scholarly journals Association between passive smoking and dental caries among 3-8 years children in Bangalore city

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
ChaithraShree S Rao ◽  
Manisha Agarwal ◽  
Sapna Konde ◽  
Preetha Peethambar ◽  
Sahana N Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation

Salivary antimicrobial peptides (AMP’s) play an important role in the local defense of oral cavity and expression of these are altered by various factors. Among them cigarette smoke has known to have detrimental effects on salivary immune defense mechanisms. The effect of passive smoking on salivary AMP’s and correlation to dental caries in children has not yet been reported. Thus, this study was aimed to assess the correlation between passive smoking and dental caries in exposed and unexposed children. A randomized cross-sectional study was designed to target children aged between 3 to 8 years. Self-reported questionnaire was filled by the parents of the participants to obtain the data. Questionnaires included in the study comprised sections related to demographic part and smoking characteristics. Participants were divided into passive exposed (PE) and unexposed (UE) group based on exposure parameters. Clinical examination and Salivary flow rate were assessed and the obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis. TPE group (5.58+/-4.66) than UE group (3.15+/-3.26) where (p=0.003)and under educated parents (p=0.02). Comparison of smoking related parameters to caries prevalence have shown direct positive correlation.[K1] [M2] The mean DMF scores were higher among children in [K3] [K4] [M5] E group (5.58+/-4.66) than UE group (3.15+/-3.26) where (p=0.003). Also it was seen that the DMF were higher in children who belonged to lower socio-economic status (p= 0.001) and under educated parents (p=0.02). Comparison of smoking related parameters to caries prevalence have shown direct positive correlation. Reduction of passive smoking is important not only for the prevention of various systemic ill-effects, but also for the promotion of children's dental health.

scholarly journals Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Caries Prevalence in Chennai Population: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Meenakshisundaram Rajasekaran ◽  
Baskaran Veni Ashok ◽  
Gopal Shankarnarayan ◽  
Manali R Srinivasan ◽  
Rashmi  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Habits

Abstract Aim The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic status and social habits on the prevalence of dental caries in Chennai population. Cross sectional study was conducted in 500 patients by survey method using a questionnaire. Data was collected based on demographic details, information on the income, educational qualification, occupation, social habits (tobacco and alcohol consumption) and the caries exposure in terms of presence or absence of dental caries or a restoration. The data was tabulated using Microsoft Excel and statistically analysed using SPSS version 22. 91.8% of subjects in the lower socio economic status have a caries exposure while only 82% and 73.4% of the medium and higher economic status had caries. Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that there exists a connection between the individuals' socio economic condition and the oral health status that calls for implementation of oral health programs. How to cite this article Baskaran VA, Shankarnarayan G, Rajasekaran M, Rashmi, Poorni S, Srinivasan MR. Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Caries Prevalence in Chennai Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(1):15-18.

scholarly journals A Study to Explore the Relationship between Dental Caries and Weight of the Slum Living Children in Dhaka

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Riftana Mahjabeen ◽  
Dilruba Sharmin ◽  
Nabila Anwar ◽  
Syeda Rubaiya Nawshin ◽  
Sejuty Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Dental Decay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decayed Tooth ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives: Dental caries or decay is the most significant dental disease of childhood in Bangladesh. It is also reported to affect the anthropometric outcomes of children. So the objective was to assess the relationship between dental decay and weight of the children living in various slum areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the children in a slum area of Mirpur, Dhaka. The children were selected by using simple random sampling technique. A total of 310 children were interviewed and examined on the basis of the questions regarding their age, gender, height, weight, nutrition, socio-economic status and clinical conditions.Results: The study showed an inverse relationship between dental decay and weight among the children. Among 310 children about 40.64% were suffering from dental caries and 95.5% children were underweight. Children with at least one decayed tooth were significantly more likely to be underweight with odds ratios 0.614, 0.763 for the age group of below 6 years and above 12 years.Conclusion: The study depicted an inverse relationship between dental decay and weight among the children of slum dwellers in Dhaka and emphasized on the necessity of implementing proper dental health care policies and programs among those socio-economically deprived people.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2016; 6 (1): 21-29

