scholarly journals Biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures in term and preterm neonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Manoj D. ◽  
Rajesh Reddy K. ◽  
S. S. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Background: Neonatal seizures may arise as a result of diverse etiologies and can have varied presentations. Biochemical abnormalities are commonly observed in neonates which can be either primary or secondary. Early recognition and treatment of biochemical disturbances is essential for optimal management and satisfactory long-term outcome.Methods: A total of 100 neonates presenting with seizures admitted to NICU of JJM Medical College, Davanagere, from November 2015 to April 2017 were enrolled in the study. Detailed antenatal, natal, postnatal history along with detailed examination was done along with baseline characteristics of convulsing were recorded at admission along with relevant biochemical investigations before instituting any specific treatment.Results: In the present study, out of 100 neonates studied, 64 were full term of which 49(76.5%) were AGA and 15(23.5%) were SGA, whereas 36 cases were preterm. Most neonatal seizures occurred in first 3 days of life, i.e. 59% of which majority occurred on first day of life (34%). Birth asphyxia and septicemia are common cause of neonatal seizures in present study (38 cases each), followed by pure metabolic disturbances 19%. In pure metabolic seizures, hypoglycemia (47.8%) is most common more in preterm babies (55%) followed by hypocalcemia.Conclusions: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unrecognized and may significantly contribute to seizure activity. Hence, a biochemical work up is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.

TO STUDY CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TIME OF ONSET OF SEIZURE IN TERM AND PRETERM NEONATES AND THE BIOCHEMICALABNORMALITY IN SEIZURES IN TERM AND PRETERM NEONATES.

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Singh ◽  
Gaurav Choudhary ◽  
Akhilesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Seizure Episode ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

INTRODUCTION: Seizure is dened as paroxysmal involuntary disturbance of brain function. It may manifest as impairment or loss of consciousness, abnormal motor activity, behavioural abnormality, sensory disturbance or autonomic dysfunction. Any abnormal, repetitive and stereotypic behaviour in neonates should be evaluated as possible seizure. Neonatal seizures is a common neurological problem with a frequency range from 0.95 to 3.5/1000 live births. AIMS & OBJECTIVES:To assess the importance of biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures and to evaluate clinical presentation & time of onset of seizures in term and preterm neonates. MATERIAL & METHODS: A total of 90 neonates presenting with seizures admitted to NICU of National Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Jaipur from conducted from 1st January 2019 till 30 th June 2020 were enrolled in the study. Detailed antenatal, natal, postnatal history along with detailed examination was done. Baseline characteristics of convulsing neonate including sex, gestational age, birth weight, head circumference & length were recorded at admission. Clinical details of each seizure episode reported by the mother and subsequently observed by the resident doctors on duty were recorded i.e. age at onset of seizures, duration of seizure, number and type of seizure. Relevant investigations including biochemical parameters were done immediately after baby had seizures and before instituting any specic treatment. Etiology of neonatal seizures and associated biochemical abnormalities were diagnosed. RESULTS: In the present study, out of 90 neonates studied, 64 were full term of which 49(76.5%) were AGAand 15(23.5%) were SGA, whereas 26 cases were preterm. The male: female ratio is 1.3:1. Most neonatal seizures occur in rst 3 days of life, i.e. 60 %. Most of them occurred on rst day of life (34%). Birth asphyxia was the cause of neonatal seizures in 82 % neonates who developed seizures on day-1 of life. Birth asphyxia and septicemia are common cause of neonatal seizures in our study, followed by pure metabolic disturbances 20 %. In pure metabolic seizures, hypoglycemia (47.8%) is most common more in preterm babies (55%) followed by hypocalcemia. In cases of non- metabolic seizures, which showed associated biochemical abnormalities, hypoglycemia was most common abnormality 24 of 52 cases (46.15%). 12 cases (52.1%) are associated with birth asphyxia and 11 cases (47.9%) are associated with septicemia. CONCLUSION: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unrecognized. These abnormalities may signicantly contribute to seizure activity correction of these abnormalities may play a signicant role in seizure control. Hence, a biochemical work up is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.

