scholarly journals Skin disorders among elderly population without comorbidities: a hospital based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Pooja Bains
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Seborrheic Keratosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dermatological Disease ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Baseline Information

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Aging is a permanent and progressive degenerative process which affects all organs of the body, including skin. There is a structural and physiologic transformation that arises as a result of intrinsic aging along with extrinsic damage which makes elderly skin more vulnerable to dermatologic disorders. In this study, we set out to determine the frequency and pattern of dermatological diseases in geriatric patients without chronic systemic illness and comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiac illness.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We enrolled 350 patients of the age 60 years and above who were not suffering from any chronic systemic disease for the study. Baseline information and clinical examination were done to make the diagnosis.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The male: female ratio in our study was 1.14:1. The mean age of presentation was 68 year. The minimum age of patient was 60 years and maximum was 92 years. The most frequently encountered diseases in patients were eczematous dermatitis, fungal infections, scabies, xerosis and pruritus. Among eczemas, seborrheic dermatitis was the most common. Very few patients of solar lentigenes, skin tags and seborrheic keratosis came for dermatological consultation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Eczemas were the most common dermatological disease in elderly in our study and pruritus was the most frequent complaint for which elderly visited skin Out Patient Department. Most of the diseases could possibly have been prevented.</p>

Electrocution deaths reported in South Delhi, India: A retrospective analysis of 16 years of data from 2002 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Chittaranjan Behera ◽  
Asit Kumar Sikary ◽  
Ravi Rautji ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio

This study is a retrospective analysis of 428 cases of electrocution deaths in the region of South Delhi, India, which were autopsied at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, during the 16-year period 2002–2017. The cases were analysed with regard to the age and sex of the victim, season of the year, site of the body, time of day, place of occurrence and presence of entry and exit wounds on the body. The cases represented approximately 1.8% of all autopsy cases during the period. The main findings of the study showed that the majority of cases involved adult males at home during the monsoon season, with a low-voltage electrical supply affecting the upper extremities. This study also confirms that not all cases of electrocution show electrocution marks. Comparison with an older study undertaken within the same population showed no difference in the pattern of cases, apart from a decreasing male-female ratio.

scholarly journals Destructive disinfection of infected brood prevents systemic disease spread in ant colonies

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D Pull ◽  
Line V Ugelvig ◽  
Florian Wiesenhofer ◽  
Anna V Grasse ◽  
Simon Tragust ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Ant Colonies ◽  
Lasius Neglectus ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Inside Out

In social groups, infections have the potential to spread rapidly and cause disease outbreaks. Here, we show that in a social insect, the ant Lasius neglectus, the negative consequences of fungal infections (Metarhizium brunneum) can be mitigated by employing an efficient multicomponent behaviour, termed destructive disinfection, which prevents further spread of the disease through the colony. Ants specifically target infected pupae during the pathogen’s non-contagious incubation period, utilising chemical ‘sickness cues’ emitted by pupae. They then remove the pupal cocoon, perforate its cuticle and administer antimicrobial poison, which enters the body and prevents pathogen replication from the inside out. Like the immune system of a metazoan body that specifically targets and eliminates infected cells, ants destroy infected brood to stop the pathogen completing its lifecycle, thus protecting the rest of the colony. Hence, in an analogous fashion, the same principles of disease defence apply at different levels of biological organisation.

scholarly journals Infections in Children with Newly Diagnosed Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Shanjoy Kumar Paul ◽  
Quazi Rakibul Islam ◽  
Golam Muin Uddin ◽  
M Moazzam Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Acute Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Medical University

Patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are susceptible to different types of bacterial, viral & fungal infections. This prospective observational study was performed in the Pediatric Nephrology unit of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January, 2006 to May, 2008 to determine the types of infection associated with initial attack of idiopathic NS and to alert the physicians about this so that they can take preventive and therapeutic measures more promptly. 112 admitted children aged one to fifteen years with first attack of idiopathic NS were included. After control of existing infection, prednisolone was given in recommended dose & duration. All patients were followed for development of any type of new infection up to completion of treatment. Mean age was 61.87 months & male female ratio was 1.49:1. Most patients (78.57%) had been suffering from different types of infection on admission with male preponderence (59.09%) & most were under-6 years old (67.04%). During prednisolone therapy, 29.46% patients developed infections, 63.64% were male and under-6 years old were 72.73%. Fever, cough, abdominal pain & loose motion were the commonest presentations related to infection. Acute respiratory infection (ARI), acute watery diarrhea & urinary tract infection (UTI) were the most common infections on admission (53.57%, 34.82%, and 7.14% respectively). ARI & oral thrush were commonest infections during treatment with prednisolone (14.27% & 12.50% respectively). Infection should be ruled out carefully in every case of NS at each visit and during management in hospital & outside to reduce morbidity & mortality. Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal Volume 12, Issue 3, September 2013: 1-4

scholarly journals Management of traumatic and non traumatic hollow visceral perforation in North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Naresh Pal ◽  
Vineet Mishra ◽  
Amit Jangra ◽  
Poonam . ◽  
Udit Jain
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
North India ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Perforation Peritonitis ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
Ultimate Fate ◽  
Antibiotic Coverage

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hollow visceral perforation is the commonest perforation among all the hollow viscera in the body. The perforation can be traumatic or non-traumatic and it constitute commonest surgical emergency worldwide. The diagnosis of perforation can be made clinically but for confirmation basic radiological investigations and sometimes special investigation are required.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective observational study conducted in our institute in the Department of General Surgery. The patients who are included in this study were more than 15 years of age in both sexes having hollow visceral perforation presenting in accident and emergency department.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 624 patients, 530 (84.93%) were males while only 94 (15.06%) were females, with a male: female ratio of 5.63:1. The site of perforation are ileum 37.01% duodenum, 28.36% maximum sites of hollow viscous perforation. Acid peptic disease was the cause of perforation in 27.40% of 171 cases. Enteric fever accounted maximally for 29% of 181 cases and all in the ileum. Acute appendicitis resulted in perforation of the appendix in 64 cases (10.25%) while blunt trauma abdomen causes perforation in 12.66% of 79 cases. Perforation due to stab injury accounted for 5.12% and fire arm injury perforation seen in 19 patients (3.04%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early diagnosis of perforation, resuscitation with crystalloids with broad spectrum antibiotic coverage and urgent surgical intervention whenever patient is fit for anaesthesia are the important factors which decides the ultimate fate of the patient in case of hollow visceral perforation peritonitis. </p>

“CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SURGICAL LESIONS OF FILARIASIS”

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Shinde Sagar Sambhaji ◽  
Atul Kumar Singh ◽  
Shailendra Singh ◽  
Abhilash Singh ◽  
C.P. Lahariya
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Infected Mosquito ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Maculopapular Eruption ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Thick Skin

Background: Lymphatic lariasis, transmitted by mosquitoes is the commonest cause of lymphedema in endemic countries. Among 120 million infected people in 83 countries, up to 16 million have lymphedema. Microlariae ingested by mosquitoes grow into infective larvae. These larvae entering humans after infected mosquito bites grow in the lymphatics to adult worms that cause damage to lymphatics resulting in dilatation of lymph vessels. This earliest pathology is demonstrated in adults as well as in children, by ultrasonography, lymphoscintigraphy and histopathology studies. Once established, this damage was thought to be irreversible. This lymphatic damage predisposes to bacterial infection that causes recurrent acute attacks of dermato-lymphangio-adenitis in the affected limbs. Bacteria, mainly streptococci gain entry into the lymphatics through 'entry lesions' in skin, like interdigital fungal infections, injuries, eczema or similar causes that disrupt integrity of skin. Methods-This study was conducted among 124 patients who attended SOPD and Filaria clinic (103) and admitted in Surgical wards (21) of S.G.M Hospital Rewa. All incidence, surgical manifestations and clinical diagnosed of lariasis in surgical patients include the study. Children with <6 years of age, critically ill patients and cases where calcication has been established for the exclusion criteria. Follow up of the patients was done on 7th, 14th and 21th day and the treatment effects were recorded every time. Complications, progression / regression and over all effects were recorded. Results- Filarial disease was diagnosed in 124 patients. The majority of the patients with Filarial disease 28.22% and Microlaria positive 80% were in the age group of 21-30 years . Youngest patient was 7 years male with right thigh lymphedema and oldest patient was 74 years old male with bilateral hydrocele. male : female ratio with Filarial disease is 2.86:1. Regional lymphadenopathy was noted in 17.74%, overlying skin was inamed and oedematous in 12.9%, hypertrophic or thick skin 4.03%, ulceration and nodularity was present in 2.41% each .Maculopapular eruption and blisters was present in 1.61 % cases each. The commonest manifestation constituted 54.03% of cases. Epididymoorchitis was present in 25%, lymphangitis in 13.71%, lymphadenitis in 11.29%, hydrocele in 7.26%, and cellulitis in 4.84% cases. Funiculitis and elephantiasis in 4.84% and 4.03% respectively. Conclusion- Reducing the suffering caused by LF through morbidity management and disability prevention. The general population should be well educated and informed about the disease and prevention from mosquito bite. Patients who are already suffering from the disease should be made aware of the treatment modalities available and benets of promoting self-hygiene and self-help regimens. From the current study we can conclude that prevalence of laria in Vindhya Region is 0.11% which is less than 1% which was target under NPELF.

