A study on the prevalence of hypoalbuminemia in the hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute hyperglycemia and its correlation with the risk to ketosis in these patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that diminishes the quality and life expectancy of the patients by impacting a significant morbidity and mortality due to its associated complications. Diabetic ketoacidosis is considered as one such acute life-threatening complication of diabetes that is considered a medical emergency.Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of 65 patients diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes mellitus as per the criteria of American Diabetes Association 2019 were included in the study. After the ethical clearance, the study was conducted at the Employment State Insurance Corporation Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Chennai over a period of 6 months from October 2019 to March 2020. A statistical analysis was done and all the calculations were based on two-sided hypothesis with p<0.05 interpreted as significant.Results: The analysis of the study showed there was a significant prevalence of hypoalbuminemia (37%) among the patients with diabetes admitted with acute hyperglycemia. The occurrence of ketonuria among those patients with hypoalbuminemia were 62.5% [odds ratio (OR): 3.15, p value: 0.02].Conclusions: From the study, serum albumin levels has an inverse correlation in patients with acute hyperglycemia. Furthermore, low serum albumin harbingers the risk to ketosis in patients admitted with acute hyperglycemia thereby mirroring the relative insulin deficiency in these patients. Serum albumin can be used by the treating physician as a cost-effective tool and a marker for insulin reserve of the beta cell in an individual admitted with acute hyperglycemia, it can be used as a reliable indicator to identify those at risk to ketosis thereby to prevent and treat the dreaded diabetes related complications.

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“ Role of Pathya-Apathya in the management of Apathyanimittaja Prameha w.s.r to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ”

National Journal of Research in Ayurved Science ◽

10.52482/ayurlog.v8i04.668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Pooja R. Mane ◽

Swapnil Padte

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Medical Science ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Lifestyle Modifications ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

The Developed Countries

ABSTRACT : Diabetes Mellitus being a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology, shared the phenotype of hyperglycemia along with the disturbance of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism resulting from the defects in insulin secretion, action or both. It is one among the lifestyle disorders. Lifestyle disorders are the diseases which are associated with the way a person or group of people live. The incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is not only confined to the developed countries but the developing countries are also at high risk due to the increased westernization and also with the rapid economic development. In India, as the disease profile is changing rapidly, the situation is quite alarming. Modern medical science has achieved a tremendous development in anti-diabetics. Inspite of this,there is an increasing need for improving the overall health of an individual. Cost effective Ayurvedic lifestyle modifications can contribute towards preventing the burden of this disease. Ayurveda may prove to be effective in the management of Apathyanimittaja Prameha as it is very difficult to prescribe strict calculated calorie diet, so, it is better option to suggest among the traditional foods with possible modifications and this can contribute alot in prevention.

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PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AMID PATIENTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS- AT A TERTIARY LEVEL HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL INDIA

10.36106/ijsr/8623097 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 57-59

Author(s):

Hakimuddin Malvi ◽

Syed Maqsood Husain

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Central India ◽

P Value ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Level Hospital

Background: India has been recognized as the diabetes capital of the world by the year of 2025 Hypertension is a signicant danger factor for cardiovascular infection, stroke and ischemic coronary illness. Objective: The aim of this paper is prevalence of hypertension amid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus- at a tertiary level hospital in central India. Methods: Present work is hospital based cross-sectional study was conduct in Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal. The study population consisted of total 300 subjects. Data obtained directly from patients and patients medical les, and the following data were included in the study . Results: The results showed that the after using chi-square test we found that hypertension was signicantly higher p value(<0.05) among female patients (69%),patients with long duration diabetes (77%)10 years and more, also it was signicantly higher among patients with current smokers (69%). Conclusion: In this study the prevalence of hypertension is increasing in patient with T2DM. Hypertension was the most danger factor for micro vascular and macro vascular confusion of T2DM.

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Estimation of Aldose Reductase Activity and Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/1728 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 1001-1007

Author(s):

Sandeep Kumar ◽

Ajay Kumar ◽

Mohammad Mustufa Khan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Aldose Reductase ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

P Value ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient secretion or action of insulin.Elevated oxidative stress and diminished antioxidants may play an important role to develop T2DM and its complications. Aldose reductase (AR) enzyme plays a key role in the reduction of glucose to sorbitol by Polyol pathway. To estimate the AR activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and in patients with T2DM. In this case-control study, a total number of 60 subjects (30 T2DM and 30 age-matched controls) wererecruited.Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Post-Prandial blood sugar (PPBS), AR activity and MDA levels were estimated in all the subjects. The AR activity was estimated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) oxidation method. The plasma MDA levels were estimated by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method. For Statistical analysis, all the data were compared between the two groups by using unpaired t-test. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated among T2DM. A P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant for all data analyzed. The mean of FBS, PPBS, AR activity, and MDA levels were found significantly high in T2DM as compared to controls (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between FBS and PPBS among T2DM (r=0.71, P<0.01). However, There was no significant correlation found between AR activity and MDA level among T2DM (r=0.002, P>0.05). Results showed thatthe mean of FBS, PPBS, AR activity, and MDA levels were found significantly higher in T2DM than controls. There was no significant correlation found between AR activity and MDA level among T2DM.

