scholarly journals Decoding the ergonomics in the new normal for dentistry: A narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Sumit Munjal ◽  
Seema Munjal
Keyword(s):  
Library Science ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Impaired Vision ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Routine Tasks ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Trauma Disorders ◽  
Education Courses

Focus and precision are the sine qua non of dentistry, wherein the routine tasks require a peak pinch force and results in finger fatigue and cumulative trauma disorders combined with impaired vision. Dentists’ posture is treated with great care and oft repeated in Ergonomics, studied in undergraduate courses and the continuing education courses, though many still do not know the subject well enough. The study selection was done upon selecting the dental surgeons, hygienists, assistant working on their patients and included the findings relating to practice environment. The electronically searched sources until 2021 were the MEDLINE Pub med, EMBASE, Wiley Online Library, Science direct, American Dental Association (ADA) website and Google Scholar. An additional manual search and queries with cross-reference yielded around fifty studies ultimately. The International Ergonomic Association (IEA) recognized certain domains long ago and its noteworthy application for dental office is set forth in the present review. Ergo-dentistry may come to be realized as a new essential in the new normal for our profession. Evidence echoes that dentists are at risk for developing health problems, particularly the musculoskeletal disorders and impaired vision. Beyond doubt, a healthy dentist is a pre-requisite for a successful dental practice. Ergodontics is the key to keep check on the same and following its core principles is essential.

scholarly journals The Intervention Strategies To Reduce Tuberculosis Stigma Based On Community: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rezky Mulyana ◽  
Astuti Yuni Nursasi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
National Journal ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTStigma in tuberculosis patients causes discrimination and social isolation that have an impact on efforts to manage tuberculosis treatment. The purpose of this review is to explore based community intervention strategies to reduce tuberculosis (TB) stigma. Method: The design applied systematic review. Data was retrieved from online database Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, Springer Link, Scopus, Google Scholar, and national journal in the period of 2008-2018. The study selection was conducted in the search string by applying the keywords “TB” AND “Stigma”, “Reduce stigma”, “Intervention TB Stigma”, “tackling stigma TB”, “strategy for TB stigma”, exploration and selection of title, abstract were conducted inclusion criteria, and search the articles by screening reference lists in citations in the literature to be additional articles. Analysis result of study uses PRISMA flow diagram. Results: The intervention strategies to reduce TB stigma reviewed from articles and found 4 intervention strategies are: (1) Health education, such as knowledge shipping about TB and TB Campaigns, (2) Home Visit, (3) TB Patients support such as Community, family support, social support TB Club, and financial support, (4) Enhancing Qualities of health worker. Conclusions: The intervention strategies to reduce TB stigma are needed in reducing TB stigma. Low TB stigma has positive effect in controlling and eliminating TB. The most common intervention are TB patient support and health education.ABSTRAKStigma pada pasien tuberkulosis (TB) menyebabkan diskriminasi dan isolasi sosial yang berdampak pada upaya manajemen pengobatan TB. Tujuan dari literatur review ini untuk mengeksplorasi strategi intervensi di komunitas untuk mengurangi stigma tuberkulosis (TB). Desain menerapkan tinjauan sistematis. Data diambil dari database online Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, Springer Link, Scopus, Google Cendekia, dan jurnal nasional pada periode 2008-2018. Pencarian artikel dalam sistematik review ini menerapkan kata kunci "Tuberkulosis" DAN "Stigma", "Mengurangi stigma", "Intervensi TB Stigma", "menangani stigma TB", "strategi untuk stigma TB". Eksplorasi dan pemilihan judul dan abstrak berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, dan mencari artikel dengan menyaring daftar referensi dalam kutipan dalam literatur untuk menjadi artikel tambahan. Hasil analisis penelitian menggunakan diagram alir PRISMA. Strategi intervensi untuk mengurangi stigma ditemukan empat strategi intervensi yaitu: (1) Pendidikan kesehatan, seperti meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang TB dan Kampanye TB, (2) Kunjungan Rumah, (3) Dukungan pasien TB seperti Komunitas, dukungan keluarga, dukungan sosial TB Club, dan dukungan keuangan, (4) Meningkatkan Kualitas pekerja kesehatan. Kesimpulan: Strategi intervensi untuk mengurangi stigma TB diperlukan dalam mengurangi stigma TB. Stigma TB yang rendah memiliki efek positif dalam mengendalikan dan eliminasi TB. Intervensi yang paling umum adalah dukungan pasien TB dan pendidikan kesehatan.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS FOR WORK AND ENERGY TESTS APPLIED TO PHYSICS LEARNING

