scholarly journals A study on paediatric stridor causes and management: case series

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
D. K. Selvam ◽  
V. J. Vikram ◽  
M Saktheeswaran ◽  
Mohammed Irfad M P
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Paediatric Age

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Stridor is one of the life threatening symptoms presenting to the Emergency Department. Stridor is a sign of airway obstruction, so it demands immediate attention and thorough evaluation to uncover the precise underlying cause. This study on paediatric stridor is to find the causes of stridor in paediatric age group are to identify the cause to initiate treatment of stridor, suggest an approach to evaluate and manage the underlying cause.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective study of series 515 cases<strong> </strong>in paediatric age group<strong>,</strong> below 12 years of age presenting with respiratory distress to the Emergency department/ENT department. The primary management was to maintain the airway in all cases. Intravenous line established intravenous fluid/antibiotics /steroids/racemic adrenaline, followed by history of the respiratory distress from the parents/ caretakers. Then according to the provisional diagnosis evaluation is done by radiological investigation/ endoscopy.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Laryngomalacia was the most common cause of infant stridor in less than one year of age in 348 cases, while Foreign body aspiration is the most common cause of stridor in age group one to 12 years in 122 cases. 358 cases (69%) were treated conservatively and cause related management was done in 157 (31%). Endoscopy and imaging offers the best methods in evaluating and treatment of pediatric stridor.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>The management of stridor in pediatric age group is a team work of ENT surgeons, Pediatrician, Pediatric surgeons, anaesthetist. The airway maintenance is the main management followed by ENT examination, evaluation by imaging, endoscopy and treatment of the cause. We follow the airway management algorithm in order to evaluate the child for diagnosis of the cause for treatment and successful outcomes of stridulous pediatric patients. <p> </p>

Study on MRI Spectrum of ACL Tears in Pediatric Age Group: A Case Series

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
Bharat Bhushan Sharma ◽  
Naresh Chander Arora ◽  
Manav Sethi ◽  
Neeru Kapur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Early Multi-organ Point-of-Care Ultrasound Evaluation of Respiratory Distress During SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Farrow ◽  
Graham Becherer-Bailey ◽  
Daniel Mantuani ◽  
Arun Nagdev
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Care Assessment

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several case series from Italy and China have highlighted the lung ultrasound findings of this disease process and may demonstrate its clinical utility during the current pandemic. Case Report: We present a case of a COVID-19 patient who presented to the emergency department twice within a 24-hour period with rapidly progressing illness. A multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) evaluation was used on the return visit and assisted clinical decision-making. Discussion: A multi-organ POCUS exam allows for quick assessment of acute dyspnea in the emergency department. As the lung involvement of COVID-19 is primarily a peripheral process it is readily identifiable via lung ultrasound. We believe that when applied efficiently and safely a POCUS exam can reduce clinical uncertainty and potentially limit the use of other imaging modalities when treating patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: This case highlights the utility of an early multiorgan point-of-care assessment for patients presenting with moderate respiratory distress during the severe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

scholarly journals Delayed presentation of fracture of lateral condyle of humerus in pediatric age group treated by ORIF and ulnar peg grafting: A case series

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Nishikant Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Meena ◽  
Anil Mehtani ◽  
Chandrashekhar Yadav ◽  
Rishi Raj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Lateral Condyle ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

scholarly journals Currarino syndrome or Hirschsprung disease: how to prevent diagnostic dilemma in chronic constipation

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mokarram Ali ◽  
Ram Jeewan Singh ◽  
Rashi Rashi ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Amit Kumar Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Constipation ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Currarino Syndrome ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

