scholarly journals Lag of accommodation predicts clinically significant change of spherical equivalents after cycloplegia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1052-1058
Author(s):  
Cheng-Cheng Jin ◽  
◽  
Bei Du ◽  
Gui-Hua Liu ◽  
Nan Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Lag Of Accommodation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

AIM: To evaluate related factors with the change of spherical equivalents (ΔSE) and determine the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE (≥0.50 D) with cyclopentolate hydrochloride on Chinese children. METHODS: A total of 145 right eyes of 145 children aged 4 to 15y were enrolled. Intraocular pressure, axial length and lag of accommodation (LOA) were assessed before cycloplegia induced by 3 drops of 1% cyclopentolate at 5-minute intervals. SE was measured before and 1h after the first drop of cyclopentolate. ΔSE was compared between different gender groups and among refractive groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to find related factors with ΔSE. ROC analysis was used to figure out the suitable predictor of clinically significant ΔSE. RESULTS: For the total 145 eyes, the mean SE reached up to -0.70±1.86 D from -1.30±1.62 D, with the mean ΔSE of 0.60±0.55 D. The mean ΔSE were 0.63±0.55 D and 0.57±0.56 D respectively in the male and female group (P=0.40). The mean ΔSE was significantly different among different refractive groups (P<0.0001), with the ΔSE of hyperopia group (1.12±0.64 D) larger than that of the emmetropia (0.56±0.43 D, P=0.001) and myopia group (0.32±0.28 D, P<0.0001). The ΔSE was correlated with LOA (B=-0.54, P<0.0001), cycloplegic SE (B=0.10, P<0.0001) and age (B=-0.04, P=0.015). ROC curve indicated that LOA predicted clinically significant ΔSE by 82% [area under the curve (AUC)=0.82] alone, while the value was slightly improved to 85% (AUC=0.85) in combination with axial length and 86% (AUC=0.86) in association with axial length as well as age. CONCLUSION: After cycloplegia with cyclopentolate, the ΔSE decreases with larger LOA, longer axial length and older age. Specifically, LOA plays a more vital role in predicting clinically significant ΔSE.

Evaluation of the B/F Ratio Distribution of Cataract Patients Without Corneal Abnormalities and Its Effect on Ocular Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. E46-54
Author(s):  
Michael Deng ◽  
Lina Lan ◽  
Tianhui Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jiahui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Ratio Distribution ◽  
Corneal Radius

Purpose: To evaluate the distribution of the posterior-anterior corneal radius ratio (B/F ratio; posterior corneal radius/anterior corneal radius) in patients without corneal abnormalities, and to investigate which parameters affect this ratio. Methods: Five thousand eyes from 5,000 patients who underwent cataract surgery were recruited to this study. We explored the linear relationship between B/F ratio and 13 variables using Principal Component-Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis. Results: The B/F ratio was negatively correlated with the difference between simulated keratometry (SimK) and true net power (TNP), central corneal thickness, spherical aberration (SA), and posterior corneal astigmatism and positively correlated with posterior corneal radius, corneal posterior surface, axial length (AL) and anterior corneal radius. Several variables (central corneal thickness, difference between SimK and TNP and asphericity coefficient (Q-value) of the posterior corneal surface) had the highest loading on the final score. B/F ratio reflects the refractive state and anatomical structure of the cornea: thus, higher B/F ratios were associated with larger posterior corneal surface curvature radius, longer axial length, thinner central corneal thickness, lower high order aberrations of the cornea and SA, and the numerical difference between simK and TNP gradually reduced. In clinical practice, for patients with lower B/F ratio, special care should be taken in the choice of system used for intraocular lens (IOL) measurements.

