A Legal Understanding of the Reorganization of International Order in the Modern Period - A Comparative Study of the Reception of Law -

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (null) ◽  
pp. 137-155
Author(s):  
박종현
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
International Order ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Legal Understanding

scholarly journals 2. The rise of modern international order

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Ideas

This chapter examines the rise of modern international order. It begins with a discussion of international orders before the modern period, focusing on how trade and transport helped to link diverse parts of the world. It then considers debates about the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, along with nineteenth-century developments such as industrialization and imperialism. It also explores the main ideas that underpinned modern international order, the ‘shrinking of the planet’ that arose from the advent of new technologies, the emergence of intergovernmental organizations and international non-governmental organizations, and the advent of a radically unequal international order. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the significance of nineteenth-century developments for twentieth- and twenty-first-century international relations.

scholarly journals GLOBALISASI DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM): STUDI KASUS PELANGGARAN HAM DI MYANMAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Verdinand Robertua
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Relation ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
International Order ◽  
English School ◽  
A Value ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Hedley Bull

AbstractThis article is a conceptual review focusing theinterrelatedness of globalization and human rights.Myanmar governments has been accused ofexploiting Myanmar’s human rights and Europeangovernments has applied sanctions andcondemnations toward Myanmar. The researchquestion is how human rights value internalize toMyanmar in the context of globalization. Toanswer this question, the author used EnglishSchool Theory pioneered by Hedley Bull and BarryBuzan. Since this is a value debate, three conceptsof English School will be used as value comparisonwhich are international order, pluralism andsolidarism. Through comparative study of values,this article concluded that universalization ofhuman rights through sanctions provokedresistance from ASEAN countries. National andlocal values of ASEAN countries such as sovereigntyand order have balanced the human rights value.“ASEAN Way” is symbol of balanced interactionbetween global and local values. Coexistence, a keyconcept of English School, become a key conceptrelevant in discussing the interrelatedness ofglobalization and human rights in the context ofMyanmar.Keywords: Globalization, Human Rights, EnglishSchool, Pluaralism, Solidarism, International Order,ASEAN, Myanmar AbstrakArtikel ini merupakan kajian konseptual membahasketerkaitan antara fenomena globalisasi dankonsep hak asasi manusia melalui studi kasuspelanggaran HAM di Myanmar. Tindakan dankebijakan Pemerintah Myanmar dianggapmerampas hak asasi manusia Myanmar danmemicu kemarahan dan sanksi ekonomi dari UniEropa Eropa. Pertanyaan yang diangkat adalahbagaimana penyebaran nilai HAM dalam konteksglobalisasi dengan studi kasus Myanmar. Untukmenjawab pertanyaan ini, penulis menggunakanteori English School of International Relation yangdigagas oleh Hedley Bull dan Barry Buzan. Dalammelihat perdebatan nilai HAM ini, terdapat tigakonsep English School untuk menjadi studiperbandingan nilai yaitu tatanan internasional,pluralism dan solidarisme. Melalui studiperbandingan nilai ini, penulis berkesimpulanbahwa globalisasi nilai HAM melalui instrumensanksi yang diterapkan Uni Eropa menghasilkanresistensi dari negara-negara ASEAN dan terciptainteraksi yang lebih berimbang denganmemperhatikan nilai-nilai yang diadopsi negaranegaraASEAN. Coexistence yang diajukan konseppluralisme dalam bentuk “ASEAN Way” menjadirelevan dalam perdebatan nilai HAM di Myanmar.Kata kunci: Globalisasi, Hak Asasi Manusia, EnglishSchool, Pluralisme, Solidarisme, TatananInternasional, ASEAN, Myanmar

scholarly journals Estudo comparativo das receitas das câmaras de Vila Rica e Vila de São João del Rei, 1719-1750 (Comparative study of the revenue of the council of Vila Rica and Vila de São João del Rei, 1719-1750)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (25) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Fernanda Fioravante Kelmer Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

