scholarly journals Drug use evaluation of vancomycin at medical ward of Yekatit 12, hospital medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Getasew A. Aynalem ◽  
Tadesse A. Bekele ◽  
Feven A. Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Medical Ward ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Drug Use Evaluation ◽  
Hospital Medical ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Acquired

<p class="Default"><strong>Background:</strong> Drug use evaluation is an ongoing systematic process designed to maintain the appropriate medication during &amp; after dispensing in order to assure appropriate therapeutic decision making and positive patient outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted to analyze drug use of vancomycin by using medication charts and medical note of patients that were admitted in the medical ward of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Patients who were admitted from medical ward and whose age were ≥18 years were eligible provided that they take Vancomycin during the study period were included and Patients with medical records of insufficient or illegible information’s were excluded. Structured check list was used for data collection, and the sample size was 169. Convenience sampling technique was used.</p><p><strong> Results:</strong><strong> </strong>Among 169 patients 136 (80.5%) had empiric treatments, the remaining 33 (19.5%) had specific treatments. Among 169 patients 61 (36.1%) had Infection during his/her stay in hospital of which 47 (77%) were hospital acquired pneumonia, 169 patients 39 (23.08%) had Vancomycin indication for hospital acquired pneumonia followed by 21 (12.4%), 21 (12.4%), meningitis and PCP respectively. The finding indicated that only 135 (79.9%) were appropriate regarding frequency, 124 (73.4%) were appropriate regarding dose, 104 (61.6%) were appropriate regarding duration, and the appropriate indication were only 128 (75.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong><strong> </strong>Vancomycine was mostly indicated as empiric therapy and only 135 (79.9%) were appropriately prescribed with respect to frequency, 128 (75.7%) were appropriate regarding indication and 124 (73.4%) were appropriate regarding to dose, 104 (61.6%) were appropriate regarding to duration. All physicians should prescribe drugs according to the guidelines.</p>

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, and utilization of drugs toward COVID-19 pandemic among Bale Zone residents, Southeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110343
Author(s):  
Ayele Mamo ◽  
Mesud M Hassen ◽  
Ahmednur Adem ◽  
Zinash Teferu ◽  
Musa Kumbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bale Zone

Background: Coronavirus disease is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which poses therapeutic dilemmas. Some suggestions for drug treatment seem problematic. Beliefs about the causes of health problems are determinants of treatment seeking decisions. Hence, one of the alternatives for the solution of health problems is employing traditional medicine to prevent coronavirus disease 19. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and utilization of drugs toward the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic among Bale zone residents. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the Bale Zone population from May 30 to June 30, 2020. Eight hundred fifty-four participants were selected using a single population formula, and a multistage sampling technique was employed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the outcomes. A p value ⩽ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of the total 854 respondents, about 534 (62.5%) got information about coronavirus disease 19 from TV/radio. More than two-thirds (71.9%) of the respondents have known that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has no curative drugs, and 65.4% had a more appropriate attitude toward overall drug use in coronavirus disease 19. Level of education and, attitude towards drug use were singnificantly associated with knowledge of drugs, source of information about coronavirus disease 19 and having good practice were significantly associated with atittude toward drug utilization. Conclusion: One out of two study participants have good knowledge regarding drugs to the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic. Illiterate people in the community were identified to have poor knowledge about drugs, hence community educuation program is important to improve the knowledge about drugs towards the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients of St Paulo’s Hospital, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. e100120
Author(s):  
Kebebew Wogi Goben ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew Abegaz ◽  
Samuel Tolesa Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex

BackgroundPatient satisfaction with mental healthcare service is recognised as an important integral part of measuring the outcomes and performance of clinical service delivery. It is not well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, it is essential to improve service in the future.AimsTo assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among psychiatry outpatients at St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted with consecutive sampling technique from May to June 2018. Data were collected using a Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8). Both bivariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used. Variables with p value <0.05 at multivariate analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 589 participants were enrolled with a response rate of 98.2%. In regard to the magnitude of patient satisfaction, 50.3% (95% CI 46.0 to 54.2) were highly satisfied, 31.0% (95% CI 27.2 to 34.8) were satisfied, and 18.7% (95% CI 15.4 to 22.1) were dissatisfied. Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.30, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.36), inability to read and write (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.66), being unemployed (AOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.47), obtaining services for free (AOR 1.57, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.22), and availability of medication (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.23) were significantly associated with patient satisfaction.ConclusionsThe study showed that further improvements in patient satisfaction are required. Male sex, inability to read and write, being unemployed, obtaining services free of charge, and availability of medication were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. More than half of the participants were dissatisfied with the waiting time to receive services. The provision of services within a reasonable timeframe and meeting patient expectations are helpful for good health outcomes.

