scholarly journals Urban immunization: a story of meticulous policy implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2043
Author(s):  
Meena Kakeri ◽  
Rakesh Balaji Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Community Awareness ◽  
Full Immunization ◽  
Disease Free

Background: Vaccination of under 5 children is a crucial process for making child disease free against vaccine preventable diseases. Intensified mission Indradhanush focus on improving immunization coverage to ensure full immunization to more than 90% by December 2018 instead of earlier set target of 2020.Methods: This cross sectional study aimed to assess the full immunization and reasons for partial or no immunization in children less than two years of age in a metropolitan overcrowded area. Total 246 children were enrolled after applying complete enumeration method of sampling. Parents were interviewed by home to home visit and data recorded through immunization card/recall method.Results: 142 (87.65%) children were found fully immunized. The vaccine wise coverage was 100% for BCG, 95.1% for pentavalent and OPV third dose and 91.1% for measles vaccines. Father’s education was significantly associated with partial immunization. Fear, unawareness, H/O AEFI, inconvenient timings are the major reasons for partial immunization.Conclusions: The target of mission Indradhanush is to achieve 90% by December 2018 is on the verge of fulfillment in this study area. As the age of the child gets increases the adherence for subsequent vaccination decreases. Emphasis should be given on Fathers education and community awareness regarding importance of Vaccination.

scholarly journals 1398. Maternal Knowledge and Perceptions about Routine Immunisation in a Slum Area of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S708-S708
Author(s):  
Ghulam Mustafa ◽  
Abdul Mannan Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Immunisation ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Baseline Coverage

Abstract Background To know the baseline coverage and potential obstacles for children vaccination before starting a health awareness program. Methods A cross sectional study on immunization coverage in the slum area of Multan, Pakistan was conducted and a total of 312 mothers were interviewed face to face for Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions (KAP). Results Among the children less than 3 years, 33 % fully, 46 % partially and 21 % were not at all immunized. High levels of BCG and OPV zero rates (79%) and low rates of OPV3/DPT3 (48%) and measles (41%) vaccines were found. Majority of the mothers were satisfied with the program. Most of the mothers were aware about the importance of vaccination but were ignorant for the need to complete the schedule. There were many misconceptions and beliefs among the mothers of partial and unimmunized children. The majority were of view that vaccines contain ingredients that will make the children infertile. Conclusion There is a need to enhance the maternal knowledge about the vaccine preventable diseases and importance of completing the immunization schedule. Also the misconception about the vaccines need be specifically addressed. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals 1686. Maternal Knowledge and Perceptions about Routine Immunization in a Slum Area of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S617-S617
Author(s):  
Abdul Mannan Mustafa ◽  
Ghulam Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
Baseline Coverage

Abstract Background To know the baseline coverage and potential obstacles for children vaccination before starting a health awareness program. Methods A cross-sectional study on immunization coverage in the slum area of Multan, Pakistan was conducted and a total of 312 mothers were interviewed face to face for Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions (KAP). Results Among the children less than 3 years, 33% fully, 46% partially and 21% were not at all immunized. High levels of BCG and OPV zero rates (79%) and low rates of OPV3/DPT3 (48%) and measles (41%) vaccines were found. Majority of the mothers were satisfied with the program. Most of the mothers were aware about the importance of vaccination but were ignorant for the need to complete the schedule. There were many misconceptions and beliefs among the mothers of partial and unimmunized children. The majority were of view that vaccines contain ingredients that will make the children infertile. Conclusion There is a need to enhance the maternal knowledge about the vaccine-preventable diseases and importance of completing the immunization schedule. Also the misconception about the vaccines need be specifically addressed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Coverage evaluation of the universal immunization program in Imphal-East district of Manipur: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Dayananda Ingudam ◽  
Heisnam Kulabidhu Singh ◽  
Longjam Usharani Devi
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
Immunization Status ◽  
Birth Family ◽  
Full Immunization

Background: For the state of Manipur, the evaluated coverage among children as per NFHS-2, NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 were 42.3%, 46.8% and 65.9% respectively. But with the introduction of Mission Indradhanush in December 2014 which aimed in achieving the full immunization coverage to all eligible children over the next five years through special catch-up drives might have helped in improving the coverage. Hence, some improvement is expected by now. To ascertain the current status, the study was taken up. The current study was conducted to evaluate the primary vaccination coverage among children aged 12-23 months. The study also aimed to determine any association between important background characteristics with the vaccination status.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Imphal East District, Manipur during May 2017 to April 2020 among mothers having 12-23 months old children. 1,309 eligible study-women were selected by using multi-stage sampling technique. Data on their background characteristics, immunization status of the children and vaccination-related details were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule.Results: The full immunization rate among children was found to be 93%. There was significant association between the immunization status and important background characteristics like place of delivery, order of birth, family income and mother’s educational status.Conclusions: Present study indicated that the full immunization coverage of the district was higher than the national and regional coverage findings. Place of delivery, order of birth, family income and mothers’ low educational status were found to be significantly associated with full immunization coverage.