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 798-815
Author(s):  
Sigit Dwi SAPUTRO ◽  
TUKIRAN A. ◽  
Zainul Arifin Imam SUPARDI ◽  
Budi JATMIKO
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Indicator Analysis ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Work And Energy

Work and energy are contents traditionally addressed in the study of physics and engineering. This is because this topic is part of people's daily lives; that is, they are critical thinking skills included in 21st century learning achievements that must be mastered by students. This study aimed to make an appropriate assessment formulation to measure students' critical thinking skills in work and energy. The systematic method of review was carried out through three stages. The first step was to search for relevant literature sources through a database and books. The database used included SAGE Journals, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. There were 115 journals or proceedings that have been examined and then selected 50 articles following established criteria. The second stage determined formulating achievement indicators, and the third stage developed conceptual tests of critical thinking skills. Based on this study on the conceptual framework of the study to measure students' critical thinking skills in teaching materials for work and energy, it was concluded that (1) indicators of critical thinking skills on work and energy include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation; (2) the basic principles of making critical thinking test instruments include presenting phenomena, open-ended tests, and testing the rationality of answers; and (3) there were examples of the application of the development of the critical thinking skills test instrument for indicator analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental practice: why measures to be taken – the experience of an European University Hospital (part 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
Politis Constantinus ◽  
◽  
Schuermans Annette ◽  
Lagrou Katrien ◽  
Putte Mia Vande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
European University

Background The COVID-19 pandemic does not leave the dental practice unattended. In Part 1 the reason why measures should be taken was explored. Objective The objective is to review the measures that can be taken to minimize the risk of tranmission in the dental practice. Data Sources These measures can be classified according to the guidelines of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Study Selection A qualitative approach explores the applicability of these guidelines to the dental practice. Data Extraction In order to prevent aerosol transmission in the dental practice a large number of changes are needed. It concerns hygiene protocols, organizational protocols and architectural changes, none of which are backed by a legal framework. Conclusion Until a vaccination program is introduced to counter the COVID-19 pandemic in a country, the dental society will need to take measures to prevent aerosol transmission in the dental office. The pyramid of measures according to NIOSH offers a suitable frame to classify all measures. Any legal regulatory intervention could use this framework.

Comparative analysis of the skin decellularization methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Olga Macagonova ◽  
◽  
Doina Risnic ◽  
Adrian Cociug ◽  
Viorel Nacu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Freeze And Thaw ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Google Search

Background: The extracellular matrix plays an important role in the promoting the tissue regeneration and repair. Decellularization or removal of the cells from the complex mixture of the structural and functional proteins that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM) can be done by the physical (agitation, sonication, freeze and thaw), chemical (alkaline orchids, ionic detergents, nonionic, tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), hypotonic or hypertonic treatments, chelating agents), and enzymatic methods (trypsin or protease inhibitors). However, complications associated with the use of the decellularized skin have been reported, which are widespread and poorly understood. In this synthesis have been included publications, identified by the Google Search engine, National Bibliometric Tool (NBT), Pub Med databases, Web of Science, Springer, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct and Biosience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. The results of the decellularization were reported in terms of the number of cells remaining in the collagen fibers depending on the duration of exposure to chemical agents. Conclusions: The natural matrix is more widely used than synthetic material, because it has the natural structure and composition of the ECM, it naturally stimulates cell development and allows the incorporation of the growth factors and other proteins increasing cell proliferation.The assessment of the quality of decellularization techniques is done by evaluating the necrosis of the extracellulare matrix, the depletion of the collagen fibers and the remaining amount of genetic material.

