Effect of yogic relaxation technique on auditory and visual reaction times

Background: Human beings receive various types of stimuli in day to day life and respond to them accordingly. The time taken to receive a stimulus, it's processing and giving a response is different for every individual at minute level, in milliseconds. This time interval is called reaction time. Various yogic practices are found to influence the Reaction Time of individuals. Aim of the work was to evaluate the immediate effect of deep relaxation technique on auditory and visual reaction time.Methods: Auditory and visual reaction times have been measured using simple reaction time tasks in Inquisit software (version 4.0.10.0). 115 healthy yoga students from SVYASA Yoga university, between the age group of 20 to 50 years were taken for the study. Pre and post measurements of auditory reaction time and visual reaction time was done.10 minutes of pre-recorded DRT was given as intervention and immediately after that reaction times were measured.Results: There was a significant decline in the ART and VRT observed in the Post DRT condition. Statistical analysis was carried out using JASP software.Conclusions: The significant decrease in Auditory and Visual Reaction Time shows that DRT helps to increase the awareness and attention of individuals.

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TO STUDY THE RELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON AUDIOVISUAL REACTION TIME IN YOUNG FEMALES.

10.36106/ijsr/8020658 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 14-16

Author(s):

Manu Saini ◽

Mamta Mamta ◽

Ruchi Agrawal ◽

Sweta Soni

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Body Mass ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Young Female ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Young Females ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Auditory Reaction Time

Background: Menstruation is an important part of female reproductive cycle. Menstrual problems can affect the normal life of adolescent and young women. Many factors play a role in regulation of normal menstruation like genetic, hormonal factors and Body Mass Index. Reaction time is the time taken by an individual to react to a stimulus. It is an indirect index of processing capabilities of the Central Nervous System and is affected by various factors. Aims & Objective: The present study was undertaken to see the relation between Body Mass Index and menstrual abnormalities and effect on Auditory and Visual reaction time in healthy young females (16-19 yrs.) with the help of Audiovisual reaction time apparatus. Method: 90 young female medical and paramedical students from Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, were selected for this study. A questionnaire was given to them regarding the menstrual status and any abnormalities in menstrual cycle. Students were divided into 3 groups according to their body mass index:- Group 1:- Normal(BMI 18.5 – 24.99 kg/m ), Group 2:- Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m ), Group 3:- 2 2 Overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m ). The reaction times were then noted by audiovisual reaction timer. It was observed that students with 2 Results: High or Low BMI were more likely to have an excessive amount of blood ow and long interval between menstrual cycle as compared to normal BMI group . Auditory Reaction Time (ART) and Visual Reaction Time (VRT) were assessed by using one – way ANOVAwith post – hoc Tukey's HSD test. Both Auditory Reaction Time and Visual Reaction Time were prolonged and highly signicant (p<0.0001) in underweight and overweight female groups in comparison to the normal BMI group. Conclusion: Thus Body Mass Index affects the normal menstrual cycle and the Audio-visual reaction time. Adolescent girls should have a healthy and balanced lifestyle to maintain normal BMI and menstrual cycle.

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Reaction Time and Visual Brightness: Within-Subject Correlations

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1979.48.1.107 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Armand V. Cardello

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Stimulus Intensity ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Two Measures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Linear Correlations ◽

Visual Brightness ◽

Magnitude Estimates

An experiment was conducted to compare visual reaction time and visual brightness within the same subjects. Simple reaction times and magnitude estimates of brightness were obtained in response to 1000-msec. flashes of 60.7, 67.5, 76.4, 85.1, and 93.4 dB re 10−10L white light. The relationship between reaction time and stimulus intensity was best described by a negative logarithmic function, while the relationship between magnitude estimates of brightness and stimulus intensity was best described by a power function. Linear correlations between reaction times and magnitude estimates indicated that visual reaction time and brightness are not proportional within all subjects. Previous reports of proportionality between these two measures were discussed as possibly being the result of inappropriate cross-experiment comparisons.

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Effect of Bhramari pranayama practice on simple reaction time in healthy adolescents – a randomized control trial

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0244 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Maheshkumar Kuppusamy ◽

Dilara Kamaldeen ◽

Ravishankar Pitani ◽

Julius Amaldas ◽

Padmavathi Ramasamy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Simple Reaction Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Before And After ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Auditory Reaction Time ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Apparently Healthy

