scholarly journals An assessment of utilization of postnatal care services in urban area Jabalpur district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3660
Author(s):  
Dhruvendra Pandey ◽  
Priyanka Meshram ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Tiwari ◽  
P. K. Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Registration

Background: Postnatal period is a vulnerable time, because most maternal and new born deaths occur during this period, especially immediately after childbirth. Postnatal care in the first hours and days after childbirth could prevent the great majority of these deaths. The objective of study was to assess the utilization of post-natal care and associated factors for low utilization in urban area of Jabalpur district.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried 360 mothers who delivered in last one year in urban area of Jabalpur district. Sampling method was multistage sampling method. A total 36 wards with 10 mothers from each ward was selected. The questionnaire included information related to mode of delivery, post-natal checkups and visits of health care providers.Results: Among 360 mothers, 93.9% mothers received first postnatal check-up within 24 hrs. 1.11% of mothers between 2-3 days and 1.67% of mothers received first postnatal check-up between 4-7 days while 3.33% of mothers didn’t receive any postnatal check-up. Regarding number of post-natal visits, 58.33% mothers received 3 or more postnatal visits, 35% of mother received 2 PNC visits, while 3.3% did not receive a single postnatal visit. The education of mothers, joint type of family, high socioeconomic status, early registration of pregnancy, minimum 4 ANC visits and institutional deliveries were found significantly associated with utilization of postnatal check-up.Conclusions: Utilization of postnatal services is still poor in the urban areas even though the physical accessibility was adequate. In the present study, it was concluded that the role of education, especially of female education, is important contributing factor associated with utilization of postnatal care.

scholarly journals Knowledge on postnatal care among postpartum mothers during discharge in maternity hospitals in Asmara: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghirmay Ghebreigziabher Beraki ◽  
Eyasu H. Tesfamariam ◽  
Amanuel Gebremichael ◽  
Berhanemeskel Yohannes ◽  
Kessete Haile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Danger Sign ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Abstract Background The early postnatal period is a dangerous time for both mother and baby where morbidity and mortality are highly prevalent if proper care is not done. Post natal care (PNC) knowledge has significant role in reducing such complications. In this study, the knowledge of postpartum mothers on PNC and its determinants were determined. Methods A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in postpartum mothers (PpM) who attended all maternal delivery services in Asmara. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. All (n = 250) PpM who gave birth in December, 2017 were included in the study. Independent samples t-test and one way ANOVA were used to compare the scores in knowledge across categories of background characteristics using SPSS. Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed for variables that were found to be significant while using ANOVA tool. P-values less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Results The percentage of PpM who cited vaginal bleeding, as a maternal danger sign, and fever, as a baby danger sign, were 83.2 and 58.8%, respectively. The majority (96%) of PpM responded the correct answer on where to go if they note any danger signs. In addition, more than nine tenth of PpM correctly identified injectable contraceptives (92.7%) and oral contraceptive (91.5%). The percentages of knowledge in recognizing the necessary nutrients ranged from 87.6% for carbohydrates to 46% for minerals. The percentages of correct knowledge regarding first baby bath, frequency of breast feeding, umbilical care, duration of exclusive breast feeding, need and purpose of vaccine were 40.1, 81.9, 77.4, 94.8, and 99.2% respectively. The mean PNC knowledge score was 24.89/60. The score of knowledge on postnatal care was found to significantly differ across the categories of residence (p < 0.001) and ethnicity (p = 0.015). An increasing trend of knowledge score was observed with increase in age group (p < 0.001), educational level (p = 0.021), gravida (p < 0.001) and para (p < 0.001). Conclusion Considerable gaps in knowledge regarding postnatal care among postpartum mothers were evident. Special attention should be laid on rural residents, single/living together, junior/below in educational level, primigravida/para, non-Tigrigna ethnicity, and 17 to 25 years old mothers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Secondhand Smoking Exposure Among Pregnant and Postnatal Chinese Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUAN YANG ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Haixin Bo ◽  
Dongying Zhang ◽  
Liangkun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secondhand Smoking ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Postnatal Women