scholarly journals Comparative study on lesions of reproductive disorders of cows and female dromedary camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa, Adama and Akaki abbatoirs with bacterial isolation and characterization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynalem Mandefro ◽  
Tilaye Demissie Ayana ◽  
Gemechu Chala Hunderra ◽  
Tadesse Gidey Gebrezihar ◽  
Bulto Giro Boru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Dromedary Camels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Background: Reproduction is a basic prerequisite to efficient livestock production. Reproductive performance depends upon the normal structure and function of genital organs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 to identify and compare the frequency of pathological lesions in the reproductive tract and to isolate bacteria associated to uterine lesions in female dromedary camels and cows slaughtered at Akaki camel slaughter house and Addis Ababa and Adama municipal abattoirs. Abattoirs were visited once per week for 28 weeks during which three to seven animals on average were slaughtered per day. A purposive sampling technique was employed to examine reproductive tracts of all slaughtered animals (280; 140 cows and 140 camels). Following gross inspection at abattoirs, tissue samples with lesion were collected for histopathological and bacteriological investigation. Result: Various pathological lesions with different degrees of severity were observed in 48 (34.2%) and 51 (36.4%) of dromedary camels and cows, respectively. Uterine lesions were the most prevalent 21.4% lesions observed in dromedary camels followed by ovarian lesions 7.14%; while in cows, ovarian lesions were the major prevalent 16.4% lesions followed by uterine lesion 14.2%. The result showed that there were 56 bacteria isolated from cows uterine lesion with Staphylococcus species 28.5%, Streptococci species 19.6%, Coynebacterium species 8.9%, Escherichia coli 26.78%, Salmonella species 10.7% and Klebsiella species 5.35% being the prominent isolates; while in camels, there were 45 bacteria isolated with Escherichia coli 35.5%, Staphylococcus species 26.6%, Streptococcus species 13.3%, Pseudomonas species 6.6 %, Proteus species 4.4%, Salmonella species 8.8% and Klebsiella species 4.4% being the most frequently isolated. The result showed that the major isolates were similar with slightly higher in cows. Histopathologically, endometrial glands degeneration, sloughing of epithelium, peri-glandular cuffing and infiltrations of inflammatory cell were some of characteristic changes observed in uterus. Conclusions: Pathological lesions in reproductive organs in female dromedary camels and cows showed great prevalence, with similarity in bacterial isolates between the two species. The role of each reproductive lesions and bacterial isolates incriminated as causes of reproductive failures in this livestock species needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude regarding HIV/AIDS among patients attending medicine outpatient department in C. C. M. Medical College and Hospital, Durg

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5095
Author(s):  
Suresh C. Gupta ◽  
Karan J. Jain ◽  
Anjana Tiwari ◽  
Indu Padmey ◽  
Nandkishor J. Bankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the deadliest diseases that modern medicine has ever had to tackle. Understanding the knowledge about HIV/AIDS in general populations will help in formulating strategy for prevention and treatment. With this background, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS among general population.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at C.C.M. Medical College and Hospital, Durg during December 2018 to January 2019. The data was collected from 450 patients attending the medicine outpatient department. Study subjects were selected using convenient sampling technique. Patients giving consent and willing to participate were included in the study. The data was collected in predesigned and pretested questionnaire.Results: 77.11% study participants were aware that unprotected sex can lead to transmission of HIV, 73.78% knew that shaking hands will not transmit the disease. 79.8% knew that use of condom can prevent transmission of HIV/AIDS. Overall males had better knowledge than females. 76.85% said they would behave friendly with people having HIV/AIDS and 69.78% were willing to take care of relatives with HIV.Conclusions: This study indicates that majority participants have good knowledge about difference between HIV and AIDS, modes of transmission and prevention though they were not completely aware of it. The proportion of those with lack of correct knowledge though comparatively less, needs to be taken as a challenge and addressed through well planned health educational activities at various platforms including teaching hospital premises.

scholarly journals Study of Cervical Length in Bangladeshi Cadaver

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Zubaida Gulshan Ara ◽  
ASM Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Umme Kulsum Sharmin Zaman ◽  
Anjuman Ara ◽  
Reeva Aireen Busreea
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Female Genital