Characteristics of asynchronous online discussions in a graduate course: an exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Vol 121 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Yawen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Discussion Boards ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Discussion Threads ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Support Students

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the following questions: What are the types of discussion prompts in a fully online graduate course? What are the key characteristics of students’ discussion initial posts and replies in a fully online graduate course? In what ways, if any, do discussion prompts influence the types of initial posts and replies in discussion threads? Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the dynamics of students’ knowledge construction through using asynchronous discussion boards. A total of 20 discussion prompts and 115 discussion threads from nine archival discussion boards in a fully online library science course were collected and analyzed. Findings The findings identified open-ended, explanatory and reflective prompts in discussion boards. Students engaged in simply stating, paraphrasing, elaborating, extending, reflecting, socializing and sharing emotions in discussion posts. These findings highlighted the interconnectedness of reflection and socio-emotional interactions in a community of inquiry and pointed out their important roles to support richer and deeper online discussions. The study further observed linkages between the types of discussion prompts and the types of discussion posts. Originality/value This study addressed an urgent need to understand the use of online discussion boards in an emergency remote teaching condition in a pandemic. The findings of this study offered educators insights into evidence-based design recommendations for prompts to support students’ knowledge construction and deep learning through using discussion boards.

scholarly journals Emergency Management of Paraphimosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch Chung
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Library Network ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objective To review the treatment modalities available for paraphimosis, with special emphasis on those applicable to the emergency department. Data source Relevant medical literature was searched through MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Database. Manual search was performed in books on Urology, General Surgery and Emergency Medicine available in the Hospital Library. Further information was obtained through the Internet at < www.infoseek.com >. References cited in articles were also retrieved. Study selection Key words for the literature, Internet and textbook search were ‘paraphimosis’ and ‘treatment’. All available years of study were reviewed. Data extraction Relevant full text articles were obtained through the hospital library network. Original articles, review papers, medical practice, case reports, and relevant book chapters were reviewed. Data synthesis There were no prospective, randomised, controlled studies available. The majority were case series and expert experience or opinions only. Currently, a multitude of non-invasive and invasive treatment options are available, including manual reduction, help of non-crushing tissue forceps, puncture technique and dorsal slit. Conclusion All treatment methods are within the capability of the emergency physician. Hospitalization should rarely be required, unless there are serious complications.

Perceptions of online degrees in library science across the Arab world

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
Charla Chebl ◽  
Maroun El Rayess
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Online Degrees ◽  
Science Degree ◽  
Online Library

Purpose This research paper aims to present a specific outline of the library decision makers’ perceptions and the hiring patterns and acceptability of online library science degree holders in academic libraries across the Arab world. It also investigates whether such degrees compare favorably with traditional degrees or not. Design/methodology/approach This study data were collected using an online questionnaire, which was sent out to 74 library managers in academic libraries across the Arab world. The libraries were selected from the QS stars Worldwide University Ranking for the Arab Region 2015, which ranks the Arab world’s top 100 universities. Findings The findings reveal no significant relationship between the hiring decision of library managers and the degree type, whether earned through traditional education or online. The analysis notes different factors influencing the hiring practices and acceptability of online library science degree holders, the most influential factors being candidate skills, accreditation of programs and candidate experiences. Originality/value To date, no study has investigated whether employers in academic libraries across the Arab world perceive online library science graduate degrees “less than” or “equal to” those obtained through traditional education. This study will contribute to the literature on the acceptance of online degrees in general and in the library science field in particular. The study is a significant contribution to knowledge for students, job seekers and employers alike.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy management.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 154-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Margaret Schloss ◽  
Maree Colosimo ◽  
Luis Vitetta
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