Abstract BackgroundInhalation of secondhand smoke during pregnancy and postnatal period is detrimental to developing infants and increases risk for health problems throughout the lifespan. This study examined the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke, its correlates, and its association with QOL among pregnant and postnatal Chinese women.MethodsThis multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted between February and October 2019 in China. Participants were pregnant and postnatal women. We assessed associations of frequency and location of secondhand smoking with sample characteristics as well as depression and quality of life based on EPDS and WHOQOL-BREF, respectively.ResultsA total of 992 women participated in the study, of whom, 211 (21.3%, 95%CI=18.7-23.8%) had been exposed to secondhand smoking. Secondhand smoking was most common in public areas (56.4%), and residential homes (20.5%), while workplaces had the lowest rate of secondhand smoking (13.7%). Women with physical comorbidities were more likely to report secondhand smoking exposure, while younger women, women living in urban areas, and those with college or higher education level were less likely to report exposure to secondhand smoking.ConclusionThe prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoking is becoming lower among pregnant and postnatal women in China compared to findings reported in previous studies. Due to the detrimental impact of secondhand smoking on physical health, legal legislation should be promptly enforced to establish smoke-free environments in both public and private urban/rural areas for protection of pregnant and postnatal women, especially those who are physically vulnerable and less educated.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Utilization of Complete Postnatal Care Service in Baglung Municipality, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Chhetri ◽  
Rajani Shah ◽  
Laxmi Rajbanshi
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Postnatal period is six weeks after birth. It is critical but is the most neglected period. A large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during 48 hours following childbirth. The utilization of the recommended three postnatal checkups within seven days after delivery, which plays a vital role in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths, is low in Nepal. Objective. This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the utilization of complete postnatal care (PNC) among mothers. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 318 mothers in wards 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Baglung municipality, Nepal. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis and comparison of characteristics of women/families with complete vs. partial postnatal checkups using multivariable logistic regression were done. Results. Among 314 respondents receiving at least one PNC, 78% had partial and 22% had complete PNC. Relatively advantaged caste/ethnicity- Brahman/Chhetri (aOR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.24-8.12) and Janajati (aOR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.09-7.53) - compared to Dalits, husbands working as a job holder in Nepal (aOR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.50-8.13), and delivery in a private hospital (aOR=11.4, 95% CI: 5.40-24.2) were associated with having complete PNC. Conclusion. Although PNC attendance at least once was high, utilization of complete PNC was low. More focus to mothers from disadvantaged caste/ethnicity, those whose husbands are in foreign employment, and improvement in quality of care in government health facilities may increase the use of complete PNC.

scholarly journals Factors influencing women's knowledge at scheduled postnatal visits: a multi-centre study in Kakamega, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Charles Kiragu ◽  
Justus SO Osero ◽  
Anthony K Wanyoro
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Postnatal Mothers

Background/aims Postnatal care is offered to mothers and their babies from birth and across the postnatal period. Visits are spread over the postnatal period, and a minimum of four visits is recommended. In many studies, postnatal visits in Africa have been reported to be low compared to antenatal visits. As a result of low postnatal visits, mothers are not able to utilise postnatal care services, resulting in delayed detection of and interventions for maternal and neonatal health problems, leading to high rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. In Kenya, only 53% of mothers attend postnatal clinics; in Kakamega county, only 34% of mothers attend. This study aimed to establish factors influencing postnatal knowledge among mothers in selected hospitals in Kakamega, Kenya. Methods The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 320 postnatal mothers recruited from four sub-counties. Systematic sampling was used to select eligible study participants. Data were collected using questionnaires that assessed the participants' knowledge of postnatal care in terms of what postnatal care is, recommended postnatal care, when to attend a clinic and the services offered at postnatal care clinics. The data were entered into a database and analysed using the Chi-squared test to assess how sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics were associated with knowledge of postnatal care. Results The majority of participants (73.1%) had poor or no knowledge of postnatal care and 89.7% had poor or no knowledge on when postnatal visits should be carried out. Most postnatal mothers (71.9%) received postnatal health information from health workers. Occupation (P<0.000), income (P<0.000), transport (P<0.000) and time taken to travel to hospital (P=0.034) were significantly associated with postnatal knowledge. Conclusions Knowledge on postnatal care is poor among postnatal mothers in Kakamega. The majority of participants obtained postnatal care information from health workers, and so it is recommended that Kakamega establishes other strategies for giving information on postnatal care, such as pamphlets to mothers.

scholarly journals Utilization of postnatal care services in a rural area of Nalgonda district, Telangana state, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3131
Author(s):  
K. Jahnavi ◽  
Abhay Subhashrao Nirgude ◽  
Kondagunta Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Post Natal Care ◽  
Geographical Accessibility

