction with 68.5%, followed by teamwork climate 67.8%, then working conditions 60.1%, 57.1% safety climate, then preparation of management with 53.4%, and finally 46% in Stress recognition. A statistically significant difference was found between the mean SAQ score and the educational level of the participants. Participants with bachelor’s degrees scored a mean of 50.17 compared to participants hold diploma degrees who scored a mean of 68.81 (P=0.02). Moreover, a significant difference was found between the mean SAQ score and participants’ specialties. Attending/Staff Physician mean score was 36.40, Nurse Manager/Charge Nurse scored 39.78, and Respiratory therapist mean score was 47.88, compared to mean score of 62.27 for Registered Nurse, and Respiratory supervisor 67.0 (P=0.04). In addition, 79.2% of the respondents did not report any incidents in the last 12 months.ConclusionsThe result of the study shows an unsatisfying level of safety culture among healthcare staff in ICUs. The importance of this study is to establish a baseline for safety climate in these hospitals and specifically ICUs. In addition, by exposing the system weaknesses it helps the administration to strengthen and improve patient care. By decreasing workload and job stress, studies show they have a positive association with increasing job performance.

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