AbstractObjectivesThe improvement in the/reaction time is important, as it is an indicator of cognitive function. Therefore, there is a need, especially for adolescents in the form of techniques or courses that can improve the reaction time. Yoga was found to cause a better improvement in the health of the individuals. The present study intended to show the effects of Bhramari pranayama (Bhr.P) on reaction time in the healthy adolescents.MethodsOf the 730 potential subjects screened, 520 apparently healthy adolescents randomly assigned to either the Bhr.P group (n-260) or control group (n-260). Bhr.P group practiced the bhramari pranayama for 3 days in a week for 6 months. The Auditory Reaction Time (ART) and the Visual Reaction Time (VRT) were assessed before and after Bhr.P pranayama practice.ResultsBhr.P group shows significant shortening of response time in both VRT (from 267.13 ± 52.65 to 249.87 ± 39.41 ms) and ART (from 237.42 ± 48.12 to 227.91 ± 34.60 ms) after 6 months of Bhr.P practice. In control group subjects, no such significant changes were found (p > 0.05).ConclusionsShortening of RT implies an improvement in the information processing and reflexes. This beneficial effect of Bhr.P on reaction time can be used for improving cognitive function in the adolescents for their academic performances.

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Reaction Time and Effect of Ritalin on Children with Learning Problems

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1973.36.1.75 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 75-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carl Spring ◽

Lawrence Greenberg ◽

Jimmy Scott ◽

John Hopwood

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Reaction Time Task ◽

Learning Problems ◽

Poor Readers ◽

School Age ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Elementary School Age ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Reading And Spelling

In Exp. I, 22 poor readers and 22 normal readers of elementary-school age were matched on age, IQ, and sex and tested with a visual reaction-time task requiring same-different judgments. On initial trials poor readers were slower than normal readers. In addition, the performance of poor readers deteriorated faster than that of normal readers as testing progressed. In Exp. II, 20 hyperactive boys taking methylphenidate medication, 19 hyperactive boys whose medication was temporarily discontinued, and 19 normal boys were tested. Reaction time on early trials was not significantly different for boys in the on-medication and off-medication groups; however, both hyperactive groups were slower than the normal group. As testing progressed, reaction times of normal boys and boys taking medication remained fairly stable, while the performance of hyperactive boys not taking medication declined. The significance of these results to reading and spelling is discussed.

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AUDITORY REACTION TIME MEASUREMENT WITH OBSERVER-BASED PSYCHOPHYSICAL PROCEDURE

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v5i6.1934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Yasam Yildirim Baskurt ◽

Gunay Kirkim

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Behavioral Response ◽

Simple Reaction Time ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Time Measurement ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Reaction Time Measurement ◽

Auditory Reaction Time ◽

The Subject

Reaction is defined as a behavioral response to a stimulus. The stimulus can be auditory or visual. Reaction time (RT) is determined as the time between the onset of the stimulus and response. According to this definition, the auditory RT is the time between the auditory stimulus and the response. Simple reaction time has been the subject of comparison of many different groups with both auditory and visual stimuli. When the simple auditory and visual RT in normal hearing individuals are compared, it has been observed that the auditory RT is faster than visual reaction. Auditory RT in womens's was observed slower than men. In many different studies, average values are 180-200 ms for visual RT and 140-160 ms for auditory RT with normal hearing and sighted individuals. Keywords: Reaction Time, Cochlear Implant, Hearing loss

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Analysis of perceived stress, cardiovascular and central nervous system changes before and after menstruation in the age group 18-22 years

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173578 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 3644

Author(s):

Amita M. Pardeshi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Premenstrual Syndrome ◽

Age Group ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Visual Reaction

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical, behavioural or emotional symptoms that some women experience on regular basis in relation to menstruation. Premenstrual symptoms have been associated with perceived stress, and perceived stress is the strongest predictor of premenstrual syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the premenstrual stress and its effect on cardiovascular system and sensorimotor association and processing capability of central nervous system.Methods: The present study was done in 60 healthy female volunteers in age group of 18-22 years. We measured following parameters during premenstrual and postmenstrual phases- pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory and visual reaction time and perceived stress with the help of Cohen’s perceived stress scale.Results: The study revealed that significant increase was observed in perceived stress, pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory reaction time (ART), and visual reaction time (VRT) during premenstrual period as compared to postmenstrual period.Conclusions: These changes could be attributed to fluid and salt retention due to ovarian steroids and to exaggerated response to hormonal changes leading to decrease in the processing capability of central nervous system. It is not clear how stress may contribute to increased pre-menstrual symptom severity, although stress-induced changes in ovarian hormone levels and neurotransmitters may be involved.

