scholarly journals Assessment of initiation and establishment of lactation among primiparous mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 518-523
Author(s):  
Priyanka Karande ◽  
Potdar DB ◽  
Kshirsagar VY
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
One Year

Breastfeeding the infants within one hour of birth can reduce infant mortality. Knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding among women is essential when promoting optimal breastfeeding practices. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate initiation and establishment of lactation, level of knowledge and attitude, and actual practices of breastfeeding among postnatal primigravida mothers. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 postnatal primigravida mothers for one year. Mothers were interviewed and their socio-demographic details and data on time of initiation of prelacteal feeds, number of times of feeding per day, and breastfeeding duration were collected using semi-structured questionnaires. Proper counseling on breastfeeding practices including initiation and establishment of lactation was provided on the basis of the responses to the questionnaire. Pre- and post-counseling scores were interpreted and compared for all the primiparous mothers. The association between variables was examined using t-test. P-value of <0.0001 was considered statistically significant. Remarkable improvement in the post-counseling test scores was observed in terms of education, age, residence, religion, mode of delivery, weight, occupation, type of family, and sex of the baby (p<0.0001). A significant improvement was noted in mothers with more than 12th grade level of education and those who were from nuclear families and resided in urban areas (p<0.0001). Knowledge of initiation and establishment of lactation improved in primiparous mothers. Counseling improved the attitude towards lactation in all the primiparous mothers. Hence, wherever possible, relevant health programs on the awareness of timely breastfeeding should be initiated in future for all primiparous mothers.

scholarly journals An assessment of utilization of postnatal care services in urban area Jabalpur district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3660
Author(s):  
Dhruvendra Pandey ◽  
Priyanka Meshram ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Tiwari ◽  
P. K. Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Registration

Background: Postnatal period is a vulnerable time, because most maternal and new born deaths occur during this period, especially immediately after childbirth. Postnatal care in the first hours and days after childbirth could prevent the great majority of these deaths. The objective of study was to assess the utilization of post-natal care and associated factors for low utilization in urban area of Jabalpur district.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried 360 mothers who delivered in last one year in urban area of Jabalpur district. Sampling method was multistage sampling method. A total 36 wards with 10 mothers from each ward was selected. The questionnaire included information related to mode of delivery, post-natal checkups and visits of health care providers.Results: Among 360 mothers, 93.9% mothers received first postnatal check-up within 24 hrs. 1.11% of mothers between 2-3 days and 1.67% of mothers received first postnatal check-up between 4-7 days while 3.33% of mothers didn’t receive any postnatal check-up. Regarding number of post-natal visits, 58.33% mothers received 3 or more postnatal visits, 35% of mother received 2 PNC visits, while 3.3% did not receive a single postnatal visit. The education of mothers, joint type of family, high socioeconomic status, early registration of pregnancy, minimum 4 ANC visits and institutional deliveries were found significantly associated with utilization of postnatal check-up.Conclusions: Utilization of postnatal services is still poor in the urban areas even though the physical accessibility was adequate. In the present study, it was concluded that the role of education, especially of female education, is important contributing factor associated with utilization of postnatal care.

scholarly journals Mother's knowledge and attitudes towards Visual Acetate Acid Inspection test in Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dini Mei Widayanti ◽  
Mochammad Bagus Qomaruddin ◽  
Dedi Irawandi
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in Indonesia is still high due to the poor awareness of married women about the necessity to check themselves with a pap smear/IVA test for early detection and possible cure. The implementation of the IVA examination still experiences obstacles due to lack of knowledge and fear. Design and Methods: This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of mothers with IVA test, using the analytical and cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from mothers that visited the family planning section of the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Center. Out of a total of 184 mothers, 126 samples were chosen by purposive sampling technique. Results: The results showed that 59.5% of respondents had scarce knowledge on IVA tests, 66.7% had unsupportive attitudes towards it, and 54.8% were not willing to carry out the tests. This study explains that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude with a P-value of 0.000.Conclusions: In conclusion, various factors influence the participation of IVA examination, namely lack of knowledge, inability to access information, and fear.

