scholarly journals Psychological distress among adult urban population of Puducherry

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3265
Author(s):  
Murugan N. ◽  
Amit Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ramesh Chand Chauhan ◽  
Velavan A.
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Study Population

Background: A large proportion of population in the community with psychological distress goes unnoticed. This study was done to assess the psychological distress among adult population of an urban area of Puducherry.Methods: The study was conducted among 569 individuals of age 18 years and above. Systematic random sampling method was used to select the households in the study area and from each household one adult was randomly selected. The General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used to assess the psychological distress among the study participants.Results: Majority of the participants had low psychological distress (60.5%) followed by typical (19.3%), more than typical (10%), evidence of psychological distress (6.2%) & severe distress (4%). One-fifth (20.2%) of the participants had psychological distress which needs attention. The mental health status of the participants was significantly associated with the age, sex, marital status, religion and education (p<0.05).Conclusions: The psychological distress is a major public health problem in the study population. Focused interventions to improve the mental health of population are required to decrease the mental distress in the community. 

scholarly journals Psychological Distress Among General Adult Population Of Kathmandu Valley

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Devavrat Joshi ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
Kenison Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: A large proportion of the population in the community with psychological distress goes unnoticed. This study was done to assess the psychological distress among adult population of urban area of the Kathmandu Valley. Material And Method: The study was conducted among 280 individuals of age 18 years and above. Samples were conveniently selected from passersby in front of Mental Hospital, Lagankhel on World Mental health day 2018. The Nepali translated version of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) was used to assess the psychological distress among the study participants. Results: Majority of the participants had low psychological distress (62.86%) followed by typical (12.86%), more than typical (9.29%), evidence of psychological distress (5.71%) & severe distress (8.93%). 23.93% of the participants had psychological distress which needed attention. Conclusion: The psychological distress is a major public health concern in our study population. Focused interventions to improve the mental health of population are required to decrease the level of psychological distress among the general population.

scholarly journals Factors determining the knowledge related to tuberculosis in a rural community, a community based cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
C. Rajan Rushender ◽  
G. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
M. Logaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014.Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status.Conclusions: Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India. 

scholarly journals Healthcare use prior to suicide in the Stockholm County population 2011-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Narusyte ◽  
K Kosidou ◽  
C Dalman
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Stockholm County ◽  
Suicide Death ◽  
Death Registry ◽  
County Population ◽  
Study Population ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Suicide is a major public health problem. A detailed description of healthcare use prior to suicide can serve to improve prevention strategies. The aim of the study was to describe the patterns of primary, specialized outpatient, and inpatient healthcare use from two weeks and up to one year prior to suicide in Stockholm County. Methods The study population included all 15 year or older suicide victims who died in Stockholm County 2011-2016 (n = 1950) identified through National Cause of Death Registry. Data on number of visits and contacts with healthcare among suicide victims were obtained from VAL healthcare use registry in Stockholm County. Healthcare use was depicted from one year to up to two weeks prior to suicide death. Results Preliminary results showed that there were 65% and 57% of women and men, respectively, who had at least one contact with healthcare during the last two weeks before suicide death. Measured one year prior to suicide, there were 93% of women and 85% of men who had at least one contact with healthcare. Among those who had at least one contact with healthcare two weeks prior to suicide, there were 16% of women and 12% of men who were hospitalized, 55% of women and 47% of men who had a contact with specialized outpatient care, and 32% of women and 27% of men who had a contact with primary healthcare. The proportion of those who did not have any contact with healthcare during the six months prior to suicide decreased gradually with increasing age among men (23% at ages of 15-24 years old and 7% at ages of 65 and older). There were on average 7% of women in all age groups who did not have any contact with healthcare during the six months prior to suicide. Conclusions The majority of the suicide victims had a contact with healthcare during the last year prior to suicide death. The findings suggest that suicide prevention efforts may target improved tools for clinically-based risk assessment. Key messages The majority of the suicide victims had at least one contact with healthcare during the last year prior to suicide death. Those who did not have any contact with healthcare during six months prior to suicide were more likely to be young men.

Consequences of prenatal substance use

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitinart Sithisarn ◽  
Don T. Granger ◽  
Henrietta S. Bada
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Prenatal Substance Use

Abstract Background: Prenatal substance use is a major public health problem and a social morbidity, with consequences on the drug user and the offspring. Objective: This review focuses on the child and adolescent outcomes following in utero drug exposure. Methods: Studies on the effects of specific substances, legal and illegal; i.e., tobacco or nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, opiates, and methamphetamine were evaluated and analyzed. Results: In general, manifestations of prenatal exposure to legal and illegal substances include varying deficits in birth anthropometric measurements, mild-to-moderate transient neurobehavioral alterations in infancy and long-term behavioral problems noted from early childhood to adolescence. Severity of expression of behavioral problems is influenced by environmental factors. Further, behavioral alterations following in utero drug exposure often exist with mental health co-morbidities. Conclusion: Because of the long-term consequences of prenatal drug exposure on child and adolescent mental health, health providers need to promote substance use prevention, screen for exposure effects and provide or refer affected youths for intervention services. Preventive measures and treatment should consider other factors that may further increase the risk of psychopathology in the exposed children.