scholarly journals One-Year Analysis of the Refractive Stability, Axial Elongation and Related Factors in a High Myopia Population after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Huamao Miao ◽  
Xuanqi Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Implantable Collamer Lens ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Axial Elongation ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the refractive stability, axial length changes and their related factors in a high myopia population after Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) implantation.Methods: This prospective study included 116 eyes of 116 patients divided into several groups based on the spherical equivalent refractive error (SE)—SE > -6D, -12 ≤ SE < -6D and SE < -12D groups—and axial length (AL)—AL < 28mm and AL ≥ 28mm groups. The uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, refraction, axial length and intraocular pressure were followed for 1 year.Results: SE changed from -11.53 ± 5.25D preoperatively to -0.33 ± 0.70D at 1 week, and further changed to -0.48 ± 0.77D at 1 year after ICL implantation, with average progression being -0.15 ± 0.37D from 1 week to 1 year after surgery. Axial length changed from 27.95 ± 2.33mm preoperatively to 27.98 ± 2.36mm 1 year after surgery, with an average axial elongation of 0.03 ± 0.12mm. The mean axial elongation rate was 0.05mm/year in the SE < -12D group, being significantly faster than the other SE groups (P < 0.05); it was 0.06mm/year in the AL ≥ 28mm group, being significantly faster than the AL < 28mm group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with high myopia and long axial length showed a continuous myopic progression and axial elongation at an adult age after ICL surgery, especially those with myopia higher than -12.0D and AL longer than 28.00mm.

The impact of maternal cortisol concentrations on child arterial elasticity

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. C. Rondó ◽  
J. A. Pereira ◽  
J. O. Lemos ◽  
R. F. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mean Concentration

Epidemiological studies suggest that glucocorticoid excess in the fetus may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. However, the impact of maternal glucocorticoid on the cardiovascular system of the offspring has not been much explored in studies involving humans, especially in childhood. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of maternal cortisol concentrations on child arterial elasticity. One hundred and thirty pregnant women followed from 1997 to 2000, and respective children 5–7 years of age followed from 2004 to 2006 were included in the study. Maternal cortisol was determined in saliva by an enzyme immunoassay utilizing the mean concentration of nine samples of saliva. Arterial elasticity was assessed by the large artery elasticity index (LAEI; the capacitive elasticity of large arteries) by recording radial artery pulse wave, utilizing the equipment HDI/PulseWave CR-2000 Cardiovascular Profiling System®. The nutritional status of the children was determined by the body mass index (BMI). Insulin concentration was assessed by chemiluminescence, and insulin resistance by the homeostasis model assessment. Blood glucose, total cholesterol and fractions (LDL-c and HDL-c) and triglyceride concentrations were determined by automated enzymatic methods. The association between maternal cortisol and child arterial elasticity was assessed by multivariate linear regression analysis. There was a statistically significant association between maternal cortisol and LAEI (P= 0.02), controlling for birth weight, age, BMI and HDL-c of the children. This study suggests that exposure to higher glucocorticoid concentrations in the prenatal period is associated to lower arterial elasticity in childhood, an earlier cardiovascular risk marker.

scholarly journals Outcomes after Cataract Surgery in High Myopes with Axial Length Differences of ≥2 mm

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042
Author(s):  
Yeon Jeong Lee ◽  
Yung-Ju Yoo ◽  
Sang Beom Han
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis

Purpose: To evaluate the visual outcome after cataract operations in high myopia patients, whose axial length differences are longer than 2 mm.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had received phacoemulsification cataract surgery from January 2014 to June 2020. The patients whose axial lengths and inter-eye axial lengths exceeded 26 and 2 mm, respectively, were selected. Demographic data, axial lengths, central subfield macular thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer, and best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) before and at 6 months postoperatively were collected. The factors related to visual outcome were analyzed using univariate, multivariate linear regression.Results: Twelve patients had an inter-eye axial length difference longer than 2 mm. The average axial lengths of longer and shorter eyes were 29.17 ± 1.94 and 26.66 ± 2.51 mm, respectively (p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney U-test). The BCVAs (logarithm of minimal angle of resolution, logMAR) of the longer and shorter eyes before the surgery were 1.09 ± 0.62 and 0.19 ± 0.16, respectively (p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney U-test). The BCVAs (logMAR) of the longer and shorter eyes 6 months after surgery were 0.19 ± 0.16 and 0.08 ± 0.10, respectively (p = 0.11, Mann-Whitney U-test). In univariate linear regression analysis, the BCVAs 6 months after the surgery showed better preoperative BCVAs (p < 0.001) and a thinner central subfield macular thickness (p = 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, the BCVA at 6 months after the surgery showed significant improvement compared with preoperative BCVA values (p < 0.001).Conclusions: High myopia patients whose axial length differences exceeded 2 mm showed improved VA after cataract surgery.

