scholarly journals Obesity and depression, an analytical study among adults attending primary care clinics in Bahrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4713
Author(s):  
Afaf A. M. Ali ◽  
Naseem F. Alalwan ◽  
Mona A. M. Ali ◽  
Adel S. Alsayyad
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Both depression and obesity are widely spread problems with major public health implications. Obesity is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases. However, its consequences on mental health is less certain. This study explore the association between obesity and depression among adults in Bahrain.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among adults ≥18 years attending general practice in four primary care health centers that have been selected randomly from the four governorate in Bahrain. Self-filled questionnaire that includes demographic information, depression scale and other behavioral and clinical factors were used as the study tool. Weight and height were measured for each participant and BMI was used to assess obesity. Depression was assessed using beck depression inventory scale, with a score of more than 16 to indicate clinical depression.Results: The prevalence of depression is 16% while the prevalence of obesity is 42% among adults in the study. The prevalence of depression among underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese adults are almost the same (around 16%). Analysis using Chi Square test and regression analysis test showed no significant association between obesity and depression.Conclusions: The present study did not confirm any relationship between obesity and depression among adults attending primary care clinics in Bahrain.

Association between Food Intake and Overweight in Children Assisted by Primary Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
Erivelton Sousa Lima ◽  
Amanda de Castro Amorim Serpa Brandão ◽  
Antonio Luiz Gomes Junior ◽  
Luana kelle Batista Moura ◽  
Gerardo Vasconcelos Mesquita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The child feed in the first two years of life is of fundamental importance for a healthy growth and development. Aims: To verify the association between food consumption indicators and overweight in children under the age of two, followed up by primary care health professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 children assisted by primary care. A structured questionnaire was used with questions on sociodemographic data of mothers or guardians and food intake and anthropometric data of children. The analysis of the association between excess weight and food intake indicators was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) and Fisher’s exact test (f ˂ 5). Results: Regarding food intake in children under 6 months of age, 35.1% of the children were exclusively breastfed. Among children at the age of 6 to 23 months: 66.3% were on continued breastfeeding; 16.7% consumed adequate foods at the age of 6 to 8 months; 90.4% consumed foods that belonged to the six food groups; 76.3% consumed food at the minimum frequency and with adequate consistency; 88.9% consumed iron-rich and vitamin A-rich foods, and 59.3% consumed ultra-processed foods. Regarding nutritional status, 24.5% of the children were overweight. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between overweight and food consumption indicators among the surveyed children. However, exclusive breastfeeding was below the recommended level, a low percentage of the introduction of complementary foods at the appropriate age and high consumption of ultra-processed foods reveal the need to improve the assistance provided by primary care to this group.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of association of anaemia with BMI in medical and paramedical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4697
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Ghanshyam Das Katiyar ◽  
Syed Esam Mahmood ◽  
Swati Khan ◽  
Mahendra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Global Health Problem

Background: Anaemia is a global health problem. Anaemia is one of most commonly recognized disorders. In view of ever increasing burden of anaemia in India and its detrimental effects on academic performance of students, it is necessary to find out the association of anaemia with BMI of medical and para medical students. This study was undertaken to find out association of anaemia with BMI among medical and para medical students of Rohilkhand Medical College, Bareilly.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 344 medical and para medical students of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly. A structured schedule was used to collect the information regarding anaemia and BMI. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Chi square test was applied.Results: Over all prevalence of anaemia was 29.07% prevalence was higher among female students (41.92%), among those aged between 25-26 years (75.00%) and among Muslims (40.54%), prevalence of anaemia among normal weight (31.92%) followed by underweight (27.02%) than in preobese (25.86%) while least among obese (20.83%).Conclusions: Anaemia is prevalent even in medical and para medical students who are well educated and well oriented about nutrition and its ill effect on health. BMI exhibits higher prevalence of anaemia among normal weight, followed by underweight, preobese and obese. 

scholarly journals Association between obesity and anxiety among an adolescent population of Rajkot district, Gujarat, India: a cross sectional and descriptive study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Dipal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: Proper good nutrition are essential for mental development, physical growth, health and wellbeing and survival of adolescents. School based data of India shows a prevalence of obesity is 5.6% to 24.0% among children and adolescents. Psychosocial complications associated with obesity include poor self-image, depression, and difficulties in both social environment and home. This study was carried out with an objective to find out prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted among 1026 school going adolescents from 4 schools of Rajkot, Gujarat, India. Depression and anxiety were measured using Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Chi-square test was applied as test of significance.Results: Majority of the students (58.1%) were belonged to early adolescent age group. About 67.1% were males. About 16.6% were underweight and 1.2% were obese. Overweight was more prevalent in girls (5.6%) as compared to boys (1.2%). Prevalence of anxiety and depression was 9.9% and 18.5% respectively. Anxiety was frequently found in overweight and obese adolescents (82.0%) as compared to only underweight and normal adolescents (7.1%, p<0.0001).Conclusions: The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 9.7% and 4.3%. Girls are more affected with overweight. Significant number of adolescents was suffering from anxiety (9.9%) and depression (18.5%). Anxiety was frequently found in overweight and obese adolescents. There is need of immediate action to prevent adolescent obesity. Assessment of anxiety and depression among students with proper counselling should be carried out at least once a year.