scholarly journals Prevalence of STHs (Soil transmitted helminthes) of school children in Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Md Mahamudur Rahman ◽  
Md Akram Hossain ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Paul ◽  
Salma Ahmed ◽  
Md Murshed Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Mcmaster Method

Soil transmitted helminthes (STHs) infections are common throughout the tropics and subtropics and represents a major public health problem in developing countries. The rate of STHs infection found in the present study was very high in comparison to other countries of this Subcontinent, though they are taking antihelmintics every 6 months interval under Government National Health Program. The present study was carried out to see the Prevalence of STHs infection among the school children in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of 500 stool samples from healthy individuals were collected during April, 2012 to February, 2013 from 20 schools comprising 10 rural and 10 urbans under Sadar upazila, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The samples were examined in the department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College using saline and iodine preparation microscopy and McMaster technique for the detection of ova of STHs.  The STHs prevalence irrespective of the age and sex of the individuals were 37.0% (185) out of 500 specimens where 68.0% (340/500) individuals were male represents the prevalence 38.0% (129/340) and 32.0% (160/500) individuals were female represents the prevalence 35.0% (56/160). Majority of the cases belonged to the age group >5-10 years 50.2% (251/500) of the total, constituted the prevalence 20.2% (101/500) of the total population and 40.2% (101/251) of the individual age group. The distribution of different STHs with their prevalence in the study population where Ascaris lumbricoides (AL) was 63.8% (118), Trichuris trichiura (TT) 37.3% (69), Enterobius vermicularis (EV) 8.1% (15), Ancylostoma duodenale (AD) 7.5% (14), and mixed infection was 15.1% (28). The upper socio-economic class constituted 5.0% (25/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 20.0% (5/25). The middle socio-economic class constituted 50.0% (250/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 37.2% (93/250) and the lower socio-economic class constituted 45.0% (225/500) of the total study population with the prevalence of 38.6% (87/225). The urban population constituted 34.0% (170/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 31.2 % (53/170) and rural population constituted 66.0% (330/500) of the total population representing the prevalence 40.0% (132/330).  In this study, STHs detection by McMaster method was satisfactory. Thereby, McMaster method could be adapted for rapid detection and quantification of STHs. Moreover, one more frequent administration of antihelmintics with close monitoring of drug administration may reduce the prevalence of STHs infection in Bangladesh. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 04-09

scholarly journals Evaluation of coverage of mass drug administration programme conducted in Nalgonda district of Telangana state

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5178
Author(s):  
Praveena Ganapa ◽  
Kishore Y. Jothula ◽  
Vishweswara Rao Guthi ◽  
P. Abhishek ◽  
V. Jyothi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Endemic District ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Coverage Rates

Background: Lymphatic filariasis has been a major public health problem in India. Government of India during 2004 initiated Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with annual single dose of DEC tablets to all the population living at the risk of filariasis. Nalgonda is endemic district where MDA programme is undertaken every year to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the coverage and compliance rates of the MDA programme conducted during January 2018.Methods: The guidelines of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) were used to select a total of 129 households from four clusters (three rural and one urban). Each household was visited by a team and data was recorded on pre-structured questionnaire available in operational guidelines manual of NVBDCP. Data analyzed by SPSS version 22.Results: Total of 129 households were included in the study, Among the 523 study population, only 494 were eligible population to receive MDA. Current study shows that coverage rate was 79.84% and compliance rate was 84.6%. Fear of side effects was most common reason for noncompliance.Conclusions: Efforts should be made to improve coverage rates by involving more human resources, supervision and incentives. Though compliance rates were higher than required there is need to maintain these rates by IEC activities and community participation. 

scholarly journals Mental health survey of the adult population in Iran

2004 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Noorbala ◽  
S. A. Bagheri Yazdi ◽  
M. T. Yasamy ◽  
K. Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
International Studies

BackgroundNo national data on the prevalence of mental disorders are available in Iran. Such information may be a prerequisite for efficient national mental health intervention.AimsTo determine the mental health status of a population sample aged 15 years and over.MethodThrough random cluster sampling, 35 014 individuals were selected and evaluated using the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire. A complementary semi-structured clinical interview was also undertaken to detect learning disability (‘mental retardation’), epilepsy and psychosis.ResultsAbout a fifth of the people in the study (25.9% of the women and 14.9% of the men) were detected as likely cases. The prevalence of mental disorders was 21.33% in rural areas and 20.9% in urban areas. Depression and anxiety symptoms were more prevalent than somatisation and social dysfunction. The interview of families by general practitioners revealed that the rates of learning disability epilepsy and psychosis were 1.4%, 1.2% and 0.6%, respectively Prevalence increased with age and was higher in the married, widowed, divorced, unemployed and retired people.ConclusionsPrevalence rates are comparable with international studies. There is a wide regional difference in the country, and women are at greater risk.