scholarly journals The relationship between demographic features, anthropometric parameters, sleep duration, and physical activity with ECG parameters in Fasa Persian cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Mehdi Sharafi ◽  
Hossein Fatemian ◽  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Backgrounds Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the first leading cause of death worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between demographics, anthropometrics, sleep duration, physical activity, and ECG parameters in the Fasa Persian cohort study. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the basic information of 10,000 participants aged 35–70 years in the Fasa cohort study was used. The data used in this study included demographic data, main Electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, anthropometric data, sleep duration, and physical activity. Data analysis was performed using t-test, chi-square, and linear regression model. Results Based on multivariate linear regression analysis results, increased age was significantly associated with all study parameters. Nevertheless, gender and body mass index showed no significant relationship with SV3 and PR. Wrist circumference, hip circumference and waist circumference significantly increased the mean values of the ECG parameters. However, sleep duration was not significantly associated with the ECG parameters. In addition, hypertension was major comorbidity, which was shown to increase the mean values of the ECG parameters. Conclusion Several factors affected the ECG parameters. Thus, to interpret ECGs, in addition to age and gender, anthropometric indices, physical activity, and previous history of comorbidities, such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease, should be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Factors influencing efficacy of complete decongestive treatment in patients with breast cancer-linked arm lymphoedema

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Dragana Bojinović-Rodić ◽  
Samra Pjanić ◽  
Tamara Popović ◽  
Tatjana Nožica-Radulović
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Breast Tumour ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Arm Lymphoedema ◽  
Mean Compliance

Background/Aim: The most recommended form of lymphoedema therapy is complete decongestive treatment (CDT). Efficacy of CDT in patients with arm lymphoedema related to malignant breast tumour has reported in many studies, but the predictive factors of outcome of this therapy have not been yet sufficiently investigated. The purpose of this research was to identify predictive factors of efficacy of CDT in patients with breast cancer-linked arm lymphoedema throughout the intensive phase of therapy. Methods: The prospective study included 51 patients with breast cancer-linked arm lymphoedema who were subjected to a 3-week program of CDT. Patients' clinical and demographic features, breast cancer treatment characteristics, lymphoedema and CDT characteristics were collected and assessed for their prognostic value. The influence of certain predictors on the degree of lymphoedema reduction was evaluated by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: Mean age was 58.1 ± 8.0 (95 % CI: 55.8 - 60.3), median of BMI was 28.4 kg/m2 (95 % CI: 27.2 - 29.6). The average duration of lymphoedema was 36.5 ± 43.9 months (95 % CI: 24.1 - 48.8). The mean size of lymphoedema before CDT was 6.99 ± 5.36 %, and the mean degree of lymphoedema reduction was 63.7 ± 28.6 %. The mean compliance to bandages was 217.5 ± 97.8 hours (95 % CI: 190.0 - 245.0) and 7 (13.7 %) patients had a history of erysipelas of the ipsilateral arm. When observing each individual predictor, statistically most significant contribution showed the size of lymphoedema before the therapy (p < 0.001), then history of erysipelas (p < 0.01), and patients' age (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Size of lymphoedema before treatment is the most crucial prognostic factor of the efficacy of CDT in the patients with breast cancer-linked arm lymphoedema. The present study also identified history of erysipelas and patients age as independent predictors of the CDT efficacy.

scholarly journals Objective Work-Related Factors, Job Satisfaction and Depression: An Empirical Study among Internal Migrants in China

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nannan Zhang ◽  
Dinghong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Classification ◽  
Internal Migrants

This study examines the associations between objective work-related factors, job satisfaction and depression among migrants in China. Data from a representative sample of Chinese migrants named Management and Services of Migrants Study (MSMS) were used after excluding 1068 self-employed participants. We employed multivariate linear regression analysis. Depression was measured by the Centre for Epidemiologic Study Depression (C-ESD) scale. Objective work-related factors included firm size, job classification, mode of employment, working hours per week, union membership and working overtime compulsorily. Measurement of job satisfaction was derived from the Job Descriptive Index. We found that migrants in the sales/services sector and the clerical/technical/managerial sector had more depressive symptoms compared with those in the manufacturing/transportation sector. Working more than 55 h per week was associated with more depressive symptoms. Working overtime compulsorily and joining a labour union were all associated with more depressive symptoms. In addition, job satisfaction was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. The research findings on the relationship between work-related factors and depressive symptoms may serve as a guide for vocational rehabilitation counselling programs and for further research on depression in workplaces.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Early Marginal Bone Loss in Dental Implants—A Multicentre Observational Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11197
Author(s):  
Marielle Bazzo Di Domênico ◽  
Kauê Farias Collares ◽  
César Dalmolin Bergoli ◽  
Mateus Bertolini Fernandes dos Santos ◽  
Pedro Henrique Corazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Diabetic Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Dental Schools

