scholarly journals Do beverage workers in Enugu state Nigeria comply with health safety measures? A cross sectional study of two breweries

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2880
Author(s):  
Uche Enuma Ezeoke ◽  
John Basco Emmanual Mamah ◽  
Anne Chigedu Ndu ◽  
Chinyere Ojiugo Mbachu ◽  
Chinyere Cecilia Okeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Workplace Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Safety Devices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enugu State

Background: Some workplace accidents happen because workers fail to do their work in the safest possible way. Human beings have an innate desire to be safe, and their commitment to maintaining safe work environment is imperative for occupational health. However, employees’ contributions to workplace accident and injury is underexplored.Methods: Cross-sectional quantitative study was undertaken in two beverage industries in Enugu state. In order to observe a proportion of 50% in staff compliance to safety measures with precision of 5% and confidence level of 95%, 217 full-time employees were selected from each industry. Stratified sampling technique was used to select respondents across 5 units/departments. Data was collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: Use of any form of safety device was reportedly high among respondents, 413 (97.4%). However, only 278 (67.3%) reported using them on a daily basis. Aprons 103 (24.9%), helmets 163 (39.5%), and hand gloves 197 (47.4%) were the least commonly used safety devices. The only reason reported for inconsistent use of safety devices was discomfort. Consistent use of safety devices correlates significantly with demographic characteristics such as age, sex, level of education, length of years of work and unit/department (p<0.001), as well as previous history of workplace injury (p=0.01).Conclusions: Consistent compliance with safety measures among factory workers is suboptimal and correlates significantly with demographic characteristics and previous history of workplace injury.

Malaria among migrants in a university hospital in Colombia during 2018: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552098130
Author(s):  
Fabián R Carreño-Almánzar ◽  
Adán Coronado-Galán ◽  
Sonia A Cala-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Vega-Vera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Imported malaria has increased in Colombia since 2015 and has been attributed to migrants coming from Venezuela. We present a series of malaria cases, nested in a retrospective cross-sectional study between 2017 and 2018, aimed at calculating the prevalence of medical diseases among immigrants in a University Hospital in Colombia. Among 154 immigrants admitted for medical causes between 2017 and 2018, 8 were diagnosed with malaria, all due to Plasmodium vivax. Of these, seven had uncomplicated malaria, five had a previous history of malaria, one was critically ill, but none died. We highlight that, similar to other case series of imported malaria, Latin American migrants were young, with similar clinical profiles, having a low proportion of severe cases, and P. vivax was the most frequent cause.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

scholarly journals Hepatitis C in pregnancy: an observational study highlighting its association with maternal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Bushra . ◽  
Ambreen Ghori ◽  
Azra Ahmed ◽  
Najma Dalwani ◽  
Mushtaque Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Pregnancy is a very crucial time in a woman’s life. In this period of time, not only multiple physiological alterations effect the usual health status but also makes women more vulnerable to contract infection and face negative sequalae. Hepatitis C, a blood borne viral infection serve the similar fate when encountered by pregnant ladies. This study is based on exploring the prevalence of the Hepatitis C virus seropositivity among pregnant population. Moreover, we also evaluated the major risk factors leading to the infection in these mothers. Besides this, infected mothers were studied for their pregnancy outcomes.Methods: In this study 114 pregnant females were observed for this cross-sectional study. It was conducted in Gynecology Unit- 1, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, for the period of January 2017 to July 2017. Chi square test was applied for statistical analysis on SPSS version 16. The criteria for enrollment in the study was set to be a pregnant lady belonging to age group 20-35 years; having singleton pregnancy; was a booked case at the hospital with compliant to antenatal follow ups; admitted to the labor room for delivery. All the non-pregnant ladies, whom had co morbid conditions such as hypertension or diabetes or had infected with hepatitis B or D were excluded from the study. Furthermore, pregnant ladies with multiple gestion or those who were either diagnosed of hepatitis C prior to conceive or had a previous history of hepatitis C were also excluded.Results: Present study revealed that out of 114, 10(8.8%) pregnant ladies were found seropositive for Hepatitis C virus. Prior history for transfusion of blood was the Foremost risk factor discovered, with 60.5% women reported this. History of surgery was the 2nd commonest factor and 43.9% had this in their medical records. On the other hand, only 8.8% women gave the history for previous evacuation. While observing pregnancy outcomes, we found 48.2% neonates had low birth weight, 41.2% were born preterm and 21.1% had low APGAR score.Conclusions: In a nutshell hepatitis c is prevalent in the pregnant population of this region and showing its effects in the form of compromised pregnancies. History of blood transfusion and previous surgery were found to be chief risk factors in the study.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Tramadol-Associated Seizure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 26674.1-26674.5
Author(s):  
Maryam Zaare Nahandi ◽  
◽  
Sayna Abbaszadeh ◽  
Mostafa Mansouri ◽  
Haniyeh Elahifard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Higher Doses