154 Background: Neurological complications such as chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and neuropathic pain are frequent side-effects of neurotoxic chemotherapy agents. An increasing survival rate and frequent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy treatments involving neurotoxic agents makes it imperative that accurate diagnosis, prevention and treatment of these neurological complications be implemented to minimize the burden experienced by patients undergoing these treatments. Methods: To determine the potential use of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and herbal medicines as adjuvants in cancer treatments a critical literature review was conducted by electronic and manual search on nine databases. These include PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and two Chinese databases CNKI and CINAHL. Thirty studies were selected for pharmaceutical agents, twenty-four studies for nutraceuticals and thirty-four studies for herbal medical trials. Seven acupuncture trials were also identified in relation to CIPN management. Data was collated and organised into chemotherapy drugs, agent’s trialled, number of participants, results and recommendations. Results: For pharmaceutical agents, amifostine has possible ototoxicity protection for children in cisplatin and duloxetine as a treatment option for pain. For nutraceuticals, vitamin E was found to have protective abilities for cisplatin ototoxicity, omega 3 fatty acids for taxane administration and vitamin B6 and lipoic acid for oxaliplatin CIPN. In herbal medicine, Goshajinkigan showed great promise for oxaliplatin-IPN protection. Vitamin B12 deficiencies have also been found to increase the onset and severity of CIPN. Conclusions: Currently, no pharmaceutical, nutraceutical or complementary agent has been found to be completely beneficial in preventing or treating CIPN. It is suggested clinicians identify the best option from the research to assist patients in both possible prevention and treatment of CIPN. In addition, research has found that a vitamin B12 deficiency may potentiate moderate to severe CIPN presentation and testing of this vitamin is suggested.

Transporters and Their Impact on Drug Disposition

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M Beringer ◽  
Richard L Slaughter
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Drug Disposition ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE: To review the recent advances in knowledge about human transporters and their effect on drug disposition. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1996–March 2005) was performed to identify pertinent literature on human transporters and their impact on drug disposition. Additional articles were identified from a manual search of the references of retrieved articles. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Based on the identified studies, data were extracted on the impact of transporters on drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. DATA SYNTHESIS: The pharmacokinetic disposition of drugs is known to be influenced by metabolic enzymes, kidney function, and transporters. Recent research on human transporters has greatly advanced our understanding of their diversity and importance in drug disposition. In particular, members of the multidrug resistance family of transporters (MDR, MRP) are present in organs and tissues throughout the body and are known to significantly affect the absorption, distribution, and elimination of commonly prescribed drugs. A growing number of studies now demonstrate that alterations in transporter function as a result of drug interactions or genetic polymorphisms may explain a significant portion of the variability in treatment response for certain drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Human transporters contribute significantly to the pharmacokinetic disposition of drugs. Knowledge of substrates, inducers, and inhibitors of these transporters is necessary to ensure optimal patient outcomes.

scholarly journals INSTRUMENTS FOR MEASURING THE PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL HELP PROVIDERS: RAPID LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Elīna Akmane ◽  
Kristīne Mārtinsone ◽  
Zane Krieķe
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Derived Categories ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Psychological Help ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Online Library ◽  
Ebsco Host

The concept of professional identity is widely described, indicating that it is dynamic and variable, as it simultaneously includes the development and formation of professional identity in the dimensions of time and content. Professional identity manifests in various forms and it is measured by a variety of measurement tools.Objective: to define what measurement tools are used to determine the professional identity of psychological help providers and to investigate the content of professional identity. Method: a rapid literature review. A comprehensive search of scientific databases Access Medicine, Clinical Key, EBSCO e-books, Proquest Ebook Central, BMJ Journals, EBSCO host, ProQuest, SAGE journals, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, DynaMed Plus and Cochrane Library was conducted in March, 2020 by two independent researchers therefore assuring data triangulation. Database research included the keywords “professional identity”, “scale”, “measure”, with the Boolean operator “AND” adding professions: “art therapist”, “dance and movement therapist”, “drama therapist”, “music therapist”, “psychologist”, “psychiatrist”, “psychotherapist”, “nurse”, “social worker”, and additional selection criteria - cross-sectional design studies about the measure of professional identity of different groups of psychological help providers and students, between 2009 and 2019, with full English text available. Data analysis method was narrative synthesis, which consists of three sequential steps: description of studies in logical categories, analysis of data from each of the derived categories, and synthesized conclusions for all included studies. 366 studies were identified of which 21 were included in the study.Results: as a result, 15 categories including 50 content items were identified as the measurement aspects of professional identity.

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