scholarly journals Assessment of depression among medical students during COVID-19 in a southern state of India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilu Anna Mathew ◽  
Evin Siby ◽  
Arun George Alex ◽  
Gouri Krishna B. S. ◽  
Merlin Moni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southern State ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Student Community ◽  
Psychological Disturbances ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The COVID-19 lockdown has caused increased psychological disturbances among the student community. Medical students are susceptible to mental stressors and thus more likely to be affected by the pandemic. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students during the COVID-19 lockdown in Kerala along with the associated socio-demographic factors.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students during COVID-19 lockdown in a southern state of India. Collected data included socio-demographic details and depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 (DASS-21). Chi square test was used to determine the association of depression, anxiety and stress with the socio-demographic factors.Results: A total of 760 students were invited to partake in this study. 702 satisfied the inclusion criteria and completed the evaluation, giving a response rate of 92.4%. Among the participants 67.4% were female and 32.6% were males. Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among medical students were 55.1%, 33.2% and 29.4% respectively. It was found that both male and female students experienced the same levels of depression (p=0.533) during the pandemic. Students studying in private self-financing medical colleges experienced more anxiety compared to students at government medical college (p=0.008) during the pandemic. It was also observed that prevalence of depression (58.4%) was highest among first year medical students.Conclusions: The study revealed that depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent in majority of medical students during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity in patients suffering from migraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4748
Author(s):  
Sidra J. Faruqi ◽  
Naila N. Shahbaz ◽  
Muhammad Yahya ◽  
Mehwish A. Butt ◽  
Faizan H. Memon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Background: Migraine is one of the most common primary headaches, accounting for significant morbidity in patients suffering from it. An association between obesity and migraine has been documented in the past, despite some studies pointing to the contrary. Author’s purpose is to calculate the prevalence of obesity in migraine patients in order to contribute to the existing concepts. A positive correlation could lead to the employment of weight loss interventions in the management of obese patients with migraine.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 patients, recently diagnosed with migraine, attending the Neurology Outpatient Department at the Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi were enrolled after taking informed consent.  Migraine was diagnosed using International Classification of Headache Disorders III (ICHD III) criteria. Height (meters) and weight (kilograms) were measured and body mass index calculated. This data was kept confidential. The results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 19.  Continuous quantitative data were analyzed using chi square test. A p Value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The mean age of enrolled participants was 30.69±6.96 years, 204(51%) were >30 years of age, 159(39.8%) were male and 241(60.3%) were female, mean height was 1.55±0.1 meters, mean weight was 56.26±12.98 kg, and mean duration of migraine was 5.04±2.02 weeks. The prevalence of obesity in patients with migraine was 108 (27%).Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalence of obesity in patients with migraine was 27%.

scholarly journals Exercise Counseling by Primary Care Physicians in Jordan—A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272094694
Author(s):  
Othman Beni Yonis ◽  
Rami Saadeh ◽  
Zaher Chamseddin ◽  
Hussam Alananzeh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Exercise Counseling ◽  
Chi Square Test

Despite the value of physical activity and exercise to patients, little is known about the perception and practices of Jordanian primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding counseling patients about exercise. This study was aimed at assessing counseling about exercise by PCPs in Jordan. A cross-sectional study targeting a random sample of physicians from family medicine, internal medicine and general practice in academic, public, and private sectors. Chi-square test of independence was used to assess the association of perceptions and practices of physicians regarding exercise counseling with their specialty. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of demographic information with selected items of perception and practice. A total of 218 physicians participated in the study. They were mainly males (67%), family medicine physicians (42.2%), and had a mean age of 33.7 (±9.87) years. Most physicians believed that less than half of patients will start exercising (91.3%) or will continue exercising if they were repeatedly counseled at follow-up visits (85.4%). Family medicine physicians counseled more patients, more frequently, and their desire to counsel more patients was significantly higher than other physicians ( P = .002). The Perceptions and practices of Jordanian PCPs toward exercise counseling for their patients were found positive; however the desire to counsel more patients was low. Lack of patients’ motivation to practice exercise, time constraint and limited resources were the most frequently reported barriers to counseling. Further investigation on how to overcome such barriers is recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use among persons of tribal origin in a primary care centre in Wayanad, Kerala

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3153
Author(s):  
Reshma Javed ◽  
Avani Dinesh ◽  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Sanjeev Vasudevan ◽  
Minumaria Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Waking Up

