scholarly journals Surgical site infection among gynecological group: risk factors and postoperative effect

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunanda Bharatnur ◽  
Vandana Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mattress Suture ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: This study was carried out to evaluate the preoperative and intraoperative risk factors associated with surgical site infection amongst gynecology patients and its impact on postoperative recovery.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted among 285 patientsWho underwent surgery over a period of two years. Diagnosis of SSI was made as per CDC criteria. Various risk factors and impact of SSI on postoperative recovery were analysed. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS version 16.0. Range and mean was calculated for continuous variables and overall incidence rate of SSI is also calculated. Pearson Chi-square test was used to test risk factor association with SSI. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. Significance was assumed at a p value of less than 0.05.Results: The incidence of SSI was found to be 52 out of 285 women (46%). Majority of SSI, i.e. 49 out of 52 (94%) were superficial in nature. Deep SSI was seen in 3 patients (6%). No organ/space infection was noted in any patient. Women who were over 50 years had higher risk of developing SSI than women between 36 to 50 years (OR 0.519 Vs 0.214). The risk of SSI was 4 times in case of clean contaminated wounds as compared to clean wounds (OR 3.877). The risk further increased to 7 times in case of dirty wounds (OR 6.753). Other risk factors which are significantly associated with SSI were BMI (p value <0.001), midline incisions (p <0.001) and Mattress suture (p <0.001). Presence of previous scar had intraoperative adhesions, weaker scar and poor healing which predispose to development of SSI. Comorbidities which influence SSI’s in the present study are diabetes mellitus (OR 5.49, 95% CI 2.506-12.066, P <0.001), anaemia (OR 4.63, Cl 2.458-8.756) and hypertension (OR 2.46, Cl 0.994-6.117). Wound swab was sterile in 33(63%) cases and 18(35%) cases showed growth of the organism. Most common organism noted was E. coli 9 (50%) followed by Klebsiella and Staph aureus.Conclusions: SSIs are increasing in the current scenario due to increase in the number of surgeries, however they can be prevented by early identification and optimization of medical comorbidities and BMI. Meticulous preoperative workup and intraoperative surgical steps are important in reducing the risk of developing SSI.  A decrease in infection rate can lead to substantial reduction in the burden of disease.

scholarly journals A comparative study on surgical site infections after primary closure and delayed primary closure in clean contaminated laparotomy cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
T. J. Pauly ◽  
T. V. Haridas ◽  
E. Manoj Prabhakar ◽  
Roshjo Roshan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Primary Closure ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
P Value ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Delayed Primary Closure ◽  
Laparotomy Wound ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: Surgical site infection is a significant cause of post operative morbidity. Timing of skin closure following a surgery and its relation to incidence of infection has been studied. The debate whether primary or delayed primary closure have been around for a long time. The aim of this study is to compare the rate of infection in a laparotomy wound in clean contaminated laparotomy cases after primary and delayed primary closure.Methods: 132 patients who underwent laparotomy for clean contaminated were selected. Of this primary closure of the skin was done in 66 cases and delayed primary closure at 48 hours were done in the other 66 patients. Wounds were followed up till post op day 7. The results between two groups were compared using chi square test.Results: two out of 66 cases developed SSI in the delayed primary sutured group whereas 8 out of 66 cases developed SSI in primary suturing group. The results were compared using chi square test and the chi square statistic was 3.8951 and the p value is 0.048428 (<0.05) proving the result significant.Conclusions: The incidence of surgical site infection in laparotomy wound after a primary closure was higher compared to delayed primary closure in clean contaminated laparotomy wounds and the difference is significant based on statistical evaluation.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Recipient Surgical Site Infection in Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction with Vascularized Fibular Bone Grafts

2020 ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Pichai Vittayakittipong ◽  
Sarocha Makmanee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
P Value ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Physical Status ◽  
Recipient Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Reconstruction

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of recipient surgical site infection (RSSI) after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with vascularized fibular bone grafts (VFBG).Material and Methods: This retrospective study was performed in patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial reconstructive surgery, with VFBG, at the Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University. Demographic, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were recorded. Any infection at the recipient site occurring within 30 days post-operatively, by criteria from the Center of Disease Control, was defined as RSSI. Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test, Student's t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient with statistical significance was set at 0.05.Results: There were twenty-one patients who met the eligibility criteria. The incidence of RSSI after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with VFBG was 47.6% (10/21 patients), and the success rate of VFBG was 95.2%. American Society of Anesthetics (ASA) physical status class II and oral contamination were significant risk factors for RSSI (p-value=0.004 and p-value=0.031, respectively). Length of hospital stay was significantly higher in the RSSI group (p-value<0.001).Conclusion: The incidence of RSSI after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with VFBG was high, and ASA physical status class II and oral contamination were significant risk factors for RSSI.

scholarly journals Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Perawatan Luka Dan Kejadian Infeksi Daerah Operasi Di RSUD Banyumas