scholarly journals Pityriasis Versicolor in Kashmir - A Study of 200 Patients

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Sheikh Manzoor ◽  
Yasmeen J Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Pityriasis Versicolor ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dimorphic Fungus ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Systemic Disorder ◽  
Tropical Areas

Background: Pityriasis versicolor is a mild, superficial chronic infection of the skin characterised by discrete or confluent, scaly discoloured irregular macules on the upper trunk and extremities, caused by a commensal dimorphic fungus Malassezia. It is more common in tropical areas. The aim of present study was to find the epidemiology and clinical pattern of pityriasis versicolor in Kashmir, a temperate area. Materials and Methods:Two hundred patients of pityriasis versicolor who attended the dermatology OPD at SKIMS Medical College were studied after confirming the diagnosis with KOH test. Most of the patients were male with a male-female ratio of 1.7:1, main age group involved was in second decade. Neck, chest and upper back were the main sites involved with patients presenting mainly with hypopigmented macules. The significant associated dermatological diseases were acne and seborrheic dermatitis. No significant association was seen with any systemic disorder. Conclusion:The overall clinical course of pityriasis versicolor in Kashmir remains same as in tropical areas. J Med Sci.2010;13(1);4-6

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

CLINICAL, ENDOSCOPIC AND PATHOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COLORECTAL CANCER AT DA NANG HOSPITAL FROM 2016 TO 2017

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Thanh Trung Nguyen ◽  
Duc Nhan Le ◽  
Van Xung Nguyen ◽  
Hieu Trung Doan
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Bloody Stool ◽  
Key Words Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Objective: To study the clinical, endoscopy and pathogical characteristics of colorectal cancer at Da Nang Hospital. Methods: A retrospectively descriptive study, performed from 01/01/2016 to 31/12/2017 at Da Nang Hospital. Results: During two years, there were 205 cases of colorectal cancer patients hospitalized to Da Nang Hospital. Male: 59.51%, female: 40.49%, mean age: 65.8 ± 16.07. Male is higher than female, male/ female ratio is 1.4/1. The period from the first symptoms to admission < 3months predominated (83.8%). The predominant symptoms: Abdominal pain (85.85%), bloody stool (63.41%), defecation (62.44%), anemia (34.63%), weight loss (25.85%), fatigue (17.56%), abdominal distention (12.19%), nausea and vomiting (5.36%). Location of Lesions: Rectum (43.42%), sigmoid colon (20%), right colon (10.73%),cecum (10.73%), transverse colon (7.80%), left-colon (7.32%). Type of lesion on endoscopy: Exophytic (63.41%), ulceration-Exophytic (21.95%), ulceration (7.32%), polyp chemotherapy (7.32). Tumor size: ≥ 3/4 perimeter (39%), occupying the whole circumference (37.0%), occupying ≥ 1/2 perimeter (15.6%), accounting for 1/4 Perimeter (8.4%). The colon completely narrowed rate: 70.73%., incompletely was 29.27%. Histopathological classification: adenocarcinoma (85.85%), Mucinous adenocarcinoma: (9.27%) and non-differentiated epithelial carcinoma was 4.88%. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer was quite popular and was usually detected at advanced stages.Therefore, screening for subjects with risk factors for early detection and treatment is recommended. Key words: Colorectal cancer, endoscopy, pathogical characteristics...