Background: Promoting women’s health improves not only individual health but also the health of the family, community and the nation. Less attention was given for postnatal period in developing countries; women and their newborns don’t receive postnatal care services from a skilled birth attendant during the first days after childbirth. The objective was to study utilization of postnatal care services by recently delivered mothers, to study the geographical accessibility factors influencing utilization of postnatal care services and to study healthcare provider factors influencing utilization of post natal care services.Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study conducted in Cherlapally and villages around, which constitute the rural field practice area of Department of SPM, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally Telangana from September 2012 to October 2014. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data was compiled and analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: Accordingly, 97.9% of the mothers received postnatal care and 2.7% mothers didn’t receive the postnatal care. In the present study post natal advice was received by 67.8%, 82.2% and 55.1% of mothers regarding family planning, breast feeding and baby care respectively. Majority (79.9%) of mothers travelled greater than 5 kms for delivery and only 20.1% of mothers travelled less than 5 kms for delivery.Conclusions: Number of institutional deliveries and deliveries assisted by skilled health personnel were more compared to other studies probably because of awareness created during antenatal visits, maternity benefit scheme and role of ASHA workers.

scholarly journals Factors associated with low knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in subnormal agglomerate, in the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira ◽  
Ingrid Saraiva de Oliveira ◽  
Wanne Letícia Santos Freitas ◽  
Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho Lira ◽  
Renata Karina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Programmatic Factors

Abstract Background: Populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban areas are more vulnerable to infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In these groups, inadequate knowledge about sexually transmitted infections can further increase the risk of contracting STIs. Aim: We investigated the factors associated with low knowledge about STIs in a peripheral population in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Belém, in the Amazon region that has a high percentage of subnormal agglomerates in an urban area and a high incidence of STIs. Random sampling was adopted which resulted in a sample of 320 participants. To assess knowledge about STIs, the self-administered Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire was used. To assess aspects of vulnerability, a questionnaire was constructed which is linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. The chi-square test, G test, and ordinal regression analyses were all performed. Findings: The sample of this study was composed of 320 participants. The mean age of the participants was 46.09 years. 37.5% (120), 50.6% (162), and 11.9% (38) showed low, medium, and high knowledge, respectively. Multiple analysis revealed that the factors associated with higher chance of having smaller knowledge about sexually transmitted infections were single/separated/divorced/widow(er) marital status (AOR: 1.80, CI: 1.15-2.84, P = 0.01); income equal to or less than one minimum wage (1.98, CI: 1.21-3.17, P = 0.00); equal to or over than 52 years old (AOR: 1.99, CI: 1.25-3.17, P = 0.00); lack of guidance by a health professional (AOR: 1.59, CI: 1.01-2.51, P = 0.04). Our results show that this community suffer from suboptimal levels of knowledge on STIs, which are linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. Characterising the risk and vulnerabilities factors allows for carrying out appropriate interventions for populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban area.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Contraceptive Methods among Eligible Couples in an Urban Area of Chennai - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
K. R. Deepak Avinash ◽  
S. Suganthi ◽  
E. Venmathi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Rapid population expansion is putting a strain on many developing countries' resources, especially in India. Optimal fertility management enables women and men to avoid and achieve conception and parenthood when desired. India launched officially Family Planning Programme way back in 1952 to address these issues, yet its goals were far from achieving facing stern obstacles in many forms. Surveys and studies by individual authors to find out the prevalence of contraceptive use and their determinants have been conducted in various parts of India. However, the contraceptive prevalence is not uniform across India. The aim of the study is to estimating the prevalence of contraception usage among eligible couples and to assess the factors associated with contraception usage. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among married eligible couples living in the urban area named Semencheri in Chennai. It was carried out for a period of 4 months from 2ndApril to 5th of July 2019. The study population consisted of eligible married couples with female partner of age between 15 to 49yrs of age married for at least 2 year, and having minimum one child, Based on the results of a pilot study the sample size was calculated and estimated to be 120, structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Results: The prevalence of contraception was only 63.3% though 92.5% of couples studied were aware of the contraceptive methods, the factors like education of either of the couple and mode of delivery of the previous child were significantly associated with contraception usage. Conclusion: Even though the use of contraception has increased among couples, still there is an unmet need for contraception, in spite of increased education qualification and knowledge about contraceptive methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of initiation and establishment of lactation among primiparous mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Priyanka Karande ◽  
Potdar DB ◽  
Kshirsagar VY
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
One Year