Background: Persons of tribal origin account for over a quarter of India’s poorest people and also have a higher burden of disease attributable to adverse effects of tobacco use. Therefore, this study was planned in a health facility in Wayanad District to assess prevalence, pattern and determinants of tobacco use.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the persons of tribal origin by interview method using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire in a primary care facility in Wayanad, Kerala. Minimum sample size was calculated to be 140; 524 persons of tribal origin were enrolled. The chi-square test, logistic regression was used to determine association between qualitative variables.Results: Mean age of respondents was 42.52±16.95 years. The proportion of current tobacco users was found to be 39.1% (95% CI 34.9-43.4). Majority of respondents (90.2%) chewed tobacco, only 5.2% were smokers and 0.2% used other forms such as snuff. Of the tobacco users 81.95% had considered quitting. One in five persons, 19.9% used tobacco within 30 minutes of waking up. By logistic regression, men were found to be 2.59 times (95% CI 1.69, 3.97; p<0.001), illiterates 2.25 times (95% CI 1.51, .35; <0.001) and Paniya group 2.36 times (95% CI 1.6, 3.48) more likely to use tobacco.Conclusions: A high prevalence of tobacco use, early initiation and dependency, are a challenge to tobacco control among the socially and economically vulnerable indigenous people. However, the desire and attempts made to quit tobacco can be leveraged for harm reduction and tobacco cessation among males, Paniyas and illiterate people.

scholarly journals Effect of obesity on risk and severity of periodontitis: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Chaerita Maulani ◽  
Elza Ibrahim Auerkari ◽  
Sri Lelyati C. Masulili ◽  
Lindawati S. Kusdhany ◽  
Chiquita Prahasanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Crude Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Positive Correlations

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and periodontitis, among other risk factors for periodontitis.   Methods:  In total, 262 Indonesian male and female subjects were analysed for body mass index (BMI), oral hygiene, plaque index, and clinically evaluated periodontitis. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman tests and Pearson chi-square tests to estimate the correlation between BMI and periodontitis. Multivariate binary logistic analysis was conducted between covariate and periodontitis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.   Results: The prevalence of obesity was 48.47%. There were positive correlations between BMI and periodontal status for healthy-mild periodontitis, moderate, and severe periodontitis respectively. BMI and periodontitis crude odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 (95% CI 1.41-3.78); p < 0.05, adjusted OR of BMI among other variables, was 1.88 (95%CI 1.05-3.37); p < 0.05. Exploration of the ROC curve found a BMI cut off point of 24.785 kg/m2.  Conclusion: Obesity by BMI measurement of ≥ 25kg/m2 correlated to a higher risk of acquiring periodontitis compared to normal-weight individuals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression in PLHA attending ART centre of Assam medical college and hospital, Dibrugarh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Manas Jyoti Kotoky ◽  
Gourangie Gogoi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Depression is a common mental health disorder encountered in people living with HIV/AIDS. Depression has a strong impact on the daily chores in the lives of those suffering from HIV/AIDS and their ability to cope with the disease and has a special role to play in adherence to antiretroviral therapy. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of depression in PLHA attending the ART centre of AMCH. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 54 patients attending the ART centre. They were interviewed using a predesigned and pretested proforma with prior consent. Depression was assessed using the MDI-4 scale and data was analysed using SPSSv16. Chi square test was done to see the association. Results: Majority (85%) of the respondents were male. Prevalence of depression was found in 55.6% of the respondents. Alcoholic history was found in 54% and smoking in 24% (p<0.05). Most were educated below 10th grade (66.6%) (p<0.05). Most of them (83.3%) disclosed their status to their family members. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression is very high in PLHA. To diagnose depression and to treat at the earliest will go a long way in improving their quality of life. 

scholarly journals Investigation of Depression in Cancer Patient’s Caregivers in Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Awais Ghaffar ◽  
Mahwish Ujala ◽  
Muhammad Sohaib Nadeem ◽  
Humaira Mahmood ◽  
Syed Aftab Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death, responsible for 1 in 6 deaths globally and Caregivers play a major role in cancer patients' care and rehabilitation. They may face several psychological issues like depression along with physical and emotional disadvantages, and significant financial consequences. The objective of this study is to find out the associations of Depression with demographic variables among family caregivers of cancer patients in combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the OPD and IPD of the Oncology department of CMH, Rawalpindi between February and July 2020. The 384 adult cancer patient’s caregivers visiting oncology department were assessed to find out level of depression after getting informed consent. Data was collected by Demographic questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) tool. Chi-square test and Likelihood ratio chi-square test used to find association. Results: Out of all 384 caregivers 181 (47.1 %) were males and 203 (52.9 %) were females. 267 (69.5 %) were diagnosed as non-depressive while 117 (30.5 %) were diagnosed as Depressive. A considerable association has been found between Depression and Age of caregivers (p= 0.006), Gender of caregivers (p <0.05), employment status of caregivers (0.02) and relationship to a cancer patient (p = 0.003). Conclusion: A high prevalence of depression is found in cancer patient’s caregivers and Depression is significantly associated with Age of caregivers, Gender of caregivers, employment status of caregivers, and the relationship to cancer patients.

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