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Utami Purwaningsih ◽  
Kris Linggardini
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Good Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Surgical Site Infection is infections that occur after surgery. Control of the incidence of nosocomial infection is part of the parameters of good health services at the hospital. One in 10 mothers who give birth by cesarean has an infection. The level of patient knowledge about how to care for wounds is an important factor in decreasing the incidence of wound infection in the surgical area in SC patients. Objective: knowing the relationship between levels of knowledge of post-operative SC patients about wound care and the incidence of surgical site wound infections. Method: The design used descriptive correlative and cross sectional approach. The sample were 76 respondents. The data were collected in December 2019 by using a knowledge level questionnaire and a form of signs of infection from Morison 2004. Data analysis using chi square).  The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and the incidence of infection in the area of ​​operation (p value 0.001).  Keywords: nosocomial, surgical site infection (SSI), section caesarea (SC) 

scholarly journals A Randomized Control Trial Comparing Transparent Film Dressings and Conventional Occlusive Dressings for Elective Surgical Procedures

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (17) ◽  
pp. 2844-2850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moushira Hosny Ezzelarab ◽  
Omar Nouh ◽  
Ahmed Nabil Ahmed ◽  
Mervat Gaber Anany ◽  
Nevine Gamal El Rachidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Gauze Dressing ◽  
Clean Contaminated ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection is one of the major health-care-associated problems causing substantial morbidity and mortality and constituting a financial burden on hospitals as well. The wound management is one of the crucial evidence-based strategies in the reduction of surgical site infection rates AIM: To study the impact of standardisation of transparent semipermeable dressing procedure on the rate of surgical site infection in comparison with conventional dressing in clean and clean-contaminated surgeries. METHODS: The study included 100 patients who were admitted to surgical wards in Cairo university hospitals, for clean and clean-contaminated operations, in the period from February 2017 to August 2017. Immunocompromised and uncontrolled diabetic patients were excluded. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups; in the first group, patients wounds were covered using transparent semipermeable dressing, while the second group patients’ wounds were covered using conventional occlusive gauze dressing. Patients were followed up for criteria of infection every other day during the first week then at two weeks, three weeks and four weeks. RESULTS: In clean and clean-contaminated operations, the transparent dressing group showed a significantly lesser rate of surgical site infection at (2%), compared with the conventional occlusive gauze dressing group with a surgical site infection rate of (14%) (p-value of 0.02). CONCLUSION: The transparent semipermeable dressing is effective in reducing surgical site infection rate in clean and clean-contaminated operations.

scholarly journals Risk of surgical site infection in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1362-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Falci Ercole ◽  
Lúcia Maciel Castro Franco ◽  
Tamara Gonçalves Rezende Macieira ◽  
Luísa Cristina Crespo Wenceslau ◽  
Helena Isabel Nascimento de Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Incidence ◽  
Chi Square Test

This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with surgical site infections in orthopedic surgical patients at a public hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2005 and 2007. A historical cohort of 3,543 patients submitted to orthopedic surgical procedures. A descriptive analysis was conducted and surgical site infection incidence rates were estimated. To verify the association between infection and risk factors, the Chi-square Test was used. The strength of association of the event with the independent variables was estimated using Relative Risk, with a 95% confidence interval and p<0.05. The incidence of surgical site infection was 1.8%. Potential surgical wound contamination, clinical conditions, time and type of surgical procedure were statistically associated with infection. Identifying the association between surgical site infection and these risk factors is important and contributes to nurses’ clinical practice.

scholarly journals Prevalence of surgical site infections and their sensitivity patterns in elective abdominal surgeries in King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2247
Author(s):  
Pratha Anantha Ramani ◽  
Simhadri Uday Kiran ◽  
Murali Manohar Deevi ◽  
Ginni Vijay Sainath Reddy ◽  
Ginjupalli Saichand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Clean Contaminated ◽  
King George Hospital ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Background: Surgical site infections are one of the most common complications in the postoperative period leading to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and reduced quality of life. The present study aims to identify the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI), risk factors, causative organisms, and their sensitivity patterns in patients who have undergone elective abdominal surgeries.Methods: A prospective study containing 200 patients who have undergone elective abdominal surgeries from May 2018 to January 2020 were evaluated. A thorough history was taken in all the patients. A detailed clinical examination and routine investigations were done. Parameters such as body mass index (BMI), diabetic status, type of surgery, wound grading, culture, and sensitivity patterns were considered. The patients underwent treatment based on their investigatory reports.Results: In the present study, 54 patients developed surgical site infection, and among them, 22 are diabetics. Only ten patients with normal BMI developed SSI, whereas the other 44 patients who developed SSI had abnormal BMI. The incidence of SSI was higher in clean-contaminated surgeries comprising up to 89% of cases. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated organism, and cefoperazone plus sulbactam was the most sensitive on antibiogram.Conclusions: The surgical site infections are on rising trend due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Treatment of the underlying risk factors, regular wound dressings, and antibiotics, according to sensitivity patterns, are the mainstay. 

