Effectiveness of nurse led screening and intervention for common non communicable diseases in a peri urban community of Chandigarh

Background: Globally the non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are accountable for most of mortality and disability. The Lack of skilled human resources for health is one of the contributing factors for low screening coverage. Nurses plays a vital role, in the early detection and prevention of common NCDs. Objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs on risk factor modifications.Methods: Pre-experimental design was used in the present study. The study was done in slum area Indra colony Chandigarh. A total of 500 individuals aged ≥30 years were enrolled from 2,700 households. All the subjects were screened for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and oral cancer. However in female participants addition screening of breast, and cervical cancer was also done. WHO STEPS survey was used to assess the risk factor of common NCDs. The interventional package on risk factor modifications for prevention of common NCDs was developed and was delivered to all subjects during home visits. The follow up to assess risk factor modifications was done after one month. The primary outcome of the study was risk factor modifications and prevalence of common NCDs.Results: There was significant mean change in systolic blood pressure (0.65±6.31 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (1.19±3.7 mmHg), body mass index (0.95±0.85 kg/m2), and waist circumference (1.5±1.46 cm) among subjects after one month of intervention (p value <0.05).Conclusions: The Nurse-led screening and intervention for common NCDs was effective in risk factor modification among studied subjects.

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Alcohol consumption, obesity and hypertension: Relationship patterns along different age groups in Uganda

10.1101/654251 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ◽

Gerald Mutungi ◽

Silver Bahendeka ◽

Ronald Wesonga ◽

Monica H. Swahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Age Groups ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Age Group ◽

Relationship Patterns ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Prevalence Ratios

AbstractIntroductionUganda is experiencing a significant increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and obesity. Frequent alcohol use is also highly prevalent in Uganda and is a key risk factor for both hypertension and obesity. This study determines the trends of frequent alcohol consumption, hypertension and obesity across different age groups, and the extent to which alcohol consumption affects the two.MethodsThe data were extracted from the 2014 National Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factor Survey (N=3,987) conducted among adults aged 18 to 69 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHG or diastolic blood pressure ≥90. Obesity was defined as body mass index >30 kg/m2. Frequent alcohol consumption was defined as alcohol use 3 or more times a week. Multivariable log binomial regression analysis was carried out for each of the two outcome variables against age group and controlled for frequency of alcohol consumption and few other independent factors. Non-parametric tests were used to compare trends of prevalence ratios across age groups. Modified Poisson regression was use in few instances when the model failed to converge.ResultsThe results showed increasing trend in the prevalence of hypertension and frequent alcohol consumption but a declining trend for obesity along different age groups (p<0.01). Frequency of alcohol consumption did not significantly modify the age group-hypertension and age group-obesity relationships although the effect was significant with ungrouped age. There was significance in difference of fitted lines for hypertension prevalence ratios between frequent drinkers and mild drinkers and between abstainers and frequent drinkers. Alcohol consumption did not have any significant effect on obesity-age group relationship.ConclusionThe results call for more research to understand the effect of alcohol on the hypertension-age relationship, and the obesity-age relationship. Why prevalence ratios for hypertension decline among those who take alcohol most frequently is another issue that needs further research.

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May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Cape Verde

European Heart Journal Supplements ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/suab053 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (Supplement_B) ◽

pp. B37-B39

Author(s):

Vanda Azevedo ◽

Luis Dias ◽

Glenda Garcia ◽

Irenita Soares ◽

Marlinda Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Multiple Imputation ◽

Antihypertensive Medication ◽

Antihypertensive Drugs ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

The Public ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Previous Diagnosis

Abstract The Cabo Verdean population is aging and, consequently, non-communicable diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases, are increasing, with hypertension being an important risk factor. Following Cabo Verde's engagement with the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign, in 2019, it was possible to improve the screening capacity, at the same time that a major social mobilization campaign was carried out to improve the population's knowledge about raised blood pressure (BP) and its consequences. With activities on nine islands, telemedicine was used to train researchers and volunteers. The MMM app was used to collect participant data. Individuals aged ≥18 years were recruited through opportunistic sampling. Each participant completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors and had three BP measurements and weight and height measurements. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (mean of the second and third readings), or when using antihypertensive medication. When respondents did not provide three BP readings, multiple imputation using chained equations was used to calculate the mean of the second and third readings. A total of 17 627 individuals [mean age of 42.7 (SD 16.2); 63.8% women] were screened. After multiple imputation, 5990 (34.0%) had hypertension, of which 68.4% knew the diagnosis previously and 51.3% used antihypertensive drugs. The reported use of antihypertensive medication and a previous diagnosis of hypertension were strong predictors of higher levels of systolic and diastolic BP. Corrective actions were taken with an updated national protocol for hypertension treatment in primary health care. The II Non-Communicable Diseases Survey corroborated MMM national data that we see as an ideal initiative to reach the public, raising awareness about this important cardiovascular risk factor and providing political decision instruments.

