scholarly journals The Sustainability of Independent Palm Oil Smallholders in Multi-Tier Supply Chains in East Kalimantan Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-781
Author(s):  
Fakhrizal Nashr ◽  
Eka Intan Kumala Putri ◽  
Arya Hadi Dharmawan ◽  
Akhmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Regional Strategy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dimensional Scaling ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Triadic Relationship ◽  
Partnership Program ◽  
Multi Dimensional Scaling

The smallholder oil palm farmers (SHFs) manage almost half of the Indonesian oil palm area, often associated with unsustainable oil palm sources. There has been limited research conducted to assess SHFs status in Indonesia. This study analyzed sustainability of existing Multi-tier Supply Chain Management through Rapfish diagnostic application with Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) in oil palm mills, suppliers, and SHFs. This study found triadic typologies of MSCs in the Kutai Kartanegara District and six sustainability dimensions including economic, social, ecology, political, and institution to improve the regional strategy for sustainable palm oil plantations in the East Kalimantan Province. The closed triadic relationship in Gunung Sari and Pulau Pinang Villages has better performances on four sustainability dimensions compare to other villages. The oil palm mills could connect directly with SHFs and reduce asymmetric information and rent-seeking behavior through the traceable land ID system and enabling the Public-Private Partnership program.

ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITYPEATLAND IN AGROECOLOGY OIL PALM PLANTATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowondo Dkk
Keyword(s):  
Land Management ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Point Location ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Dimensional Scaling ◽  
Five Dimension ◽  
Ecological Dimension ◽  
Multi Dimensional Scaling

This research was based on the damages of peatlands. Peatland was potential to be developed as plantation. The objective of the research was to examine sustainability index of peatlands management on agroecology palm oil plantations at Bengkalis-Riau. The point location was determinated with purposif sampling as palm oil activited and which were peatland physiography at marine and brackish peat. The data collected using desk study and field survey. The sustainable measurements were conducted on the dimensions of ecological, economic, socio-culture, infrastructure and technology, law and institutional. Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) it’s called Rap-Insus-Landmag (Rapid Appraisal–Indeks Sustainability of Land Management) was used evaluatedsustainability of peatland management on agroecology palm oil plantation. The results of this study indicated that marine peat and brakish peat sustainability for five dimension (ecology, economic, socio-culture, infrastructure and technology, law and institutional) on the existing condition i.e. ecological dimension less sustainable (49,14 % and 46,60 %), economic moderate sustainable (69,30 % and 64,7 %), socio-culture moderate sustainable (52,32 % and 54,47 %), infrastructure and technology moderate and less sustainable (51,15 % and 49,64), law and institutional moderate sustainable (50,33 %and 56,99 %). Therefore, sustainability peatlands of management on groecology oil palm plantations have category less-to-moderate at the Bengkalis-Riau.keywords : peatland, sustainable, palm oil plantation

scholarly journals Analisis Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Pola Inti-Plasma Di PT. Bio Nusantara TeknologiKabupaten Bengkulu Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Iskandar Iskandar ◽  
Satria Putra Utama ◽  
Muhammad Faiz Barchia
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Dimensional Scaling ◽  
Rapid Appraisal ◽  
Appraisal Index ◽  
Multi Dimensional Scaling

Tuntutan global saat ini yang senantiasa meneriakkan kelestarian atau produksi yang berkelanjutan sudah tidak dapat dihindari lagi, termasuk juga didalam pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit khususnya kemitraan pola inti-plasma, yang harus segera dicari solusi atau pendekatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai indeks dan status keberlanjutan pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit pola inti-plasma di PT. Bio Nusantara Teknologi yang berkelanjutan dari dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial- budaya, teknologi-infrastruktur, dan hukum-kelembagaan, serta mengidentifikasi atribut yang sensitif terhadap keberlanjutan pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit pola inti inti-plasma di PT. Bio Nusantara Teknologi. Analisis keberlanjutan dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) dengan teknik kelapa sawit Rap-Insus (Rapid Appraisal Index Sustainability of palm oil management). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit pola inti-plasma di PT. Bio Nusantara Teknologi Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah yang berdasarkan atas 5 dimensi dinyatakan  cukup berkelanjutan dengan indeks keberlanjutan multidimensi sebesar 53,18, dimana dimensi yang cukup berkelanjutan ada 3 dimensi yaitu ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial-budaya, sedangkan 2 dimensi lainnya yaitu teknologi-infrastruktur dan hukum-kelembagaan berada pada status kurang berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Pengelolaan Inti-Plasma, Multidimensi,AnalisisKeberlanjutan