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Visual reaction time of drivers versus healthy adults: a comparative study

Journal of Physiological Society of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpsn.v1i1.37715 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

Mrigendra Amatya ◽

Samjhana Thapa ◽

Roshan Kasti ◽

Ojashwi Nepal

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Reaction Times ◽

T Test ◽

Whole Body ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Student Group ◽

Vehicular Pollution ◽

Left Hand ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

One Year

Introduction: Driving is a highly demanding profession requiring heightened alertness while remaining in an ergonomically constrained position and also associated with exposure to vehicular pollution and whole body vibration. We explored whether drivers’ reaction time is different to student group who also remain in sitting position for long hours but not exposed to other factors. Materials and methods: Drivers with at least one year of occupational history and under/post-graduate students were randomly selected. Their reaction time in seconds (RT) was measured by the ruler drop method (RDM) and compared with independent t test. Right vs left hand RTs were compared within groups by paired t test. Results: Thirty students (21.8±2.25 years) and 37 drivers (33.73±9.77 years) participated in the study. The drivers had RT of 2.03±0.2s on both the hands; students’ RT were 2.01±0.16s on right and 2.02±0.17s on left hands. For both hands, the differences were not significant between drivers and students (p>0.5). Right and left RT were also comparable for both groups (p>0.5). Conclusions: Bus drivers with at least one year occupational exposure have reaction times ruler drop stimulus not significantly different from controls (students).

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CORRELATION OF GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS WITH AUDITORY AND VISUAL REACTION TIME IN DIABETICS

Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) ◽

10.32345/2664-4738.3.2021.05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Shweta Patil ◽

Sangita Phatale ◽

Basavaraj Malipatil

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Visual Reaction Time ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Auditory Reaction Time ◽

Group 2 ◽

Hba1c Levels ◽

Group 1

Relevance. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders wherein hyperglycemia occurs either due to lack of insulin secretion and/or reduced insulin sensitivity of the tissues. One of the commonest complications of diabetes is neuropathy and its severity will depend on how long and how high the hyperglycemia has been prevalent. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes affects the peripheral nerves and slows psychomotor responses in persons who do not have proper glycemic control. This decreased psychomotor response because improper glycemic control affects the reaction time in diabetics. Objective: to assess and compare the auditory and visual reaction time in group-1 and group-2 diabetics and to correlate it with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in both the groups. Methods. The study was conducted on 60 subjects aged between 40-50 years after obtaining the permission of the ethical committee of our institution. The group consisted of 60 well-controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c < 7%) with a history of diabetes for 1-10 years attending the medical OPD of Basaveshwar teaching and general hospital, Gulbarga. Diabetics with HbA1c 5-6% were grouped as group-1 and those with HbA1c 6-7% as group 2. The visual reaction time for a green and red light and auditory reaction time for tone and click sound were measured by using reaction time apparatus 2x4, Anand agencies Pune. HbA1c was done by the micro-column method. Results. The visual and auditory reaction time of diabetics with HbA1c 5-6% was faster as compared to the diabetics with HbA1c 6-7% with P< 0.001 and a statistically significant positive correlation was found between HbA1c levels and the visual and auditory reaction time. Conclusion. Poor glycemic control slows psychomotor responses and thus affects the visual and auditory reaction time.

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Detection of cognitive impairment by choice auditory reaction time (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT) s during acute mental stress in young hypertensives: A case control study.

Current Hypertension Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573402117666210511010824 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Vitthal Khode ◽

Satish Patil ◽

Girish Babu ◽

Komal Ruikar ◽

Sakshi Patel

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Mental Stress ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Psychomotor Speed ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Visual Reaction ◽

Auditory Reaction Time ◽

Control Study

Background: Acute stress is known to be associated with both negative and positive influences on cognitive performance. Hypertension is one of the risk factors for lowered cognitive performance. Mental stress testing is easier to administer and can be regulated by the investigator. Mental arithmetic, using serial subtraction, is the most widely used method to administer stress. Reaction time (RT) is widely used to assess cognitive domains like attention, execution, and psychomotor speed. Researchers have shown that choice reaction times are delayed in hypertension. It is not known whether acute mental stress improves or deteriorates attention, execution, and psychomotor speed in hypertension. We hypothesized in the present study that acute mental stress deteriorates cognitive function in hypertensives without overt cerebro-vascular disease or other vascular risk factors. Method: After getting medical ethical clearance from our institution, this case-control study was carried out over eight months (January 2017 to September 2017). 60 subjects between the age group of 35 to 55 years were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 diagnosed cases of hypertension with at least two years of duration. Group 2 consisted of 30 sex and age-matched controls. MMSE was performed to assess the cognitive function in these groups. Simple (S) and choice (C) auditory reaction time (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT) were measured at rest and acute mental stress in these groups to assess cognitive function. The predictive value of VRTC resting and VRTC during acute mental stress among hypertensives for cognitive dysfunction was calculated by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There was a significant difference between ART and VRT, both simple and choice in hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects, and these reaction times further increased during mental stress. (P<0.001). VCRT can be a predictor of cognitive dysfunction in hypertensives and during acute mental stress. Conclusion: A significant difference in cognitive functions in hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects exists, and this further deteriorates with acute mental stress.

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