Background: Tramadol is a widely prescribed analgesic and due to its opioid-like effects, the potential for abuse of tramadol is noticeable. Besides, the complications of tramadol abuse have become a public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the affecting factors on the seizure, as one of the most common complications of tramadol consumption. Methods: A total number of 64 patients from 315 patients who were referred to Sina Hospital, Tabriz, Iran because of tramadol toxicity were included in this 9 months cross-sectional retrospective study. Results: There were 52 males and 12 females in the study. The seizure happened in 53.1% of the subjects and the Mean±SD time between tramadol consumption and seizure was 5.9±7.36 hours. There was no significant association between seizure and sex, age, the dose of tramadol, and previous tramadol consumption history. A significant association was seen between the dose of tramadol and the time of seizure. Conclusion: Seizure that happens due to tramadol overdose is not dependent on sex, age, and previous history of tramadol consumption. As the dose of tramadol is higher, the seizure happens later. More research is needed to understand why the seizure occurs later in higher doses.

scholarly journals Pregnancy with previous caesarean section: an overview of adverse fetomaternal sequelae

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyita Bhowmik ◽  
Amit Kyal ◽  
Indrani Das ◽  
Vidhika Berwal ◽  
Pijush Kanti Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
History Of

Background: The Caesarean section epidemic is a reason for immediate concern and deserves serious international attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate adverse maternal and fetal complications associated with pregnancies with history of previous caesarean section.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study carried out over a period of 1 year from 1st June 2016 to 31st July 2017 in Medical College Kolkata. 200 antenatal patients with previous history of 1 or more caesarean sections were included. In all cases thorough history, complete physical and obstetrical examination, routine and case specific investigations were carried out and patients were followed till delivery and for 7 days thereafter. All adverse maternal and fetal complications were noted.Results: Out of 200 women, 30 candidates were tried for VBAC, of them 20 (66.66%) had successful outcome. Most common antenatal complication was APH (5.5%) due to placenta praevia followed by scar dehiscence. There were 12 cases (6.66%) of PPH and 6 cases (3.33%) of scar dehiscence in the study group. 3 cases required urgent hysterectomy due to placenta accreta. 42 out of 196 babies required management in SNCU immediately or later after birth.Conclusions: Women with a prior cesarean are at increased risk for repeat cesarean section. Vigilance with respect to indication at primary cesarean delivery, proper counselling for trial of labor and proper antepartum and intrapartum monitoring of patients are key to reducing the cesarean section rates and maternal complications.

scholarly journals Is It Possible to use Cross-sectional and Vertical Facial Measurements to establish the Shape of the Mandibular Arch?

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Adilson Luiz Ramos ◽  
Ossam Abu El Haje ◽  
Daniela Daufenback Pompeo ◽  
Gisela Crippa Furtado ◽  
Luciana Monti Lima Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Examiner Agreement ◽  
Plaster Models

ABSTRACT Background Given the benefits of radiographic cephalometric studies in determining patterns of dental-skeletal-facial normality in orthodontics, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between mandibular dental arch shape and cross-sectional and vertical facial measurements. Materials and methods It was analyzed plaster casts and teleradiographs in frontal and lateral norm belonging to 50 individuals, aged between 15 and 19 years, with no previous history of orthodontic treatment and falling into four of the six Andrews's occlusion keys. The plaster models were scanned (3D) and the images of the dental arches were classified subjectively as oval, triangular and quadrangular by three calibrated examiners, with moderate inter-examiner agreement (Kappa = 0.50). After evaluation of the method error by paired t test (p > 0.05), it was carried out the analysis of cross-sectional and vertical facial measurements to be compared to the shape of the dental arch. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance with a significance level of 5%. Results When the VERT index was compared with the three arch shapes, no measurement showed statistically significant differences (p > 0.05): triangular (0.54); oval (0.43); and quadrangular (0.73); as well as there were no differences (p > 0.05) in the widths of the face (141.20; 141.26; 143.27); maxilla (77.27; 77.57; 78.59) and mandible (105.13; 103.96; 104.28). Conclusion It can be concluded that there was no correlation between different shapes of the mandibular dental arch and the cross-sectional and vertical facial measurements investigated. How to cite this article El Haje OA, Pompeo DD, Furtado GC, Rivera LML, Paranhos LR. Is It Possible to use Cross-sectional and Vertical Facial Measurements to establish the Shape of the Mandibular Arch? J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):735-739.

scholarly journals Alcohol use disorder and its determinant factors among patients with schizophrenia attending treatment at mental specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110487
Author(s):  
Habtamu Tadesse ◽  
Yohannes Mirkana ◽  
Tadesse Misgana
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
History Of