scholarly journals ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurdeep Singh Dhanjal ◽  
Vikramjot Singh ◽  
Gurnoor Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Introduction: Neonatal seizure are the most frequent manifestation of neurological dysfunction in a neonate.  Detection of seizure and its etiology is important for guiding therapy. In the presence of biochemical abnormalities, it is difficult to control seizures and there is a risk of further brain damage. Early recognition and treatment of biochemical abnormalities are essential for optimal management and satisfactory long term outcome. The aim was to determine the etiology of neonatal seizures and to study the biochemical abnormalities. Material and Methods: The present study included 70 inborn neonates presenting with seizures admitted to the neonatal unit in MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India over a period of one and a half years. A detailed history was taken and clinical examination of the neonate was done. Etiological causes and various biochemical parameters were evaluated. Results:  Neonatal seizures occurred more commonly in males. The most common cause of neonatal seizures was birth asphyxia seen in 26 (37.1%) neonates followed by sepsis in 24 (34.3%) neonates. The Primary Biochemical abnormalities were seen in 12 (17.1%) neonates with seizures. Among these neonates, hypoglycemia was most commonly seen in 4 (33.3%) neonates followed by hypocalcemia seen in 3 (25%) neonates. Conclusion: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unrecognized. These abnormalities may significantly contribute to seizure activity and hence a biochemical workup is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Biochemical Abnormalities in Neonatal Seizures in Term and Preterm Neonates

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
K. M. Vinay ◽  
Goutham Shankargoud Patil ◽  
S. S. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Background: The most vulnerable period of life to develop seizures is the neonatal period. These events very often signify serious damage or malfunction of the immature developing central nervous system. Neonatal seizures may arise as a result of diverse etiologies and can have varied presentations. Biochemical abnormalities are commonly observed in neonates who are admitted in neonatal intensive care unit with seizures. Early recognition and treatment of biochemical disturbances is essential for optimal management and satisfactory long-term outcome. Objective: To assess clinical types and importance of biochemical abnormalities in neonatal seizures and to evaluate clinical type & time of onset of seizures in term and preterm neonates. Methods: A prospective observational study, where 100 neonates presenting with seizures admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College, Davangere, from September 2015 to August 2017 were enrolled in the study. The detailed history along with clinical examination, baseline characteristics of convulsing neonate were recorded at admission. Clinical details of each seizure episode reported by the mother and subsequently observed by the resident doctors on duty were recorded. The relevant biochemical investigations were done immediately after baby had seizures and before instituting any specific treatment. The descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables, frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables. The association between gestational age and other categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square test of independence. The comparison of mean of various quantitative variables was analyzed using ANOVA test. Etiology of neonatal seizures and associated biochemical abnormalities were diagnosed. Results: In the present study, out of 100 neonates studied, 64 were full term of which 49(76.5%) were appropriate for gestational age and 15(23.5%) were small gestational age, whereas 36 cases were preterm. Most neonatal seizures occur in first 3 days of life, i.e. 59%. Most of them occurred on first day of life (34%). Birth asphyxia was the cause of neonatal seizures in 82.35% neonates who developed seizures on day-1 of life. Birth asphyxia and septicemia are common cause of neonatal seizures in our study (38 cases each), followed by pure metabolic disturbances 19%. In pure metabolic seizures, hypoglycemia (47.8%) is most common more in preterm babies (55%) followed by hypocalcemia. In cases of non- metabolic seizures, which showed associated biochemical abnormalities, hypoglycemia was most common abnormality 23 of 52 cases (44.2%). 12 cases (52.1%) are associated with birth asphyxia and 11 cases (47.9%) are associated with septicemia. Subtle seizures were most common type of seizures in our study, followed by focal clonic, multifocal clonic, generalized tonic, subtle with GTC and subtle with clonic. Conclusion: Biochemical abnormalities are common in neonatal seizures and often go unorganized. These abnormalities may significantly contribute to seizure activity correction of these abnormalities work up is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures.