CLINICAL FEATURES, INDICATIONS AND RESULT OF TRACHEOTOMY

2017 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Duc Luu Ngo ◽  
Tu The Nguyen ◽  
Manh Hung Ho ◽  
Thanh Thai Le
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tube Obstruction ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Level I

Background: This study aims to survey some clinical features, indications and results of tracheotomy at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University Hospital. Patients and method: Studying on 77 patients who underwent tracheotomy at all of departments and designed as an prospective, descriptive and interventional study. Results: Male-female ratio was 4/1. Mean age was 49 years. Career: farmer 44.2%, worker 27.2%, officials 14.3%, student 7.8%, other jobs 6.5%. Respiratory condition before tracheotomy: underwent intubation 62.3%, didn’t undergo intubation 37.7%. Period of stay of endotracheal tube: 1-5 days 29.2%, 6-14 days 52.1%, >14 days 18.7%. Levels of dyspnea before tracheotomy: level I 41.4%, level II 48.3%, level III 0%, 10.3% of cases didn’t have dyspnea. Twenty cases (26%) were performed as an emergency while fifty seven (74%) as elective produces. Classic indications (37.7%) and modern indications (62.3%). On the bases of the site, we divided tracheostomy into three groups: high (0%), mid (25.3%) and low (74.7%). During follow-up, 44 complications occurred in 29 patients (37.7%). Tracheobronchitis 14.3%, tube obstruction 13%, subcutaneous empysema 10.4%, hemorrhage 5%, diffcult decannulation 5.2%, tube displacement 3.9%, canule watery past 2.6%, wound infection 1.3%. The final result after tracheotomy 3 months: there are 33 patients (42.9%) were successfully decannulated. In the 33 patients who were successfully decannulated: the duration of tracheotomy ranged from 1 day to 90 days, beautiful scar (51.5%), medium scar (36.4%), bad scar (12.1%). Conclusions: In tracheotomy male were more than female, adult were more than children. The main indication was morden indication. Tracheobronchitis and tube obstruction were more common than other complications. Key words: Tracheotomy

Fournier’s gangrene due to Salmonella Typhimurium in a healthy male: a rare aberrant infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Gupta ◽  
Lipika Singhal ◽  
Kritika Pal ◽  
Mani Bhushan ◽  
Rajeev Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Fournier’S Gangrene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Fournier's Gangrene ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Human Infections

Introduction: Human Salmonella infections have been classically distinguised into diseases caused by typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonella (NTS). Typhiodal salmonella includes S. enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi that cause the systemic disease but are restricted to human infections, while NTS consists mainly of other serovars that predominantly cause self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans. Localisation of foci with persisting infection occurs due to dissemination of the bacteria throughout the body and can cause a variety of rare clinical syndromes at aberrant sites. Fournier’s gangrene, a rapidly progressive, often fatal, necrotizing fasciitis of the external genitalia and perineum due to Salmonella Typhimurium, is a rare manifestation and has never been reported. Case: A 22-year-old male, apparently healthy patient with no relevant past medical history presented to surgical emergency with chief complaints of swelling of bilateral scrotal area. Infective etiology was considered and a diagnosis of fournier’s gangrene was made. Pure growth of Salmonella Typhimurium was obtained after repeated subculture and was identified biochemically and on serotyping, as Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium using specific antisera. Conclusion: In our case report, we describe a case of fournier’s gangrene due to Salmonella Typhimurium in an otherwise healthy male to highlight the unusual presentation of Non typhoidal salmonellae at an aberrant site. We also emphasize the importance of using selective media like Selenite F broth for isolation of Salmonella Typhimurium from a pus sample.

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