scholarly journals Biaxial flexural strength of ceramic veneering techniques to yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength

scholarly journals Effect of Low-Concentration Hydrofluoric Acid Etching on Shear Bond Strength and Biaxial Flexural Strength after Thermocycling

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
You-Jung Kang ◽  
Yooseok Shin ◽  
Jee-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Air Abrasion ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Group A

This study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of resin cements according to the surface treatment method using low-temperature hot etching with hydrofluoric acid (HF) on a yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) surface; 96 discs and 72 cubes for BFS and SBS tests for Y-TZP were randomly divided into four groups of BFS and three groups of SBS. Specimens were subjected to the following surface treatments: (1) no treatment (C), (2) air abrasion with 50 μm Al2O3 particles (A), (3) hot etching with HF at 100 °C for 10 min (E), and (4) air abrasion + hot etching (AE). After treatments, the specimens were coated with primer, and resin cement was applied with molds. The specimens were evaluated for roughness (Ra) via scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, and the data were analyzed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Group E produced significantly higher SBS compared to group A and AE before and after thermocycling. The BFSs of all groups showed no significant differences before thermocycling; however, after thermocycling, C and E treatment groups were significantly higher compared to group A and AE. All groups showed phase transformation. Group E was observed lower monoclinic phase transformation compared to other groups.

scholarly journals Additively Manufactured Zirconia for Dental Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3694
Author(s):  
Hiroto Nakai ◽  
Masanao Inokoshi ◽  
Kosuke Nozaki ◽  
Keiji Komatsu ◽  
Shingo Kamijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Weibull Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Similar Phase

We aimed to assess the crystallography, microstructure and flexural strength of zirconia-based ceramics made by stereolithography (SLA). Two additively manufactured 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP: LithaCon 3Y 230, Lithoz; 3D Mix zirconia, 3DCeram Sinto) and one alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ: 3D Mix ATZ, 3DCeram Sinto) were compared to subtractively manufactured 3Y-TZP (control: LAVA Plus, 3M Oral Care). Crystallographic analysis was conducted by X-ray diffraction. Top surfaces and cross-sections of the subsurface microstructure were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biaxial flexural strength was statistically compared using Weibull analysis. The additively and subtractively manufactured zirconia grades revealed a similar phase composition. The residual porosity of the SLA 3Y-TZPs and ATZ was comparable to that of subtractively manufactured 3Y-TZP. Weibull analysis revealed that the additively manufactured LithaCon 3Y 230 (Lithoz) had a significantly lower biaxial flexural strength than 3D Mix ATZ (3D Ceram Sinto). The biaxial flexural strength of the subtractively manufactured LAVA Plus (3M Oral Care) was in between those of the additively manufactured 3Y-TZPs, with the additively manufactured ATZ significantly outperforming the subtractively manufactured 3Y-TZP. Additively manufactured 3Y-TZP showed comparable crystallography, microstructure and flexural strength as the subtractively manufactured zirconia, thus potentially being a good option for dental implants.

Development of Y-TZP Pre-Sintered Blocks for CAD-CAM Machining of Dental Prostheses

2008 ◽  
Vol 591-593 ◽  
pp. 712-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta M.C. Sasahara ◽  
H.N. Yoshimura ◽  
Cátia Fredericci ◽  
Alberto Calasans ◽  
Paulo Francisco Cesar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal

The aim of this work was to establish a route to produce pre-sintered blocks of Y-TZP (yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal) suitable to be machined in a commercial CADCAM system, used to manufacture crowns and bridge frameworks for dental applications. Two commercial Y-TZP powders were investigated. The powders were pressed with different compaction pressures (40 to 500 MPa) and pre-sintered at temperature ranging from 900 to 1100°C. Vickers hardness, biaxial flexural strength, and linear shrinkage could be correlated to the relative density of pre-sintered samples. Using an empirical equation, pre-sintered blocks with a pre-defined density could be prepared. The blocks withstood the machining in a CAD-CAM system, and the machined and sintered crowns presented good adaptation.

Effects of Pretreatment, Specimen Thickness, and Artificial Aging on Biaxial Flexural Strength of Two Types of Y-TZP Ceramics