Abstract Background Currarino syndrome is a rare congenital malformation having autosomal dominant inheritance. It comprises of anorectal malformation, presacral mass, and sacral vertebral defect occurring in variable proportion. The most common presentation is chronic constipation which is usually due to compression of rectum by anterior sacral mass. If clinical examination is not properly done and digital rectal examination is excluded from the examination, it can be misdiagnosed as other common cause of constipation like Hirschsprung disease. Case presentation We are reporting one such case of one-and-half-year-old female child with chronic constipation which was initially managed as Hirschsprung disease, but later on, after a repeat clinical examination with digital rectal examination, it was evaluated on the line of Currarino syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography of abdomen with 3 dimensional reconstruction. It was then managed by posterior sagittal approach with excision of mass and anorectoplasty. Conclusion A proper protocol for clinical evaluation of patient with constipation prevents diagnostic dilemma between surgical causes of constipation in pediatric age group. Digital rectal examination must be included in the protocol for evaluation of chronic constipation. In pediatric age group, clinical workup should be done with keeping in mind the rare diagnosis of Currarino syndrome along with common cause of constipation like Hirschsprung disease.

scholarly journals STUDY IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP UNDERGOING EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY : OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Akash KR. Gupta ◽  
Manoj KR Das ◽  
Marshal D Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Colonic Atresia ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis

INTRODUCTION: Acute abdomen can be defined as “syndrome included by wide variety of pathological conditions that require emergent medical or more often surgical management.” Acute abdomen is caused due to gastrointestinal diseases such as intestinal obstruction and perforation peritonitis. AIM: The aim of our study was to observe the common cause in paediatric age group undergoing emergency laprotomy in our institutions. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This prospective study included 77children aged below or equal to 15years, underwent emergency laprotomy for acute intestinal conditions between January 2019 to December 2019 in RIMS,RANCHI. We excluded neonates ,patients of jejunoileal colonic atresia and stenosis, anorectal malformation(ARM), congenital pouch colon, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), hirschprung’s disease, gastrointestinal tumor. RESULTS: Total of 77 laprotomies were performed in emergency in children below or equal to 15 years age,59(76.62% ) were boys and 18(23.37% )were girls with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. 36(46.75%) cases were done for acute intestinal obstruction and 41(53.24%) cases were done for perforation peritonitis.20(25.97%)emergency laprotomy was performed in the age group 1-5 years and 57(74.02% ) were performed in the age group 5-15 years. Causes in order of frequency for intestinal obstruction were intussusceptions, post operative band/adhesion, abdominal tb obstruction, meckel’s diverticulum and worm obstruction. Causes in order of frequency for perforation peritonitis were typhoid, abdominal tb, appendicular perforation and abdominal trauma. CONCLUSION: In our study maximum emergency laprotomy was performed in male patients with male:female ratio of 3.2:1. Perforation peritonitis was more common than acute intestinal obstruction. 5-15 year age group were more commonly affected. Typhoid ileal perforation was the most common cause for emergency laprotomy followed by intussusception.

scholarly journals A Study on Incidence and Patterns of Acute Poisoning Cases in an Emergency Department of Western Region of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
K. Acharya ◽  
I.S. Kandel ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
S.D. Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Young People ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Introduction: Poisoning is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the Nepal. The objective of our study is to evaluate the incidence and pattern of acute poisoning cases admitted to the Gandaki Medical Teaching Hospital. Methods: This is cross-sectional observational study carried out among acute poisoning cases attending emergency department from January 2015 to December 2017. Results: A total of 156 poisoning cases were treated of which female patients were 71% and the highest numbers (36.5%) of patients were in the age group 21 to 30 years. Organophosphates poisoning was the commonest poison diagnosed among 28.8%, followed by rodenticide poisoning found among 27.5%. Psychiatric illnesses were present among 94.8% of our patients. The most common diagnosis were Anxiety and depression 46.6% followed by family dispute among 30.4%. Above fifty percent of our patients attended our emergency department within 2 hours our ingestion of poisons. Conclusion: Female and young people are at greater risk of acute poisoning. Pesticides were the most common agent. The reasons for the poisoning need to be carefully evaluated and proper support and advice must be given in poisoning cases.