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Prevalence of non-communicable diseases risk factors and their determinants: Results from STEPS survey 2019, Nepal

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253605 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0253605

Author(s):

Bihungum Bista ◽

Meghnath Dhimal ◽

Saroj Bhattarai ◽

Tamanna Neupane ◽

Yvonne Yiru Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Coordination Mechanism ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

World Health ◽

Process Data ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Steps Survey

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends ongoing surveillance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors, using the WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS). The aim of this study was to assess the distribution and determinants of NCD risk factors in Nepal, a low-income country, in which two-thirds (66%) of annual deaths are attributable to NCDs. Methods A nationally representative NCD risk factors STEPS survey (instrument version 3.2), was conducted between February and May 2019, among 6,475 eligible participants of age 15–69 years sampled from all 7 provinces through multistage sampling process. Data collection involved assessment of behavioral and biochemical risk factors. Complex survey analysis was completed in STATA 15, along with Poisson regression modelling to examine associations between covariates and risk factor prevalence. Results The most prevalent risk factor was consumption of less than five servings of fruit and vegetables a day (97%; 95% CI: 94.3–98.0). Out of total participants, 17% (95% CI: 15.1–19.1) were current smoker, 6.8% (95% CI: 5.3–8.2) were consuming ≥60g/month alcohol per month and 7.4% (95% CI:5.7–10.1) were having low level of physical activity. Approximately, 24.3% (95% CI: 21.6–27.2) were overweight or obese (BMI≥25kg/m2) while 24.5% (95% CI: 22.4–26.7) and 5.8% (95% CI: 4.3–7.3) had raised blood pressure (BP) and raised blood glucose respectively. Similarly, the prevalence of raised total cholesterol was 11% (95% CI: 9.6–12.6). Sex and education level of participants were statistically associated with smoking, harmful alcohol use and raised BP. Participants of age 30–44 years and 45–69 years were found to have increased risk of overweight, raised BP, raised blood sugar and raised blood cholesterol. Similarly, participants in richest wealth quintile had higher odds of insufficient physical inactivity, overweight and raised blood cholesterol. On average, each participant had 2 NCD related risk factors (2.04, 95% CI: 2.02–2.08). Conclusion A large portion of the Nepalese population are living with a variety of NCD risk factors. These surveillance data should be used to support and monitor province specific NCD prevention and control interventions throughout Nepal, supported by a multi-sectoral national coordination mechanism.

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Uticaj faktora rizika na nastanak hroničnih nezaraznih bolesti / The influence of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases

SESTRINSKI ŽURNAL ◽

10.7251/sez0116024j ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Ranka Jaćimović

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Public Policy ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Least Developed Countries ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

The World ◽

Prevention And Treatment

The world today is faced with a growing increase in chronic non-communicable diseases (CNB), which become the leading cause of death. In 2012, the CNB were responsible for 38 million (68%) of all the 56 million deaths. Of that number, more than 40% died were younger than 70 years, and more than 82% of deaths were in underdeveloped and developing countries.The main risk factors in the development of the CNB are hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity and smoking. Reducing risk factors and timely detection and treatment is the least expensive way to solve the non-communicable diseases. The depletion of CNB has guiding public policy to promote the prevention, early detection and treatment of these diseases. In order to evaluate how successful strategies to combat rate for the Republica Srpska we examined the prevalence of risk factors for CNB at 1,454 patients older than 18 years in a team of family medicine DZ Banja Luka.The results indicate that high blood pressure is present in 40% of patients, dyslipidemia in 60%, with a high presence of hyperglycemia 23.5%. Smoking as a risk factor is present in 41% of subjects. One in five respondents were obese (BMI> 30).Our results suggest that the measures in the Republica Srpska invest in the prevention and treatment of CNB are not successful and are similar to those in the least developed countries.