scholarly journals Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among school-aged children in Tripoli, Libya: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam Alraqiq ◽  
Ahmid Eddali ◽  
Reema Boufis
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background In many developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries has increased due to lifestyle changes, lack of preventive services, and inadequate access to dental care. In Arab countries, the increased prevalence of caries has correlated with economic growth over the past decades, resulting in greater access to unhealthy foods and higher consumption of sugar, particularly among children. However, few studies have assessed caries prevalence among pediatric populations in Arab countries. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental caries and factors associated with caries among children in Tripoli, Libya. Methods This cross-sectional study included a convenience sample of 1934 children in first grade (age 6–7 years, n = 1000) and seventh grade (age 11–12 years, n = 934). Four health centers in Tripoli were selected for screening based on location and participation in school-entry health examinations. Data were collected through self-administered parent surveys and visual dental screenings by trained examiners from September 24 to October 15, 2019. The survey comprised questions about socioeconomic characteristics and oral health behaviors, including toothbrushing, sugar consumption, and dental care history. During screenings, untreated decay, missing teeth, and filled teeth (DMFT or dmft) were recorded. Prevalence of tooth decay was calculated as the proportion of children with high DMFT/dmft scores. Binary logistic and negative binomial regression analyses (with significance at p ≤ 0.05) were used to assess factors associated with caries. Results Among 1000 first-grade children, 78.0% had decay in their primary teeth, with a mean dmft of 3.7. Among 934 seventh-grade children, 48.2% had caries in their permanent teeth, with a mean DMFT of 1.7. The most significant factors associated with caries prevalence were socioeconomic, such as screening site (first grade, p = 0.02; seventh grade, p < 0.001) and maternal employment (seventh grade, p = 0.02), and behavioral, such as toothbrushing duration (seventh grade, p = 0.01), past dental treatment (both grades, p < 0.001), and past emergency visit (both grades, p < 0.001). Conclusions Caries prevalence was associated with several behavioral and socioeconomic factors, including screening site, maternal employment, toothbrushing duration, past dental treatment, and past emergency visit. Efforts should be made to address these factors to minimize barriers and improve oral health behavior and care utilization. These findings can be used to evaluate current public health initiatives and inform future planning.

scholarly journals Experience and Prevalence of Dental Caries in 6 to 12-Year-Old School Children in an Agricultural Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Juan José Villalobos-Rodelo ◽  
Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez ◽  
Rosalina Islas-Zarazúa ◽  
Sonia Márquez-Rodríguez ◽  
Mariana Mora-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agricultural Worker ◽  
Dmft Index

Objective: To describe the experience and prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren aged 6–12 years belonging to agricultural manual worker households. Material and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in two groups of schoolchildren: One considered “children of agricultural worker migrant parents” (n = 157) and the other “children of agricultural worker non-migrant parents” (n = 164). Epidemiological indices for dental caries were calculated for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentitions, and compared in terms of age, sex, and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Two binary logistic regression models for caries prevalence in primary and permanent dentitions were generated in Stata. Results: For primary dentition, we observed the following dmft index: Non-migrants = 1.73 ± 2.18 vs. migrants = 1.68 ± 2.14. Additionally, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 59.1% vs. migrants = 51.3%. For permanent dentition, we observed the following DMFT index: Non-migrants = 0.32 ± 0.81 vs. migrants = 0.29 ± 0.95. Further, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 17.6% vs. migrants = 12.8%. No differences were observed for either dentition (p > 0.05) in caries indices and their components or in caries prevalence. When both caries indices (dmft and DMFT) were combined, the non-migrant group had a higher level of caries experience than the migrant group (p < 0.05). No relationship (p > 0.05) with migrant status was observed in either multivariate models of caries prevalence. However, age did exhibit an association (p < 0.05) with caries. Only the plaque component of SOHI was associated (p < 0.05) with caries in permanent dentition. Conclusions: Although over half of school children from agricultural manual worker households had caries in either or both dentitions and a considerable proportion were untreated lesions, the prevalence levels were somewhat lower than other reports from Mexico in similar age groups. No statistically significant differences were found in caries experience or prevalence in either dentition between non-migrant and migrant groups.

scholarly journals Impact of dental caries on quality of life of adolescents according to access to oral health services: a cross sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Xavier ◽  
Érica Silva de Carvalho ◽  
Roosevelt da Silva Bastos ◽  
Magali de Lourdes Caldana ◽  
Patrícia Ribeiro Mattar Damiance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Services

Aim: This study presents the prevalence of dental caries and its relation to the quality of life of adolescents according to the access to dental health services. Methods: Two hundred and fifty-six adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age participated in the study; they were all enrolled in public schools in a countryside municipality of the São Paulo State. Data related to dental caries were evaluated by the DMFT Index, and OHIP-14 was used for evaluating the quality of life. Mann Whitney and Spearmann correlation tests were also used (p<0.05). Results: A DMFT of 3.09 (±3.30) was found with a higher prevalence among the adolescents who used public dental services (3.43±3.34) compared with those who used private services (2.94±3.28). A statistically significant relationship between the decay component of DMFT with physical pain (0.020), physical disability (0.002) and quality of life (0.017) was verified. Conclusions: A low prevalence of dental caries was observed, and it was higher in adolescents who used public oral health services rather than private ones, evidencing the low influence of oral health on the quality of life of the participants.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of the association between serum perfluorinated alkyl acid concentrations and dental caries among US adolescents (NHANES 1999–2012)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e024189
Author(s):  
Nithya Puttige Ramesh ◽  
Manish Arora ◽  
Joseph M Braun
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
National Health ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Study objectivesPerfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are a class of anthropogenic and persistent compounds that may impact some biological pathways related to oral health. The objective of our study was to estimate the relationship between dental caries prevalence and exposure to four PFAA: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents.Setting/DesignWe analysed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2012 for 12–19-year-old US adolescents.ParticipantsOf 10 856 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years who had a dental examination, we included 2869 with laboratory measurements for serum PFAA concentrations and complete covariate data in our study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDental caries prevalence was defined as the presence of decay or a restoration on any tooth surface, or the loss of a tooth due to tooth decay. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the covariate-adjusted association between serum PFAA concentrations and dental caries prevalence, accounting for the complex National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey design.ResultsOf 2869 adolescents, 59% had one or more dental caries. We observed no associations between the prevalence of dental caries and serum concentrations of PFOA, PFOS or PFHxS. The adjusted odds of caries were 21% (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.01), 15% (OR 0.85; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.08) and 30% (OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.90) lower among adolescents in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th serum PFNA concentration quartiles compared to adolescents in the first quartile, respectively. The linear trend for this association was not statistically significant.ConclusionPFOA, PFOS and PFHxS were not associated with prevalence of dental caries. The prevalence of caries was reduced with increasing serum PFNA concentrations; however, these results should be interpreted cautiously given that we were unable to adjust for several factors related to oral health.