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection in general surgeries

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Lima Rodrigues de Carvalho ◽  
Camila Cláudia Campos ◽  
Lúcia Maciel de Castro Franco ◽  
Adelaide De Mattia Rocha ◽  
Flávia Falci Ercole
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus ◽  
Preoperative Hospital Stay ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Clean Contaminated

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the incidence of surgical site infection in general surgeries at a large Brazilian hospital while identifying risk factors and prevalent microorganisms. Method: non-concurrent cohort study with 16,882 information of patients undergoing general surgery from 2008 to 2011. Data were analyzed by descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: the incidence of surgical site infection was 3.4%. The risk factors associated with surgical site infection were: length of preoperative hospital stay more than 24 hours; duration of surgery in hours; wound class clean-contaminated, contaminated and dirty/infected; and ASA index classified into ASA II, III and IV/V. Staphyloccocus aureus and Escherichia coli were identified. Conclusion: the incidence was lower than that found in the national studies on general surgeries. These risk factors corroborate those presented by the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System Risk Index, by the addition of the length of preoperative hospital stay. The identification of the actual incidence of surgical site infection in general surgeries and associated risk factors may support the actions of the health team in order to minimize the complications caused by surgical site infection.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors for maternal surgical site infection after cesarean section.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500
Author(s):  
Sadia Zaineb ◽  
Amina Akbar ◽  
Mobeen Ikram ◽  
Saira Mahboob ◽  
Arshad Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antenatal Visits

Objective: To ascertain the frequency and risk factors for post-operative surgical site infection (SSI) in cesarean section. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Departments of Gynecology & Obstetrics and Anesthesiology, Secondary Care Hospital. Period: January to December 2017. Material & Methods: After the approval of hospital ethical committee, 337 parturient who underwent cesarean section were included in our study. Outcomes were: frequency and risk factors for post-cesarean wound infection. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Qualitative data presented as frequency and percentage. Chi-square (Fishers test) used to analyze significance. P-value ≤ 0.05 taken as significant. Results: A total of 337 patients were included in our final analysis. The frequency of wound infection was 15 (4.4%). The mean age was 27.5 years ± 5.8 in our study population. There was no difference in age (p=0.781), parity (p=0.898), antenatal visits (p=0.319), referral from doctor (p=0.205), anemia (p=0.731), nature of surgery (elective or emergency LSCS) p=0.548, severity of anemia (p=0.962), blood grouping Rh-factor (p=0.531), chorioamnionitis (p=0.707), labor (p=0.955), premature rupture of membrane (p=0.427) and antepartum hemorrhage (p=0.769). 11 (3.3%) of the patients with SSI were treated conservatively while 4 (1.2%) required debridement and secondary suturing. None of our patients required referral to tertiary care hospital for treatment of SSI. Conclusion: The incidence of SSI after cesarean section was less in our study and we didn’t find maternal age, gestational age, previous cesareans delivery, antenatal visits, PROM, labor before LSCS, anemia to be associated with risk of SSI.

scholarly journals To Evaluate Povidone-iodine Effect On Post Appendectomy Surgical Site Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Rizwanullah Junaid Bhanbhro ◽  
Khalil Ahmed Almani ◽  
Sadia Kazi ◽  
Navaid Kazi ◽  
Sumayya Kazi
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Normal Wound Healing

Objective: Evaluating the effects of Povidone- Iodine against the surgical site infection in post- appendectomy wound infection. Study design: Randomized clinical trial Place and duration: Department of Surgery, Isra University Hospital Hyderabad from January 2016 to December 2017. Subjects and Methods: Patients of acute appendicitis with classical clinical presentation were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 60 patients were those in which wound was irrigated with 1% povidone-iodine solution versus 60 patients in whom wound not irrigated with it before skin closure. Data was analyzed on SPSS 22.0 using Student t-test and Chi- square test respectively. Data was analyzed at 95% confidence interval (P=0.05). P-value of =0.05 was taken statistically. Results: Mean ± SD age of control and cases was noted as 22.5 ± 7.5 and 23.5 ± 6.5 years respectively (P=0.86). Male and female population in control and cases were noted as 45 (75%) and 15 (25%) & 47 (78.33%) and 13 (21.66%) respectively (P >0.05). Grade 4 pus discharging wound infection was noted in 3.33% in control compared to 1.66% in cases (P= 0.87). Normal wound healing (grad 0) was noted in 37 (61.6%) and 43 (71.6%) of control and cases respectively. In control grade 1-4 lesions were noted in 38.4% compared to 28.4% in cases (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Simple irrigation of appendectomy wound with 1% povidone- iodine significantly prevents against the surgical site infection and pus formation

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