Sexual behavior of in-school adolescents in Osun State, Southwest Nigeria: a comparative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedayo O. Sabageh ◽  
Adesegun O. Fatusi ◽  
Donatus Sabageh ◽  
Joel A. Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Sex ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Counterpart

Abstract Objectives: The sexual and reproductive health of adolescents is of utmost importance in many nations (especially in developing countries). Sexual behavior varies from location to location and the outcome (when negative) creates great concerns mainly due to the consequential impact on health and development. This study aimed at comparing sexual behavior of in-school adolescents in rural and urban areas of Osun state. Methods: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted. A total of 760 in-school adolescents were recruited using multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered after ethical considerations. Data were analysed and p-value was placed at 0.05. Results: A total of 380 rural and 380 urban adolescents participated in this study with a mean age of 14.90±2.44 and 14.34±2.31 years, respectively. About one-fifth (20.1%) had experienced their first sex (66% of rural and 34% of urban). The mean age at first sex was 14.05 years±2.3 years (13.89±2.3 years for rural and 14.37±2.3 years for urban). Only 76 (49.7%) sexually experienced respondents had used condom in the past (45.5% of rural, 57.7% of urban). Half of the urban respondents used condom during their first sex while only a quarter of their rural counterparts had done so (p=0.003). Conclusion: Sexual behavior was commoner among the rural respondents than their urban counterpart. There is an urgent need for sexuality education especially among rural adolescents in the study area.

The effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparedness course on labor duration and outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Yohai ◽  
Debi Alharar ◽  
Ruthi Cohen ◽  
Zohar Kaltian ◽  
Barak Aricha-Tamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Childbirth Experience ◽  
Labor Duration ◽  
Entire Duration

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of attending a prenatal childbirth preparation course (CPC) on labor duration and outcomes.Methods:A cross sectional study of 53 primiparous women who attended and 54 women who did not attend a CPC was conducted. The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) score was used to diagnose anxiety. Clinical and obstetrical data were collected from the perinatal database of our center. Through post-partum interviews, coping strategies were assessed, patients graded their childbirth experience and breastfeeding was evaluated. Data were analyzed using description analyses and a P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The STAI score was significantly lower in the study group compared with controls (P=0.025). The first stage and the entire duration of labor were significantly shorter (P=0.036 and P=0.026, respectively) in women who attended the CPC. No significant differences were found with regard to the mode of delivery, rate of episiotomy, use of analgesics and neonatal outcomes between the groups. Women in the study group rated their labor experience significantly higher (P=0.016) and exhibited significantly higher rates of breastfeeding (P<0.001) than controls.Conclusions:The knowledge acquired in the CPC has positive effects on the course of labor and delivery outcomes as well as higher rates of breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Pattern of Poisoning in Children under the Age of 15 Admitted to the Referral Teaching Hospitals of Yazd and Taft Cities (2014-2019)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Momayyezi ◽  
Parisa Peigan ◽  
Hossein Fallahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Understanding the epidemiological pattern and causes of poisoning is the first step to prevent and reduce complications and mortality due to poisoning in children. Given that no study has been conducted on this subject in Yazd, this study aimed to determine the epidemiology pattern of poisoning in children admitted to the referral teaching hospitals in Yazd and Taft cities during 2014-2019. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 238 children under the age of 15 who have been admitted to Shahid Sadoughi hospital in Yazd and Shahid Beheshti hospital in Taft city during 2014-2019. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0 using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and Chi-square. In all the statistical analyses, a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results showed that the frequency of poisonings was higher in girls (58%), in summer (31.1%), and in urban areas (82.8%). Most cases of poisoning aged less than 15 years (75.1%). The main cause of poisoning in children was drug poisoning (60.5%), followed by cleansing products (10.1%). The most common clinical manifestations included neurological signs (33.6%). During 2014-2019, the frequency of drugs and pesticide poisonings decreased; while poisoning due to drug-opioids and cleansing products increased (P = 0.04). Also, 3 deaths occurred due to poisoning during this period. Conclusion: The higher prevalence of drug and cleansing products poisoning in children under the age of 15 indicates involuntary poisoning in this group. Therefore, proper storage of these substances and more parental care can reduce poisonings in children.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Knowledge and Preparedness among Dental Community to Confront COVID 19—A Multicentric Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Nada Faleh Almutairi ◽  
Amani Abdullah Almaymuni ◽  
Julie Toby Thomas ◽  
Toby Thomas ◽  
Abdullah Almalki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
One Year