scholarly journals Clinical, etiological, biochemical, microbiological and neurosonogram factors in related with neonatal seizures in Visakhapatnam, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marpi Suryaprasada Rao ◽  
Gavara Chinna Rao ◽  
Ayesha Sultana ◽  
Putrevu Jagannadha Karthik
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Neurological Problem ◽  
Period Detection ◽  
King George Hospital ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Background: Neonatal seizure is a common neurological problem in the neonatal period. Detection of seizure, its etiology, and clinical types is important for guiding therapy. A varied number of conditions are capable of causing seizures in the neonatal period. The aim was to study biochemical, microbiological and, nurosonogram factors related with neonatal seizures in Visakhapatanam, India.Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Andhra medical college, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The study was done to assess the biochemical changes, nurosonogram factors and microbilogical organisms implicated in neonatal seizures.Results: The present study is descriptive in nature where clinical spectrum of neonatal seizures in neonates was studied. 1500 neonates were admitted in NICU during the study period, among them 200 (13.3%) developed neonatal seizures. Etiology in majority of the cases of neonatal seizures was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (45%) followed in frequency by intracranial haemorrhage (14%), meningitis (12%), hypoglycaemia (11%), hypocalcaemia (4%) and others (14%). The most common organism implicated in neonatal seizures was Escherichia coli (36%), followed by Klebsiella (30%), staphylococcus aureus (19%), Streptococci agalactiae (7%) and unknown (8%). Meningitis accounted for 12% of neonatal seizures. Most common biochemical abnormalities noted were hypoglycemia, hypocalcaemia and hyponatremia.Conclusions: Biochemical abnormalities may significantly contribute to seizure activity and possibly correction of these abnormalities may play a significant role in seizure control. A biochemical work up is necessary for all cases of neonatal seizures. Appropriate treatment with antibiotics is essential. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid is essential work up in cases of neonatal seizures. Neurosonogram had good potential in predicting neurological outcome in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Neurosonogram should be incorporated in the routine evaluation of seizures. 

Liver abscess in early infancy with no underlying risk factors: a case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552095993
Author(s):  
Mugdha Anand ◽  
Puneet Kaur Sahi ◽  
Mukta Mantan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Umbilical Catheterisation

Liver abscess in early infancy is uncommon, needs a high index of suspicion for diagnosis and carries a high mortality. It presents most frequently by a fulminant course, generalised sepsis and multiple metastatic abscesses. An underlying predisposing factor is usually attributed in nearly all cases reported to date. These include prematurity, low birth weight, umbilical catheterisation (UC), administration of hypertonic dextrose or total parenteral nutrition via UC, exchange transfusion, blood culture proven sepsis, necrotising enterocolitis, antecedent abdominal surgery, birth asphyxia, omphalitis and underlying immunodeficiency. We present three cases of early infantile liver abscesses without any identifiable predisposing factor despite extensive work-up to search for such. Early recognition and management led to a favourable outcome in all our patients.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF PRETERM BABIES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaitan Singh Balai ◽  
Vivek Arora
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Preterm Babies

Background: To study outcome of preterm babies with RDS in babies admitted in NICU. Methods: This study was hospital based prospective study of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted in NICU of MBGH RNT medical college Udaipur, from February 2017 to January 2018. Results: Among 200 preterm neonates included in the study 31 neonates expired. Mortality was 15.5%. The mortality was 10.17% among the preterm neonates with RDS and hospitalized within 6 hrs. It was 31.81% among neonates hospitalized between 6-12 hrs and 62.5% and 66.66% among neonates hospitalized between 12-24 hrs and after 24 hrs of birth respectively. Conclusion: Mortality rate is inversely related to birth weight and gestational age and directly related to age at admission and severity of respiratory distress (Silverman-Anderson score). Keywords: Preterm, Neonates, Birth weight.

scholarly journals Assessment of developmental outcome of neonatal seizures at NICU of tertiary care centre hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Swati Saral ◽  
Pawan Ghanghoria
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Face ◽  
Centre Hospital

Background: Seizures are relatively common among first month of life. New-born with neonatal seizures are at risk of developmental delay. The objective of this study was to assess the developmental outcome of neonatal seizures and to study the factors associated with delayed developmental outcome in neonatal seizures.Methods: A prospective observational Study was conducted in 71 term and preterm neonates with documented seizure admitted in Medical college hospital, Jabalpur. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used. The face to face interview technique was used for collection of data by mother, followed by clinical examination of newborn and investigations were done. DDST II was used for developmental assessment of neonates. Results: Neonates with delayed developmental outcome are 42.62%. Delayed developmental outcome is significantly associated with male sex, low birth weight, prematurity and multiple frequencies of seizures.Conclusions: The delayed developmental outcome was high among neonatal seizures. 

scholarly journals Clinico- Biochemical Profile of Neonatal Seizure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
GS Shah ◽  
MK Singh ◽  
S Budhathoki ◽  
BK Kalakheti ◽  
DD Baral
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Neonatal Seizure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Biochemical Abnormalities