Prevalence and epidemiological associates of novel psychedelic use in the United States adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1058-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D Sexton ◽  
Michael S Crawford ◽  
Noah W Sweat ◽  
Allyson Varley ◽  
Emma E Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Illicit Use ◽  
Directed Research

Background: Novel psychedelics approximate classic psychedelics, but unlike classic psychedelics, novel psychedelics have been used by humans for a shorter period of time, with fewer data available on these substances. Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of novel psychedelic use and the associations of novel psychedelic use with mental health outcomes. Methods: We estimated the prevalence of self-reported, write-in lifetime novel psychedelic use and evaluated the associations of novel psychedelic use with psychosocial characteristics, past month psychological distress, and past year suicidality among adult respondents pooled from years 2008–2016 of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (weighted n=234,914,788). Results: A fraction (weighted n=273,720; 0.12%) reported lifetime novel psychedelic use. This cohort tended to be younger, male, and White, have greater educational attainment but less income, be more likely to have never been married, engage in self-reported risky behavior, and report lifetime illicit use of other drugs, particularly classic psychedelics (96.9%). (2-(4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine) (2C-B) (30.01%), (2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine) (2C-I) (23.9%), and (1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenyl)-2-aminoethane) (2C-E) (14.8%) accounted for the majority of lifetime novel psychedelic use. Although lifetime novel psychedelic use was not associated with psychological distress or suicidality compared to no lifetime novel psychedelic use or classic psychedelic use, relative to lifetime use of classic psychedelics but not novel psychedelics, lifetime novel psychedelic use was associated with a greater likelihood of past year suicidal thinking (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR)=1.4 (1.1–1.9)) and past year suicidal planning (aOR=1.6 (1.1–2.4)). Conclusion: Novel psychedelics may differ from classic psychedelics in meaningful ways, though additional, directed research is needed.

scholarly journals Parasite prevalence in a village in Burkina Faso: the contribution of new techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Fortunato ◽  
Barbara Castagna ◽  
Maria Rita Monteleone ◽  
Raffaela Pierro ◽  
Giuseppe Cringoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Stool Samples

Introduction: Parasites are a major public health problem in developing countries. A coproparasitological and immunoparasitological study was conducted in Burkina Faso, in the rural village of Touguri, in November and December 2011. The coproparasitologic analysis was conducted in the pediatric population and seroprevalence surveys were conducted in the adult population to research intestinal, blood, and helminth parasites. Methodology: The coproparasitologic study was performed on stool samples using two diagnostic methods – standard microscopy and the FLOTAC technique. The total of 49 stool samples analyzed were obtained from children between two months and eleven years of age. The serology study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of P. falciparum, Echinococcus spp., Tenia solium, and A. lumbricoides using different immunological techniques such as ELISA and Western Blot techniques. The study population included 85 adult patients between 15 and 70 years of age. Results: Results of coproparasitological analyses showed Hymenolepis nana as the only helminth found, in 28.6% of the total number of patients. Results of serological evaluation revealed a practically null prevalence of Echinococcus, Taenia solium, and Ascaris lumbricoides, and a 77.64% prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum. Conclusions: Despite the small number (especially in terms of coprological samples) of individuals examined, this study showed that the parasite prevalence in a rural area of Burkina Faso has a significant impact in the general population, particularly in children. Another finding was that FLOTAC had a higher sensitivity than the widely used ethyl ether-based concentration technique for coprological sample analysis.

Economic Recession and Mental Health Distress: Does Age Matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S171-S171
Author(s):  
D. Frasquilho ◽  
G. Cardoso ◽  
A. Ana ◽  
M. Silva ◽  
J.M. Caldas-de-Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Distress ◽  
Mental Health Distress

IntroductionThe association between economic crises and mental health problems can be attributed to a number of factors. Among these, age seems to be an important determinant.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess whether mental health of the Portuguese population following the onset of the 2008 recession, differs by age groups.MethodsA follow-up study (2015) on the population aged 18 to > 65 years old, using the National Mental Health Survey (n = 911). The age-group prevalence of mental health distress assessed by the ten-item Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was calculated using Chi2 statistics and mental distress as a categorical variable (P < 0.05).ResultsMean mental distress score differed significantly according to age group, χ2(3) = 10.684, P < = 0.05. The results showed that the older groups (50–64 and 65 = years old) were more frequently under mental distress (17–19%) compared to younger people (18–49 = years old), which were less likely to report being distressed (8–12%).ConclusionsAge seems to be an important determinant of distress levels during the economic crisis in Portugal. Older adults reported to be more distressed compared to younger individuals. There are several hypotheses for a differential expression of psychological distress between age groups such as working status and retirement, which can express differential access to coping resources under such contextual negative pressure of economic recession. Further research on age groups is thus needed to better understand how recession generates adverse effects on mental well-being.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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