The healthcare policy changes need to be updated for better management of the COVID-19 outbreak; hence, there is an urgent need to understand the knowledge and preparedness of healthcare workers regarding the infection control COVID-19. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the knowledge and preparedness towards COVID-19 among dentists, undergraduate, and postgraduates in dental universities one year after the COVID-19 outbreak. The multi-centric cross-sectional study was conducted by evaluating 395 structured, pre-coded, and validated questionnaires obtained from sample units comprising full-time dental students (undergraduates, interns, and postgraduates) and dentists who were currently in practice and who were able to comprehend the languages English or Arabic. The first part of the questionnaire included questions related to demographic characteristics. The second part of the survey consisted of questions that address knowledge concerning COVID-19. The third part of the survey addressed questions based on the preparedness to fight against COVID-19 including sharp injuries during this period. Comparing the knowledge scores of dentists, dental undergraduates, and postgraduates using the ANOVA test, dentists have higher knowledge and preparedness scores than postgraduates and undergraduates (p-value < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that undergraduates and postgraduates were 2.567 and 1.352 times less aware of the personal protective measures against COVID-19 than dentists, respectively. Dentists had the comparatively better perception in knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 than undergraduates and postgraduates.

scholarly journals Association between Smoking and Academic Performance among Under-Graduate Students of Pakistan, A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Siham Sikander ◽  
Mudassar Mushtaq Jawad Abbasi ◽  
Syed Aftab Rahim ◽  
Babar Hayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Prevalence of smoking is on the rise and its harmful effects on every organ of body are well known. Smoking is a growing concern due to adverse effects on health, its association with academic performance is not well studied. Objectives This study aims to assess the prevalence of smoking among undergraduate students of age 18-24 years in a public sector university of Islamabad, association between smoking and academic performance and also to assess the reasons of smoking initiation among undergraduate students. Methods The study included 500 undergraduate students. A self-report structured questionnaire was used to assess smoking, dietary habits, physical activity, parent’s smoking, friend’s smoking, time spent on mobile and TV and academic performance for collection of data. Logistic regression was used for association between smoking and academic performance. Results Results of study show that 112/500 (22.4%) students were smokers among them 93/112 (34.6%) were males and 19/112 (8.2%) were females. The mean age of study participants was 21.50 years (SD: 1.72. Prevalence of smoking was higher in students belonging to rural areas 23.5% to that of urban areas 21.9%. Three major reasons of smoking initiation; 25% students stated peers and friends, 21% stated easy availability while 14% said it was fun and enjoyment they started smoking. High academic performance was found to be inversely proportional to student’s smoking; at p-value 0.000 smokers had 2.5 (1.77, 3.74) odds of lower academic performance, boys having 2.17 (1.56, 3.03) odds of lower academic performance in last semester exams. Conclusion Findings highlighted extensive cigarette smoking among undergraduate students of Islamabad. Smoking is significantly and negatively associated with academic performance.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES REGARDING ETHICAL AND MEDICOLEGAL ISSUES IN HANDLING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AMONG RESIDENT DOCTORS AT ZAINOEL ABIDIN HOSPITAL, ACEH, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (38) ◽  
pp. 62-84
Author(s):  
Taufik SURYADI ◽  
Hijra Novia SUARDI ◽  
Hanifah ZAIN ◽  
Zinatul HAYATI ◽  
Budi YANTI
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Medicolegal Issues