Objectives: The present study was undertaken to study the incidence, etiological factor, and days of onset, clinical types and biochemical abnormalities in babies having neonatal seizures. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, observational hospital based study. Ninety neonates, who developed seizures before 28 days of life and admitted to neonatal intensive care unit and nursery with neonatal seizure, were evaluated for incidence, etiological factor, clinical types and biochemical abnormalities found in neonatal seizure. The variables were analysed using Chi- Square and student t- test. Results: The incidence of neonatal seizure was 10.3/ 1000 live births. The seizures were common in male babies. 65 (72.2%) neonates were born to multiparous women while 35 (38%) were born to primigravidas. In birth asphyxia (n= 40), the most common type of seizure observed was subtle seizure 20 (50%), followed by focal clonic 10 (25%) and multifocal clonic 5 (12.5%). Tonic type of seizure was observed in 3 (7.5%) and myoclonic in 2 (5%). Meningitis and septicaemia was the second most common cause of neonatal seizure observed in our study. Among metabolic abnormalities hypoglycaemia was found in 20 (22%) and hypocalcaemia in 10 (11%). Conclusion: The commonest cause of seizure was birth asphyxia presenting within 72 hours of life. Among infection septicaemia and meningitis was the most common cause leading to neonatal seizure. Among biochemical abnormalities the most common cause of seizure observed in our study was hypoglycaemia and hypocalcaemia. Subtle seizures were the commonest type of seizure observed in this study. Key words: Neonatal seizure, biochemical disturbances in seizure.    DOI = 10.3126/jnps.v28i1.1398   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.28(1) p.7-9

scholarly journals Evaluation of Feto-maternal Outcome with Prelabour Rupture of Membranes in Term Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Samay Singh Meena ◽  
Dr. Badrilal Patidar ◽  
Dr. Girdhar Gopal Nagar ◽  
Dr. Sanjana Jourwal
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Genital Tract Infection ◽  
Major Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Failed Induction

Premature rupture of membrane (PROM) is defined as the disruption of fetal membranes before the beginning of labor, resulting in spontaneous leakage of amniotic fluid. The present study is undertaken to study the labor outcome, maternal morbidity and perinatal morbidity and mortality in term PROM. This is a Prospective Observational and Descriptive type Study conducted at Government Medical college, Kota for a period of eighteen month from January 2019 to June 2020. 200 cases of Spontaneous rupture of membrane with term gestation and confirmed by per speculum examination were selected. PROM was common in primigravida (62.50%), majority of belonged to age group of 20-29 years (89.0%). Need of induction required in 88% of cases, induction by cerviprime-gel done in 84.5% cases, Cesarean sections were more among primigravida. Failed induction was the common indication (44.11%). Maternal morbidity was significant (20.0%). Febrile morbidity was the major morbidity noticed with 14.50% followed by PPH 1.5%. No maternal mortality in the study. Perinatal morbidity was seen in 21% of cases. Birth asphyxia was the commonest cause for perinatal morbidity (14.0%). No Perinatal mortality was seen in this study. Escherichia coli (16.50%) was common organism found in culture of amniotic fluid. Majority of babies had APGAR score 6 &7 at 1 minute of birth and APGAR score 9 and 10 at 5 min. of birth. PROM is associated with many complications which can be reduced, by educating the women to have regular antenatal care, and early recognition of genital tract infection, and treat appropriately and to report at the earliest.

scholarly journals Metabolic and Electrolyte profile in Birth Asphyxia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Dr. Abhishek Kumar Singh ◽  
◽  
Dr. Bhoopendra Sharma ◽  
Dr. Anita Mehta ◽  
Dr. Karm Chand Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Introduction: The definition of birth asphyxia is given by the ACOG, AAP includes the existence of 3factors: Metabolic or mixed acidemia (pH<7) which is determined by umbilical cord arterial bloodsamples. The major causes of neonatal seizures are Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), whichrepresents about 50% of the causes of neonatal seizures. Metabolic abnormalities, infection,intracranial hemorrhage, developmental anomalies, and other like inborn errors of metabolism areother causes of neonatal seizures. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study. This is ahospital-based prospective study conducted at Nehru Hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur (UP)in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the pediatric department. This study was conducted from July2018 to July 2019. Result: Prevalence of Hypocalcemia was 7.6%, Prevalence of hypernatremia was1.3%, Out of 315 patients 32 (10.2%) patients expired and 283 (89.8%) was successfullydischarged. Conclusion: No association between Hypocalcemia and Hypomagnesemia Prevalence ofhyponatremia was 6.3% and no association between hyponatremia and Hypomagnesemia. Theprevalence of hypernatremia was 1.3% and there was no association between hypernatremia andHypomagnesemia.

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