This study evaluated the effect of clinical and patient-related factors on marginal bone loss. The sample was composed of individuals who were treated at two dental schools in southern Brazil. The variables evaluated were divided into individual (age, sex, diabetes, hypertension and antihypertensive use), and implant levels (arch, position, brand, protection, torque, time). After implant installation and following the second stage, periapical radiographs were obtained to measure the distance between the peri-implant bone crest and implant platform. Measurements were performed using ImageJ software. Data were analyzed using linear and Poisson multilevel regression. Fifty-eight patients with 113 implants were evaluated. The mean marginal bone loss was 0.45 ± 0.48 mm. Considering the linear multivariate model, age, diabetes, torque and time between surgery and reopening were found to be significant (p < 0.05). In the dichotomous model (bone loss <0.2 mm and ≥0.2 mm), only high torques resulted in higher marginal bone loss (p = 0.033). Marginal bone loss occurred before the second surgical stage and was greater in implants with high torque. Torque below 20 N, reopening performed after six months, diabetic status and young age all resulted in higher marginal bone loss, but these values are probably not clinically significant. These variables must be better explored in future studies.

scholarly journals Perceiving the Tourism Image of Italy: A Study of the Destination Image Framework of Italy in the Chinese Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Han Shen ◽  
Ligang Peng ◽  
Antonio Usai
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
World Class ◽  
Tourism Image

Italy, a world class tourist destination, attracts countless tourists and was listed among the top destinations in terms of international arrivals. In recent years, the number of Chinese tourists visiting Italy has increased at an annual growth rate of 18% and Italy was listed as the favorite destination among Chinese outbound tourists. This study conducted a survey of Chinese market to understand the perception of Italy as a tourist destination. A destination image framework was developed on the basis of the data analysis. By the analysis of variance together with a multivariate linear regression analysis, the authors explored the Chinese residents’ reasons for choosing Italy as a tourist destination and the relevant related factors. The findings of this study could have implications for the country’s image marketing.

Anxiety and depression symptoms in the same pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 965-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhan Ayaz ◽  
Meryem Hocaoğlu ◽  
Taner Günay ◽  
Oğuz devrim Yardımcı ◽  
Abdulkadir Turgut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectivesWith clinical experience from previous coronavirus infections, public health measures and fear of infection may have negative psychological effects on pregnant women. This study aimed to compare the level of anxiety and depression in the same pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThe pregnant women continuing pregnancy who participated in the first study which was undertaken to clarify the factors associated with mental health of pregnant women before the COVID-19 pandemic, were included for the current study during the outbreak. Anxiety and depression symptoms of the same pregnant women were evaluated by using the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II and Beck Anxiety Inventory twice before and during the pandemic.ResultsA total of 63 pregnant women completed questionnaires. The mean age of the women and the mean gestational age was 30.35±5.27 years and 32.5±7 weeks, respectively. The mean total IDAS II score was found to increase from 184.78±49.67 (min: 109, max: 308) to 202.57±52.90 (min: 104, max: 329) before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. According to the BAI scores the number of patients without anxiety (from 10 to 6) and with mild anxiety (from 31 to 24) decreased and patients with moderate (from 20 to 25) and severe anxiety (from 2 to 8) increased after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that obesity and relationship with her husband are the best predictors of IDAS II scores.ConclusionsThis study indicated that COVID-19 outbreak affects the mental health of pregnant women negatively which leads to adverse birth outcomes. The level of anxiety and depression symptoms of pregnant women during the COVID-19 infection significantly increased. Healthcare professionals should establish comprehensive treatment plans for pregnant women who are highly vulnerable population to prevent mental trauma during the infectious disease outbreaks.

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