scholarly journals Management of Dental Health Problem of Diabetic Patients Attending in Selected Private Dental Clinic in Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Ali Abrar ◽  
Kamrun Nahar Chowdhury ◽  
Md Mahafuzur Rahman ◽  
Bushra Marzan Rauf ◽  
Abul Kalam Mohammad Asad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prime Concern

Aim: The rising cases of dental problems among diabetic patients have raised health concerns among dentists worldwide. The oral complications of prime concern are gum disease, dental caries, dry mouth, oral soft tissue damage, and pain in the face and mouth. This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted among the diabetic patients for their management of dental problems attending in selected dental clinic in Dhaka city from January to June 2012. 44% of the patients were in between 41to 50 years age group.Methods:  Data were collected with a pretested semi structured questionnaire and check list was filled in after oral examination.Results: Among the patients 84% were Muslims and 16%. were Hindu. All the patients were married. 58% of the patients had monthly income TK. 25000-40000. Among the patients, 48% had (4-5) family members. Type of family was single for 82% of the patients. Main food was rice for 78% of the patients. 50% of the patients had habit of tobacco use. Tobacco smokers were 88%. Among the patients, calculus and gingivitis was in grade I for 54% and the condition of periodontitis was in grade I for 46%. The condition of oral thrush was in 0 grade for 66% of the patients. Most of the patients’ 1 tooth was affected by dental caries. There was no dry mouth in 80% of the patients, whereas no burning mouth syndrome was in 82% of the patients; 64% of the respondents visited dentists. The reason for visiting dentists, most of them visited for sensitivity. All the patients brushed teeth everyday. 66% of the patients brushed teeth once a day. Among the patients 66% cleaned teeth before breakfast and 52% took 3-4 minutes. Among the patients, 90% used tooth brush and 88% used tooth paste for cleaning the teeth. 84% of them did not floss and the rest 62.5% flossed teeth once a day, 62% got information about type of diabetes, among them 62.5% informed about non insulin dependent type of diabetes. Among the patients, 60% got information about usual oral hygiene, 75.9% got information about usual oral hygiene from doctors.Conclusion: Proper patient management requires close interaction between the dentist and the physician. Working with diabetic patients can be challenging and rewarding when open communications are established and thorough patient education is attained.Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research and Education Vol.5(2) 2015: 55-58

HEMOFILIJA A IR B SERGANČIŲ LIETUVOS VAIKŲ BURNOS SVEIKATA IR JĄ LEMIANTYS VEIKSNIAI

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Rūta Žaliūnienė ◽  
Jolanta Aleksejūnienė ◽  
Vilma Brukienė ◽  
Vytautė Pečiulienė
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Increased Risk

Patients with haemophilia often face difficulties in accessing primary dental care: they are at increased risk of spontaneous gum bleeding and significant bleeding from invasive dental procedures. Other of the known barriers is lack of confidence in the ability of dentists to manage patients with haemophilia. The aim of this study was to examine the dental health and its determinants in Lithuanian children with haemophilia and to compare these findings to the general population. Materials and methods. Two study groups were formed: a group of cases, children with haemophilia aged between 4-17 years and a group of controls, randomly selected healthy subjects matched for gender, age and place of residense. The Quantitative Plaque Percent Index (P% index), caries related microflora, stimulated salivary flow rate and buffer capacity, dmf(t), DMF(t) scores were calculated and analyzed. Dietary habits, frequency of tooth brushing, educational and economic level of the parents and type of haemophilia were determined by a questionnaire. Results. Data were collected from 57 children among which 27 were children with haemophilia and 30 healthy controls. Children with haemophilia had lower overall caries experience and less unmet dental treatment needs in deciduous dentitions as compared to their healthy counterparts, but were no differences between the study groups in permanent dentitions. Higher bacteriological counts were found in controls than in study group. Healthy children were from higher socio-economic status families than children with haemophilia. Conclusions. Better dental health was observed in children with haemophilia in deciduos teeth as compared to healthy children. In permanent dentitions overall caries experience and unmet dental treatment needs did not differ between cases and controls.

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