Background: Alcohol use disorder is one of the primary causes of avoidable death, illness, and injury in many societies throughout the world. Although alcohol use disorder can influence the natural history of a disease, disease recurrence, quality of life, and treatment adherence in psychiatric patients, the data on its magnitude is scarce. Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the magnitude of alcohol use disorder and its determinants among patients with schizophrenia attending a mental specialized hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 15 to June 15, 2018. An alcohol use disorder identification test was employed among a sample of 414 randomly selected patients with schizophrenia. Alcohol use disorder was categorized as hazardous drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8–15), harmful drinking (AUDIT score of 16–19), and alcohol dependence (AUDIT score of 20 or above). The data were entered into Epi-Data 3.1 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with alcohol use disorder. Results: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 38.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 33.7, 42.9). Of this, 22.4% of the patients had hazardous drinking, 8.4% harmful drinking, and 7.6% alcohol dependence. Factors associated with alcohol use disorder were male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.8, 95% CI 2.55, 13.19), being single (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.63, 5.51), divorced (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.95, 9.47) and widowed (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.39, 8.81), having family history of alcoholism (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.98, 7.19), longer duration of illness (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI 1.83, 8.36), previous history of psychiatric diagnosis (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1, 4.34), and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.06, 6.74). Conclusions: Almost four in ten patients with schizophrenia had alcohol use disorder. Male sex, single, divorced, and widowed, family history of alcohol use, long duration of illness, previous history of psychiatric diagnosis, and concomitant use of non-alcoholic substances were significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Continuous counseling of at risk populations about alcohol consumption should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Current concept of the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis and the role of bactéria.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 09-30
Author(s):  
Anthony Davis ◽  
Mary Davis
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Periodontopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Risk Situation ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Through an extensive review of the literature, our objective will be to clarify the current concept that exists about the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis, as well as the implications that bacteria may have on it. To date, different longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have identified some of the risk factors or risk indicators of peri-implantitis. Previous history of periodontal disease, diabetes, genetic load, poor oral hygiene, tobacco, alcohol consumption, absence of keratinized gingiva and the surface of the implants are some of the factors that have been analyzed in detail in the literature. The colonization of new surgically implanted surfaces represents a risk situation in partially edentulous patients, where periodontopathogenic bacteria from the residual bag play an important role.

scholarly journals MATERNAL OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCY-RELATED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2057-60
Author(s):  
Irfan Khattak ◽  
Samina Naseem Khattak ◽  
Ayesha Imran ◽  
Khawar Kamal ◽  
Umairah Yaqoob
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the frequency of Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury in the Pakistani population and its effect on maternal health. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Nephrology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital Kharian, from Jan 2018 to Dec 2020. Methodology: All pregnant women with normal renal functions at the time of enrolment in the study and no previous history of any kidney disease or renal procedure in the recent past (at least 3 months) before conception were included in our study at Combined Military Hospital Kharian. All participants had serum creatinine tested at enrolment and were inquired specifically about any history of renal disease or any renal procedure in the recent past (at least 3 months old). Results: Mean maternal age in the study was 29 ± 7.67 years however it ranged from 16-41 years. Around a quarter of acute kidney injury cases occurred in the first and second trimesters combined, with 26 (12%) and 24 (11%) cases in the first and second trimesters, respectively. Thirty percent of acute kidney injury cases were diagnosed in the third trimester. A substantial number 58 (27%) of cases developed azotemia which persisted beyond three months and developed chronic kidney disease of various stages. Regarding maternal outcomes, 166 (77%) mothers recovered completely. However, 43 (20%) patients had some degree pf azotemia, a few cases required permanent renal replacement therapy. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is a common problem in our community leading to suboptimal maternal outcomes..............

scholarly journals A Study of Posterior Segment Pathology in Cataractous Eyes Using B-scan Ultrasonography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shakour ◽  
Caroline Ayad ◽  
Samih Kajoak ◽  
Hamid Osman ◽  
E. Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Ocular Surgery ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cataract Patients

Background: Ultrasonography (US) is a valuable diagnostic modality for detecting posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) in patients with cataractous eyes. This imaging modality can better facilitate planning surgery and predicting prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of B-scan US in evaluating posterior segment abnormalities of eyes in cataract patients pre-operatively to limit complications and visual impairment. Methods and Results: A prospective, cross‑sectional study to assess cataracts by US, as well as to detect posterior segment abnormalities of eyes in cataract patients, was conducted in Sudan at Albasar International Foundation (Makah Eye Complex in Omdurman) between December 2018 and December 2019. All patients (n=380; 48% males and 52% females; a mean age of 63±12.57 years) with non-visualization of the fundus, regardless of age and gender, were involved and were assumed to have orbital pathologies. Patients with high-risk extrusion of intraocular contents and a previous history of ocular surgery were excluded from the present study. All patients with dense cataracts were evaluated using standard US machines (Echoscan US-4000; NIDEK CO., LTD.) equipped with a real-time high-frequency probe. The typical age of the patients complaining of cataracts was between 61 and 70 years, which constituted 35% of cases, followed by age >70 years, which constituted 24.2% of cases. About 47.63% patients had ocular pathology in the posterior segment of the eye (Table 3). The most common PSEDs were vitreous abnormalities (46.2%). Among vitreous abnormalities, most abnormal eyes had vitreous changes (36.1%), followed by VD (3.7%); 1.3% of patients had retinal detachment. Conclusion: Ocular US should be the first screening modality in the evaluation of posterior segment pathologies in cataractous eyes and should be performed in cataract patients pre-operatively for better surgical planning and predicting post-operative visual prognosis.

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