scholarly journals Determinants of Immunization Coverage and Associated Factors among Children aged under Two-Year-Old in the National Immunization Program of Mewat district, Haryana (2019-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-196
Author(s):  
Vishesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Universal Immunization Program ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Full Immunization

Background: Vaccination against childhood communicable diseases through Expanded Program on Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions. Additional 1.5 million child deaths can be prevented if global vaccination coverage is improved. Mewat district has one of India’s lowest immunization rates despite a long-standing Universal Immunization Program and continues to sustain a high prevalence of vaccine-preventable diseases. This study investigates determinants of immunization status among children aged 0-23 months. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to June 2020, among 800 children aged 0-23months, randomly selected in one rural and one urban ward each from all 4 blocks of Mewat. Socio-demographic conditions and vaccine-related data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Immunization was assessed by vaccination card and by mother’s recall where the card was unavailable. Results:Mewat has increased full immunization coverage from 13.1% in 2015-16 to 59.4%. Immunization card was available with 68.5% (292/426) beneficiaries. Dropout rates for Pentavalent1 to Pentavalent3 was 27.5% and 54% for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin to measles. After adjusting for the state of residence, religion, gender, paternal education, health professional presence during birth, place of vaccination and knowledge of mother on due dose were significantly associated with full immunization. Awareness gap and fear of side effects for vaccines were main reasons of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion: Full immunization coverage in the district is sub optimal and behind the desired coverage goal, mainly due to vaccine hesitancy. Enhancing community knowledge about the benefits of vaccination is recommended.

scholarly journals Multicentre descriptive cross-sectional study of Japanese home visit patients: reasons for encounter, health problems and multimorbidity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Kaneko ◽  
Kees Van Boven ◽  
Hiroshi Takayanagi ◽  
Tesshu Kusaba ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Reasons For Encounter

Abstract Background GP in Japan are encouraged to conduct home visits for older adults. However, most previous studies on home visits were based on secondary analyses of billing data that did not include reasons for the encounter. Objectives This study aimed to describe home visit care by GP in Japan, including reasons for encounter, health problems, episodes of care, comprehensiveness and multimorbidity. Methods This multicentre descriptive cross-sectional study used the International Classification of Primary Care, second edition, and was conducted in Japan from 1 October 2016 to 31 March 2017. Participants were patients who received home visits from 10 enrolled GPs working in urban and rural areas across Japan. The main outcome measures were reasons for encounter, health problems and multimorbidity. Results Of 253 potential patient participants, 250 were included in this analysis; 92.4% were aged 65 years and older. We registered 1,278 regular home visits and 110 emergency home visits. The top three reasons for encounters home visits were associated with cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders: prescriptions for cardiovascular diseases (n = 796), medical examination/health evaluation for cardiovascular diseases (n = 758) and prescriptions for gastrointestinal problems (n = 554). About 50% of patients had multimorbidity. Cardiovascular, endocrine and neuropsychological diseases were the most frequent problems in patients with multimorbidity. Conclusions The main reasons for encounter were prescriptions for chronic conditions. Emergency visits accounted for 8% of all visits. Around half of the patients had multimorbidity. This information may help GPs and policy makers to better assess home visit patients' needs.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF PARENT’S DECISIONS IN IMMUNIZING MEASLES RUBELLA (MR) VACCINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Devi Maya Arista ◽  
Dwiyanti Puspitasari ◽  
Sri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Logistic Regression Result ◽  
Cues To Action

AbstractBackground: The government’s effort to reduce measles and rubella transmission are by increasing MR immunization coverage. The immunization coverage was influenced by parent’s decisions. There were factors that related with parent’s decisions such as knowledge, perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, and cues to action. This study aimed to analyze factors  related with parent’s decisions in giving MR immunization. Methods: This was a cross sectional study using questionnaire among parents of children aged 10-30 months at working area of Kenjeran public health center, Surabaya. Data of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, and cues to action regarding MR immunization then analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression. Result: From 206 parents, 56.3% were giving MR immunization to their children. Parent’s knowledge (p=0.023; OR=18.08), perceived barrier (p=0.002; OR=46.79), and self-efficacy (p=0.033; OR=7.66) were related with parent’s decisions. Conclusion: Parent’s decisions in giving MR immunization was related with knowledge, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy. 

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