Breastfeeding the infants within one hour of birth can reduce infant mortality. Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding among women is essential when promoting optimal breastfeeding practices. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate initiation and establishment of lactation, level of knowledge and attitude, and actual practices of breastfeeding among postnatal primigravida mothers. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 postnatal primigravida mothers for one year. Mothers were interviewed and their socio-demographic details and data on time of initiation of prelacteal feeds, number of times of feeding per day, and breastfeeding duration were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Proper counseling on breastfeeding practices including initiation and establishment of lactation was provided on the basis of the responses to the questionnaire. Pre- and post-counseling scores were interpreted and compared for all the primiparous mothers. The association between variables was examined using t-test. P-value of <0.0001 was considered statistically significant. Remarkable improvement in the post-counseling test scores was observed in terms of education, age, residence, religion, mode of delivery, weight, occupation, type of family, and sex of the baby (p<0.0001). A significant improvement was noted in mothers with more than 12th grade level of education and those who were from nuclear families and resided in urban areas (p<0.0001). Knowledge of initiation and establishment of lactation improved in primiparous mothers. Counseling improved the attitude towards lactation in all the primiparous mothers. Hence, wherever possible, relevant health programs on the awareness of timely breastfeeding should be initiated in future for all primiparous mothers.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Caries and Associated Risk Factors in a Representative Group of Preschool Children from an Urban Area with High Income in Milan Province, Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3372
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nota ◽  
Atanaz Darvizeh ◽  
Jasmina Primožič ◽  
Federica Onida ◽  
Floriana Bosco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Income ◽  
Dental Visit ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

The present survey provides a quantitative assessment of caries prevalence, covering a group of 3–5 year-old children from an urban area generally with a high income in the province of Milan, and a comparison of the obtained results with the data presented by the W.H.O. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the period from March to September 2018 to investigate the prevalence of caries in a sample of 160 children (82 females and 78 males). The absence/presence of caries was defined as a dependent variable. Factors concerning lifestyle, diet, oral habits, oral hygiene, the presence and type of malocclusion and mouth breathing attitude were considered as risk factors. Data were analyzed by Chi-square (χ2) and regression tests using SPSS (version 25.0) software. In total, 84.38% of children (135 out of 160) showed no caries. A regression analysis demonstrated that children who had already received an early first dental visit were mostly those already affected by caries. Furthermore, children who had four meals daily or more were less exposed to the risk of developing caries compared to those who had only 1–3 meals daily. The caries prevalence of preschool children from urban areas with a high income in Milan province is relatively close to that considered acceptable by the W.H.O. in its proposed goals for the year 2020. Therefore, it can be concluded from the obtained results that there is a possibility for further improvement in preventing caries growth at its initial stage: it is necessary for the number of meals daily consumed by children to be controlled by parents, and conducting a dental visit early in childhood must not be neglected.

Postnatal Care Services Utilization in Bharatpur Sub Metropolitan City, Chitwan, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Niki Shrestha ◽  
Binita Tiwari ◽  
Suneel Piryani ◽  
Gayatri Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
One Year

 Background: Postnatal period is a critical phase in the lives of mothers and newborn infants. 2.9 million neonatal deaths occur in the first week of life on an annual basis globally. In Nepal, the level of postnatal care coverage remains low despite the efforts and research on factors influencing the Post-natal care (PNC) services utilization is limited. Hence this study was conducted to explore the predictors of PNC utilization among mothers who had under one-year child. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bharat­pur Sub Metropolitan city, Chitwan among mothers having a child of less than one year age. Data was collected through face-to-face interview using inter­view-schedule. Descriptive (frequency and percentage), Bivariate (Chi-squre) and Multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were performed. Results: This study showed that the proportion of recommended PNC servic­es utilization is low in comparison with those utilizing ANC services in Nepal. The percentage of women attending all the three recommended PNC visits was only 17.5%. The utilization of PNC services was associated with mother’s educational status, parity, place of PNC services received and awareness about PNC services. The mode of delivery, danger signs seen in postnatal mothers, and danger signs seen in newborn were statistically significantly associated with PNC services utilization. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest context specific evidence which might be taken into consideration while planning to develop new poli­cies to increase PNC utilization.

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