<p>O presente artigo tem por objetivo a discussão acerca das receitas das câmaras mineiras de Vila Rica e Vila de São João del Rei entre os anos de 1719 e 1750. De modo geral, a historiografia sobre o tema, seja em Portugal, seja no Brasil, apesar de pouco sistemática, defende o senso comum de que as receitas das câmaras no período moderno eram bastante modestas. Dessa forma, para melhor compreender os números da receita camarária, especialmente no que concerne à atuação da câmara frente ao bem comum dos povos e ordenação da sociedade, busquei realizar uma análise pormenorizada e sistemática da receita anual de duas importantes câmaras mineiras na primeira metade do século XVIII, bem como inserir a discussão dentro do debate historiográfico atinente aos recursos da câmara. Para além, o artigo em questão assume uma perspectiva comparativa tanto no que concerne aos dados fornecidos pela historiografia, quanto em relação às duas câmaras em apreço.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>In general, both in Portugal and in Brazil, the historiography on the subject, although unsystematic, defends the common sense that the revenue from the council in the modern period was rather modest. Thus, to better understand the revenue of the council, especially in relation to the performance of the council in the common good of the people and in the ordering of society, the article examines in detail the revenue of the two major councils of captaincy of Minas Gerais in the first half eighteenth century. The text also contextualizes the discussion within the historiographical debate on the subject. The article analyses the data provided by the historiography, and the relationship between the two councils, from a comparative perspective.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Colonial Minas; Council’s revenue; Council’s function.</p>

scholarly journals 2. The rise of modern international order

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
George Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
International Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
Intergovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Ideas

This chapter examines the rise of modern international order. It begins with a discussion of international orders before the modern period, focusing on how trade and transport helped to link diverse parts of the world. It then considers debates about the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, along with nineteenth-century developments such as industrialization and imperialism. It also explores the main ideas that underpinned modern international order, the ‘shrinking of the planet’ that arose from the advent of new technologies, the emergence of intergovernmental organizations and international non-governmental organizations, and the advent of a radically unequal international order. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the significance of nineteenth-century developments for twentieth- and twenty-first-century international relations.

The Legislation of Islamic Jurisprudence: A Dialogue between Opponents and Proponents

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Comparative Study

AbstractIjtihād, either individual or collective, has been controversial from the very beginning with respect to what extent the legislation of verdicts by Muslim jurists is allowed. There are two main opinions about taqnīn, i.e., the legislation of Islamic jurisprudence. The majority of Saudi scholars say that it is ḥarām i.e., legally forbidden in Islamic Sharīʿa, whereas the majority of Egyptian jurists are of the opinion that it is essential and needed in the modern period. Most Muslim countries follow the Egyptian view by enforcing written constitutions and laws. The conclusion from the comparative study of arguments is that it is somehow better that there be no taqnīn. The evidence and arguments presented bythose scholars who argue for doing away with taqnīn seem more convincing because their basis is sharīʿa rulings and they also provide logical, historical, and observable evidence as well, whereas the other side proves it case by quoting general principles from Maṣlaḥa, Sadd al-Dharāʾiʿ, and Istiḥsān, and most of their arguments are based on experience, logic, and demonstrable proofs and do not provide enough Sharīʿa support. Historically, however, we have seen and how skillfully and exquisitely Sharīʿa Courts have worked in the past 13 centuries without taqnīn.

Belonging Across the Diaspora

2021 ◽  
pp. 585-603
Author(s):  
David Slucki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Order ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Changing World

This chapter traces the rise of global Jewish organizations in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, arguing that such groups helped usher Jews into modernity. This was a period of great technological advancement, in which the rise of mass transportation and mass communication meant that Jews enjoyed unprecedented mobility. Jewish communities also experienced great upheaval, with the breakdown of traditional Jewish institutions, particularly the medieval kehilla. As a response to these changing circumstances, Jews in the United States and Europe established modern and secular organizations and found ways to be Jewish in a changing world. These associations served a range of purposes: fraternal, political, cultural, and memorial. This chapter focuses on some of the most important of these bodies, including the International Order of the B’nai B’rith, the Jewish Labor Bund, and landsmanshaftn, which together helped shape the lives of millions of Jews in the modern period.

Maxims of Foreign Policy

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
W.J. Boot
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Japanese Identity

In the pre-modern period, Japanese identity was articulated in contrast with China. It was, however, articulated in reference to criteria that were commonly accepted in the whole East-Asian cultural sphere; criteria, therefore, that were Chinese in origin.One of the fields in which Japan's conception of a Japanese identity was enacted was that of foreign relations, i.e. of Japan's relations with China, the various kingdoms in Korea, and from the second half of the sixteenth century onwards, with the Portuguese, Spaniards, Dutchmen, and the Kingdom of the Ryūkū.

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