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-624
Author(s):  
A Sundh ◽  
W Kou ◽  
G Sjögren
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARYObjectives:To evaluate the effects of surface treatment, specimen thickness, and aging on the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of two types of yttria-stabilized, tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramics.Methods and Materials:Disc-shaped specimens, 0.4 and 1.3 mm thick, made from hot isostatic pressed (Denzir) and non–hot isostatic pressed (ZirPlus) Y-TZP, were sandblasted, heat treated, and autoclaved. The surface topography was assessed in accordance with European Standard 623-624:2004 and the BFS tests in accordance with International Organization for Standardization Standard 6872:2008. For statistical analyses, one-way Shapiro-Wilk test, analysis of variance (post hoc: least significant differences), Mann-Whitney U-test, and Pearson correlation tests (p<0.05) were used.Results:As delivered, the BFS of the 0.4-mm ZirPlus was >1.3-mm ZirPlus (p<0.01), and the BFS of the 0.4-mm Denzir was >1.3-mm Denzir (p<0.001). Sandblasting with 0.2 MPa reduced the BFS of the ZirPlus and Denzir discs (p<0.01), whereas sandblasting with 0.6 MPa increased the BFS of the 0.4-mm Denzir (p<0.001) and reduced the BFS of the 0.4-mm ZirPlus (p<0.05). Heat treatment significantly reduced the BFS of all the groups except for the 0.6 MPa sandblasted 0.4-mm ZirPlus. Autoclaving reduced the BFS of the as-delivered ZirPlus and Denzir specimens (p<0.001), whereas autoclaving the 0.6 MPa sandblasted and heat-treated specimens had no effect (p>0.05) on the BFS. The 0.6 MPa sandblasted, heat-treated, and autoclaved 0.4-mm Denzir exhibited higher BFS than the 0.6 MPa sandblasted, heat-treated, and autoclaved 0.4-mm ZirPlus (p<0.05).Conclusions:Thickness and surface treatment of Y-TZP–based ceramics should be considered since those factors could influence the BFS of the material.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Surface Treatments on Biaxial Flexural Strength of Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
Teerthesh Jain ◽  
Amit Porwal ◽  
Sumanth Babu ◽  
Zahid A Khan ◽  
Chandeep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal

ABSTRACT Introduction Ceramics are widely applied in dentistry owing to their excellent mechanical and physical attributes. The most popular ceramics are Lava™, KaVo Everest, and Cercon. However, it is unclear whether or not a different surface treatment along with low-temperature aging and mechanical loading (ML) affects the physical properties of computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)-machined yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic. Aim The objective of this research was to assess the impact of various surface treatments as air-particle abrasion, ML, low-temperature degradation (LTD), and their cumulative effects on biaxial flexural properties of Y-TZP. Materials and methods Totally, 50 specimens were fabricated by CAD–CAM machining from Cercon® and divided into five groups following different surface treatments as control (C), air-particle abrasion (Si), ML, LTD, and cumulative treatment (CT) group. Results were investigated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) test. Results The highest biaxial flexural strength was observed in the Si group (950.2 ± 126.7 MPa), followed by the LTD group (861.3 ± 166.8 MPa), CT group (851.2 ± 126.5 MPa), and the least with ML (820 ± 110 MPa). A significant difference was observed in the two-way ANOVA test. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the control group consists of 100% tetragonal zirconia and the maximum amount of monoclinic phase was obtained after LTD. Conclusion No negative effect on biaxial flexural strength was observed; indeed, it increases the biaxial strength. Hence, these surface treatments can be done in routine clinical practice to improve the performance of ceramic restoration. How to cite this article Jain T, Porwal A, Babu S, Khan ZA, Kaur C, Jain RB. Effect of Different Surface Treatments on Biaxial Flexural Strength of Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(3):318-323.

Impact of Silane-containing Universal Adhesive on the Biaxial Flexural Strength of a Resin Cement/Glass-ceramic System

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Murillo-Gómez ◽  
RB Wanderley ◽  
MF De Goes
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Weibull Analysis ◽  
Ceramic System ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Bonded Interface ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
One Way Anova

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to determine whether using a silane-containing universal adhesive as a silane primer in glass-ceramic/resin cement systems affects biaxial flexural strength (BFS) and bonded interface integrity after loading. Glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar/Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) disc-shaped specimens (6.5±0.1mm in diameter, 0.5±0.1mm thick) were etched with 5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 20 seconds and divided into four groups of 30 specimens, to be treated as follows: 1) One bottle silane primer (RCP); 2) Separate application of silane and adhesive (RCP+SB); 3) Silane-containing universal adhesive (SBU); 4) No treatment (C). After silanization, all specimens were resin cement– coated and polymerized for 40 seconds. Each specimen layer was measured, as well as each assembly's thickness, using a digital caliper and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specimens were stored for 24 hours and submitted to a BFS test (1.27 mm/min). BFS values were calculated using the bilayer disc-specimen solution. Bonded interfaces were analyzed on fractured fragments using SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05) were applied, as well as the Weibull analysis. Factor “silane treatment” was statistically significant (p<0.0001). RCP+SB (372.2±29.4 MPa) and RCP (364.2±29.5 MPa) produced significantly higher BFS than did the C (320.7±36.3 MPa) or SBU (338.0±27.1 MPa) groups. No differences were found in the Weibull modulus (m: RCP: 10.1-17.3; RCP+SB: 10.1-17.0; SBU: 12.3-22.4; C: 7.4-12.9). Bonded interface analysis exhibited ceramic-cement separation (SBU, C) and voids within the resin cement layer (all groups). Neither the ceramic/cement system's BFS nor its bonded interface stability were improved by SBU after loading.

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