This cross sectional descriptive study was done to see the length of the cervix in Bangladeshi cadaver to find out the anatomical variation and to compare it with other study findings. 60 post mortem specimens containing female genital organs particularly uterine cervix were collected by purposive sampling technique from cadavers of different age groups. All the collected specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution. This study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College from July 2006 to June 2007. Both gross and fine dissections were performed to measure the length of the uterine cervix. We compare our study findings with that of the references. Maximum mean length of the cervix was found in the 13-45 years age group. It was 2.89 cm. CBMJ 2016 July: Vol. 05 No. 02 P: 26-28

scholarly journals Blood donation practice and associated factors among health professionals working at heath centers in Nefas Silk Lafto sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Mentamir Abe ◽  
Mesafint Abeje Tiruneh ◽  
Kidanemariam Beyene
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Cross Sectional

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Accessibility of a safe and adequate blood transfusion is a challenge worldwide and even more critical in Africa. Even though blood donation is lifesaving practice, current blood supply is far less compared to the demand in Ethiopia. However, there is limited information in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess blood donation practice and associated factors among health professionals working at heath center in Nefas Silk Lafto sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among health professionals working at health centers in Nefas Silk Lafto sub city, Addis Ababa from 23 August 2019 to 20 September 2019. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected used self-administered structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for data analysis.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 459 health professionals were included in the study with a response rate of 98.4%. Only 157 (34.2%) of them donated blood in the last five years. Age (AOR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.79), blood collection site (AOR=3.46, 95% CI: 2.03, 5.89), blood collection working (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.44) and knowledge (AOR=0.32, 95% CL: 0.14, 0.76) were significantly associated with blood donation practice.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Blood donation practice was low. Age of health professionals, blood collection site, blood collection working hour and knowledge were significantly associated with blood donation practice. Therefore, establish fixed and mobile collection site and convenient time for blood donors and awareness creation is crucial.</p>

scholarly journals Magnitude of hypothyroidism among patients of cholelithiasis in a tertiary care centre in rural West Bengal: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3375
Author(s):  
Jaganmoy Maji ◽  
Debjyoti Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Stone Formation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Elder Patients ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common pathology of the gall bladder affecting about 10 to 15% of the adults in western countries and 2 to 29% in India. More than 80% of the patients with cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Hypothyroidism may cause gall stone formation due to the hyperlipidemia, motility disorders affecting the bile duct and sphincter of Oddi.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Surgery, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura from March 2019 to February 2020 for duration of one and half year. The sample size was 54 and consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for the sampling. All the collected data were recorded in a pre-designed proforma and analyzed in MS excel.Results: Out of 54-patients with cholelithiasis, 28% patients were from the age group 45-54 years.40% patients were hypothyroid pre-dominantly females. Among 30-female patients 11 (26.82%) were hypothyroid and among 11-male patients 2 (15.38%) were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism in male and female was statistically significant.Conclusions: This study was introduced to determine the relationship between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. It was concluded that hypothyroidism was more common in female, obese and elder patients. The gender distribution of the hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis was statistically significant while all other variables were statistically not significant.  

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Samuel Umuro ◽  
Yared Lasebew Asres ◽  
Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1–30, 2018 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p < 0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8%, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR = 6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR = 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR = 3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure Control Practice and Determinants among Ambulatory Hypertensive Patients Attending Primary Health care facilities in Addis Ababa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firehiwot Amare ◽  
Teshome Nedi ◽  
Derbew Fikadu Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Patient Interview ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) related morbidity and mortality. Blood pressure (BP) is often not adequately controlled in clinical practice. Information regarding BP control in primary care settings is limited in Ethiopia.The aim of this study was to assess BP control and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending primary healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in 12 health centers in Addis Ababa city selected by multistage sampling. A total of 616 hypertensive patients were included by a systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by patient interview and patients’ medical record review. Results Out of 634 study participants, 616 had complete information onmedical record and during patient interview. The mean age of study participants was 58.90 (SD 13.04), most of them 321(52.1%) were ≥60 years old, and on monotherapy 485(78.9%). Methyldopa was the most monotherapy prescribed,128 (20.8%). Only 31%(n=191) of patients had controlled BP. Determinants for poor BP control were age of less than 60 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)= 3.06, 95% CI: 1.96, 4.78), work status; government employee (AOR= 2.41, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.90), retired (AOR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.18), private business (AOR= 2.09, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.74) and being hypertensive for 10 or more years (AOR= 1.96, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.43). Significant predictors of achieving controlled BP were; weekly BP measurement (AOR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.90) and tertiary level education (AOR= 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.54). Conclusion Only one third of patients had controlled BP. Effort should be made to address identified determinants including age, regular BP monitoring and level of education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document