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THE INFLUENCE OF BENSO’S RELAXATION TECHNIQUE IN DECREASING THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF HYPERTENSION PATIENTS AT INTEGRATED COACHING POST FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN LINGGAJATI VILLAGE, KUNINGAN DISTRICK

Jurnal Kesehatan Mahardika ◽

10.54867/jkm.v6i1.35 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

Ating Sutanti ◽

Jaenudin ◽

H.Sodikin

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Relaxation Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Relaxation Techniques ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

In Kuningan District hypertension patients in puskesmas entered diurutan to 5 patterns of disease all age groups (Profile Kab.Kuningan 2016) .The purpose in this research is to identify the influence of Benson’s Relaxation technique in decreasing the blood pressure of hypertension patiens. This research uses quasi experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design model. The sample technique in this study used total sampling which amounted to 32 respondents, research instrument using aneroid spyghmomanometer and stethoscope, data collection using observation. Data analysis using Normality test and paired sample t test. Research location at at integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases in Linggajati Village, Kuningan District in June-July 2018. The results showed that the mean systolic blood pressure before and after the Benson relaxation technique was 163,12mmHgbecome 150,47 mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure before and after relaxation technique Benson was93,28 mmHgbecome 87.19mmHg. The mean systolic blood pressure fell 12.66 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 6.09 mmHg. Value p value 0,000. The conclusion of this research isthe influence of Benson’s Relaxation technique in decreasing the blood pressure of hypertension patiens at integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases in Linggajati Village, Kuningan District with significance p value 0,000 (<0,005). For people with hypertension is expected to use Benson relaxation techniques to maintain blood pressure stability so as to reduce the use of pharmacological therapy.

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Birth Weight: Earliest, Non-Modifiable, Risk Factor for Non-Communicable Diseases

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3520085 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Issa Al Salmi ◽

Suad Hannawi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Modifiable Risk Factor ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

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P2-123 Evaluation of risk factor and protection for chronic non communicable diseases monitoring system by phone survey: Vigitel, Brazil 2006 to 2008

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech.2011.142976i.58 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A254-A254

Author(s):

B. Iser ◽

E. Macario ◽

J. Sobel ◽

L. Moura ◽

D. Malta

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Phone Survey

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Risk and protective factors for non communicable diseases in the Belo Horizonte population: Vigitel 2008

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2013000300002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 572-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bruna Mara Duarte ◽

Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal ◽

Deborah Carvalho Malta

Keyword(s):

Protective Factors ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Vegetable Intake ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Risk And Protective Factors ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Soft Drinks ◽

P Value ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Belo Horizonte

Introduction: The Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) are the main causes of death in, having known, avoidable the Risk Factor (RF) and susceptible to intervention. Objective: Identify the prevalence of RF and protection for NCD in the Belo Horizonte, 2008. Methodology: Data were analyzed from Vigitel, in Belo Horizonte, 2008. They are presented to the frequencies of RF according to gender, schooling, and calculated the p-value and the PR. Results: Men showed more frequencie in the following RF: higher consumption of meat and milk with fats, soft drinks, abusive consumption of alcohol, drive after drinking, ex-smokers. Men presented in relation to protective factors statistically significant differences in consumption of beans and leisure-time physical activity. Women had the highest frequencies in the consumption of fruits and vegetables, protection against ultraviolet radiation, self-assessment of health as poor, and declared more morbidities such as: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, asthma and osteoporosis. Adults with low levels of education compared with high education (reference) presented the following PR: smoke PR 2.09 (95%CI 1.43 - 3.05); consumption of 20 cigarettes and more PR 2.54 (95%CI 1.19 - 5.43); overweight PR 1.27 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.56); obesity PR 1.6 (95%CI 1.04 - 2.47); consumption of soft drinks PR 2,07 (95%CI 1.51 - 2.83); consumption of fruit and vegetable intake PR 0.53 (95%CI 0.40 - 0.72); consumption of beans PR 1.15 (95%CI 1.05 - 1.27); watch TV PR 1.33 (95%CI 1.00 - 1.77); driving after alcohol consumption PR 0.14 (95%CI 0.04 - 0.53); hypertension PR 1.75 (95%CI 1.37 - 2.24); diabetes PR 2.24 (95%CI 1.23 - 4.09). Conclusion: The telephone surveys are an important method to monitor the distribution of risk and protective factors in the population and to permit to orient health promotion programs and prevention.

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