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Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20181760 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 1691

Author(s):

Swapnil Jain ◽

C. L. Nawal ◽

Amandeep Singh ◽

Radhey Shyam Chejara ◽

Sagar Barasara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Background: Diastolic dysfunction in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus represents an earlier stage in the natural history of cardiomyopathy. This study was done to assess the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in recently diagnosed (<5yr) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Echocardiography and also to determine association of glycemic status (by HBA1c levels) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD).Methods: An observational descriptive study involving 100 diabetic patients, taken on first come first serve basis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. In all the subjects, other than routine investigations, HbA1c was estimated and echocardiography was done to evaluate LVDD.Results: Mean value of HbA1c in the study was 8.31+ 1.408 %. 63 out of 100 subjects had LVDD. There was significant positive correlation between HbA1c and LVDD (p value <0.001). As HbA1c increased, severity of LVDD increased. In this study, as BMI increased, HbA1c and LVDD increased & both findings were statistically significant (p value =0.001).Conclusion: Our study indicates that myocardial damage in patients with diabetes affects diastolic function before systolic function &higher HbA1C level is strongly associated with presence of LVDD. Patients should be advised strict control of diabetes in order to reduce the risk for developing LVDD which is a precursor for more advanced disease.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diastolic dysfunction, BMI, HbA1c

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A STUDY OF SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS CASES AND ITS COMPARISON WITH THE SERUM CREATININE LEVELS

10.36106/paripex/0302859 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20-22

Author(s):

Shajahan Shajahan ◽

Koneru Sri Lahari ◽

P. Kiranmai

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value

BACKGROUND:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a major non-communicable disease resulting from insulin resistance and is associated with cardiovascular,neurological and renal complications.Recent studies show association of hyperuricemia and Diabetes Mellitus.Uric acid increases oxidative stress that leads to vascular dysfunction and high intra glomerular pressure leading to renal complications.High serum creatinine is an indicator of renal compromise. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to find association between them. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted in Osmania general hospital. Fifty cases of established Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus formed the study group and 50 normal healthy individuals formed the control group. Serum uric acid, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS) and serum creatinine were estimated by colorimetric enzymatic methods on Beckman coulter AU5800.Mean values were compared in cases and controls using student t- test.Study group was further studied under 2 subgroups with serum Uric acid < 7 mg/dl and ≥7 mg/dl.In these 2 subgroups the association of Serum uric acid with FBS and creatinine was analysed statistically. RESULTS: Serum uric acid were found high in cases(7.63+/- 3.36)as compared to controls(4.48+/- 1.09) p value < 0.001.Serum creatinine were also high in cases(1.59+/- 1.39 )as compared to controls ( 0.87+/- 0.29) p value <0.005.Study subgroup with serum uric acid ≥7 mg/dl was associated with high creatinine and high fasting blood sugar levels when compared to subgroup with serum uric acid <7 mg/dl. CONCLUSION: Our study showed increased serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in cases when compared to controls.There was significant association between high serum uric acid and high creatinine levels in cases.Therefore,it is important to measure serum uric acid and serum creatinine levels in diabetics for early detection of renal pathology.

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The Relationship Of The Level Of Family Knowledge And Efforts To Prevent Complications Of Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 In The Working Area Of Babakan Public Health Center District Of Cirebon

Jurnal Kesehatan Mahardika ◽

10.54867/jkm.v8i1.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 14-19

Author(s):

Lukatul Khoiriyah ◽

Ramli Effendi ◽

Thia Oktiany

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Health Center ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Work Area ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Relationship

The level of family knowledge is a very important factor in the actions of families of people with Diabetes Mellitus, behavior based on knowledge will be easier to carry out than those not based on knowledge. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease that requires proper and immediate treatment efforts because it can cause complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, and damage to the nervous system. One way to overcome the effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is by applying a diet. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of family knowledge with efforts to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the work area of Babakan Puskesmas, Cirebon Regency. This research method uses descriptive correlational, this research uses cross section research. The population is all families with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the work area of Babakan Puskesmas in Cirebon Regency as many as 144 respondents and sampling using Purposive Sampling obtained 60 respondents. The instruments used were questionnaire sheets, and data analysis using chi-square test that is the significance value α = 0.1. The results of the above study indicate between the level of family knowledge and prevention of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in getting p-value = 0.04, because the p-value of 0.04 <0.1 then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which means there is a relationship between the level of family knowledge and prevention of complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the work area of Babakan Health Center, Cirebon Regency.

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The Correlation Of Self Efficacy With Coping Strategies On Patients Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Which Use Insulin In Waled Hospital Of Cirebon District

Jurnal Kesehatan Mahardika ◽

10.54867/jkm.v8i1.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Anisa ◽

Nonok Karlina ◽

Ahmad Syaripudin

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

District Hospital ◽

Rank Test ◽

P Value ◽

And Coping

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that has clinical signs and symptoms due to chronic declining function. Type 2 diabetes mellitus always increases every year as much as 9.3% of people. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are required to always be routine control, but patients with diabetes mellitus will experience stress caused by various stressors, to reduce these problems interventions need to provide self-efficacy to patients and coping strategies are also needed so that patients are able to adapt to their stress in order to create coping strategies the good one.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of self-efficacy with coping strategies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use insulin in the Polyclinic of Waled District Hospital Cirebon. This type of research uses descriptive correlational with cross sectional approach. Sampling using purposive sampling technique amounted to 34 respondents. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Analysis of data using rank test speraman.Place of research in Waled District Hospital Cirebon in July 2020. The results showed that most respondents' self-efficacy in the high category (58.8%) and coping strategies were mostly in the good category (61.8%). Spearman rank test results P value <a and r <1 then H0 = rejected means that there is a strong and positive relationship between self-efficacy and coping strategies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Polyclinic of Waled District Hospital Cirebon (P value = 0,000: a = 0 .05 r = 0.719). It is expected that nurses should provide more motivation and support to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and educate about the importance of coping strategies

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