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world to become a pandemic, making the entire health sector overwhelmed. Hospitals as health service facilities continuously strive to provide optimal service to patients with the confirmed COVID-19 infection. Resident doctors usually handle COVID-19 patients at the Zainoel Abidin Hospital (ZAH). As the front liner in handling the COVID-19 pandemic, these resident doctors must have adequate knowledge and good attitudes in dealing with COVID-19 patients, especially regarding ethical and medicolegal. Aim: This study aims at finding out the level of knowledge and attitudes of resident doctors in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic at the ZAH, Aceh. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among resident doctors (n=80) in the ZAH during November-December 2020 with a self-administered online questionnaire. It had been tested for validity by experts with a Content Validity Ratio / CVR of 0.738 and reliability of 0.732. The data were analyzed using the frequency distribution test (univariate) and the Chi square correlation test (bivariate). Results and Discussion: The results show that the majority of respondents had inadequate knowledge of ethical and medicolegal issues in handling the COVID-19 pandemic (70.0%); however, they had a positive attitude in overcoming ethical and medicolegal issues, i.e.77.5%. The chi square statistical test result shows no correlation between knowledge and attitude with a p-value of 0.077 (p-value >0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that the theoretical knowledge of doctors was not sufficient to identify ethical and medicolegal issues, but the attitude in dealing with ethical and medicolegal issues was satisfactory. This result offers a new opportunity and challenge to increase the awareness of doctors in applying their knowledge and attitudes towards handling the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Physicians and communities knowledge and awareness about new vaccines in immunization program: A study to derive lesson for increasing uptake

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lahariya ◽  
J Khandekar ◽  
AS Vachher ◽  
SK Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
New Vaccines

Background: The knowledge, attitude of physicians about any interventions has effect on the practices while the perceptions about such intervention by caregivers have impact on the acceptance in community.   Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of physicians and perception of the caregivers about new vaccines, and to identify the solutions to address the knowledge gap, if any.   Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted a major city of India from Sept 2006-Jan 2007. 107 physicians and 298 caregivers were interviewed using a pre-tested semi structured interview schedule. The data so collected was analyzed using chi square test and proportions. P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.   Results: It was found that only 3/5th physicians were aware that typhoid vaccination was part of the immunisation program. The knowledge about all the aspects of typhoid was poor amongst physicians in comparison of other vaccine (Hepatitis B) in the immunisation program. Physicians at private health facilities had poor knowledge than those working at government health facilities. However, majority of the physicians had positive attitude towards typhoid vaccination. All the caregivers had heard about typhoid disease and 39.8% about the vaccine also. Almost 80% of them were ready to pay for typhoid vaccination. Conclusions: The study underlines the need for special efforts to increase the awareness about typhoid vaccination amongst these groups to increase the uptake of the vaccine. Key words: Child Health; Hepatitis B, India; Newer vaccines; Typhoid DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i1.3222 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 1, Issue 29, 51-56

Determinants of long acting reversible contraceptive Utilization in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia-results from institutional based cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asteray Assmie Ayenew ◽  
amlaku mulat a ◽  
toyiba hiyaru m
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives

Abstract Background: Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa. Now a day, Adolescent sexual activity, unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, high maternal mortality and poverty has become a major issue in Ethiopia. The prevalence of contraceptive utilization is slanted to short acting. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from public health facility in Bahir Dar City from April 1 to 30/2018. systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants and allocated to each public health institution proportionally. Data entry and analysis was made by using Epi info version 7 and SPSS versions 23 respectively. The association between the independent and outcome variables was first computed using bivariate analysis, p-value ≤0.25 was included into multivariable analysis. Finally, multivariable analyses were carried out with p-value≤ 0.05. Result: The overall utilization of long acting reversible contraception was 18.4%. Among the variables, desired number of children, women wish to have 0-3 number of children were 2.4times more likely to use long acting reversible contraceptives compared to those who want to have more than 4 children with (AOR=2.4:95%CI:1.22-4.8). Similarly, having good knowledge were found positively associated with long acting reversible contraceptive those who had good knowledge were 3 times (AOR=3:95%CI:1.52-5.9) more likely to utilize than those who had poor knowledge and also , favourable attitude were found to be positively associated with long acting reversible contraceptive methods utilization, women who had favourable attitude were 4.9 times more likely to utilize (AOR=4.9:95%CI:2.26-10.6) than those women’s who had unfavourable attitude. Conclusion: Utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive is low. Desired number of children, knowledge and attitude were determinant factors identified. So, Health education on long acting reversible contraceptives focusing on increasing women’s knowledge and attitude directed to women of reproductive age

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