Spinal osteosarcoma in the paediatric age group: Case series and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
R.M. Egea-Gámez ◽  
V. Ponz-Lueza ◽  
A. Cendrero-Torrado ◽  
C. Martínez-González ◽  
J.A. Certucha-Barragán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Case ◽  
Paediatric Age

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Full-Term Newborns

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1132
Author(s):  
J. PFENNINGER ◽  
H. TSCHAEPPELER
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Made In

To the Editor.— Because of our longstanding interest in adult respiratory distress syndrome in the pediatric age group, it was a pleasure to read the article about neonatal adult respiratory distress syndrome by Faix et al.1 However, our experience with the neonatal form of the syndrome differs quite substantially from that reported by Faix; and, therefore, we would like to report just briefly our data from the last 20-month period. During this time the diagnosis of adult respiratory distress syndrome according to classcial criteria was made in 5 newborn infants.

IF NEEDED TO BE SURGICALLY INTERVENED UPON, IN THE PAEDIATRIC DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURES, WHICH IS THE BETTER AMONG THE AVAILABLE FIXATION DEVICES-A CASE SERIES CONSIDERATION.

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar.C ◽  
Vibishek Raj ◽  
Sathish Babu ◽  
Venkatachalam K ◽  
Danial Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plate Osteosynthesis ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Case Series ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Diaphyseal Fractures ◽  
Radiographic Grading

Humeral fractures, in the paediatric age group, have two peaks of incidence. It has a high incidence in babies below three years of age, and again also in children, above 10 years of age. The objective of our study, was to compare the most popular operative techniques for handling humeral diaphyseal fractures, in the paediatric age group, such as Plate Osteosynthesis (Locking Compression Plate), Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing System (ESIS), and the External Fixation devices (EF). This prospective study was conducted at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CH&RI), Kelambakkam, from July 2017 to June 2020. A total of 15 patients were a part of this study, of which, 8 were males and 7 were females. The functional outcomes were assessed using the DASH, the Borberg and Morrey scoring system and the radiographic assessment was done using Stan's Radiographic Grading system, in all the three methods of treatment. The Follow up period was for a minimum of twelve months. The Broberg and Morrey Score points were 88.4 (74-95) for LCP, 80.67 for ESIS (70- 91) and 83.87 (80-87) for EF (p value>0.05). In the DASH score, the average was 19.2 in the LCP group, 21.17 and 21.10, respectively, in the ESIS and EF groups. Stan's Radiographic Grading showed Grade 2 to 3 fracture union status, in all the xation modalities of our study. The prudence of the surgeon, his surgical experience, the age of the patient, the geometry of the fracture and the nature of the humeral diaphyseal fracture, all needs to be carefully weighed, analyzed and on a case-to-case basis, the decision has to be taken, regarding which xation device is best suited for that very particular fracture. All the three modalities have been showcased to highlight their pros and cons, not with-standing the fact that, all the three modalities have faired superiorly in giving good to excellent result outcomes.

scholarly journals Etiological factors and clinical profile of acute respiratory distress in children age group 2 months to 2 years and prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus in the study population

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
A. Logesh Anand ◽  
S. Vijayaraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Time Of Admission

Background: Acute lower respiratory tract infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Respiratory infections in infants and small children are of great importance because of small airways. Infection may cause a further narrowing and may lead to respiratory distress. To evaluate the etiological factors, clinical profile and outcome of acute respiratory distress in the age group 2 months to 2 years.Methods: This study was conducted in the Paediatric department of Government Mohan Kumarmangalam medical college hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India in the year September 2017-March 2018. Totally 183 cases of acute respiratory distress children were included in the study. A thorough clinical examination was done at the time of admission and management details were recorded into the proforma. Respiratory distress is defined as per WHO protocol as respiratory rate more than 50/minute in infants from 2 months to 12 months of age, and more than 40/minute in children from 13 months to 24 months of age.Results: Of the 72 cases of bronchiolitis, 32 cases (44%) tested positive for IgM at the time of admission and no cases in the control population tested positive for IgM. Of the 72 cases of bronchiolitis in the study population, 52 cases (72%) tested positive for ELISA IgG at the time of admission and 2 cases among the controls tested positive for ELISA IgG.Conclusions: Pneumonia was the most common cause of respiratory illness in the study population. Overcrowding was the major risk factor contributing to acute respiratory illness. Incidence of acute respiratory distress was high among undernourished children.

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