THE INFLUENCE OF THE PALM SUGAR MASS ON THE MAKING OF THE COMPOS FROM THE PALM OIL SALES WITH ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION METHOD USING EM-4

Konversi ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ramli Ramli ◽  
Marlinda Marlinda
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Fermentation Method ◽  
Palm Sugar ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches

Abstract- East Kalimantan, especially Kutai regency produces 1,112,442 tons/year of palm oil. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) are one of the wastes generated in the processing of palm oil that is equal to 20-23% of the fresh fruit bunches, so the amount of EFB that can be generated is 244,737.24 tons/year. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of palm sugar as a nutrient to nutrient nitrogen EM4, phosphor and potassium in composting EFB. This research was conducted by varying the mass of Palm Sugar: 0.4000 g, 0.6000 g, 0.8000 g, 1.0000 g and 1.2000 g. The main composting process that was carried out by adding EM4 solution of 10 mL and 100 mL sugar solution into 200 grams EFB, letting it stand for 30 days, and after that the analysis was conducted. The total content of nutrients is highest on the mass of 1.2000 g palm sugar that is 3.174%. The conclusion of this study is the greater the mass of Palm Sugar is added, the greater the concentration of nutrients found in the composting by using bacterial EM4. Keywords: bio-activator EM4, palm Sugar, EFB.

scholarly journals Development Strategy of Indonesian Palm Oil Industrial Cluster Based International Trade Connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Sapta Raharja ◽  
Setiadi Djohar ◽  
Dwi Aryanthi
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Industry Cluster ◽  
The Public ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Indonesia is the largest producer and the exporter of palm oil in the world which has three palm oil industrial cluster (POIC) areas that are Sei Mangkei (North Sumatera), Dumai (Riau), and Maloy (East Kalimantan). To carry out the delivery of palm oil products to the destination countries, the Palm oil from the three POICs must be transshipment in Malaysia and Singapore. In line with this issues, a strategy to develop the POIC based international connectivity need to be done. This study aims to identify the actual conditions of POIC Indonesia, to determine the factors (internal and external) that influence the development of POIC, and to formulate priority strategy for developing POIC Indonesia. These are needed so that Indonesia can become a hub port of international trade especially in Asia. This research uses "Diamonds" Porter’s Model, gap analysis, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the ana­lysis connectivity, the main strategy that can be formulated in order to develop Indonesian palm oil industry cluster is infrastructure improvements. This strategy can be done if the government (the Ministry of economy, Ministry of industry and trade, Ministry of sea, PT PELINDO, and local government), private sector, academic, and the public is able to work together and integrated.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Cholinesterase Level of Spraying Workers Using Paraquat Herbicide at Oil Palm Plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Iwan Muhamad Ramdan ◽  
Krishna Purnawan Candra ◽  
Herry Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Enzyme Level ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
East Kalimantan

Latar Belakang: Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia pada tahun 2006 memperkirakan 1-5 juta kasus keracunan pestisida setiap tahun pada pekerja pertanian dengan kematian mencapai 220.000 korban. Sekitar 80% keracunan pestisida dilaporkan di negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Pada 10 tahun terakhir, luas perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kalimantan Timur meningkat sebesar 7,7%. Pada tahun 2017 perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kalimantan Timur mencapai 1,2 juta ha dengan jumlah pekerja mencapai 234 ribu orang. Hingga saat ini belum pernah ada kajian dampak paparan pestisida terhadap gangguan kesehatan dengan indikator kadar cholinesterase. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat keracunan penyemprot perkebunan kelapa sawit yang mengaplikasikan herbisida paraquat.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectionaldengan metoda sampling acak sederhana telah dilakukan pada 326 penyemprot dari 10 perkebunan kelapa sawit yang menggunakan herbisida paraquat, untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi keracunan dan faktor risikonya. Tingkat keracunan pestisida diukur berdasarkan kadar enzim cholinesterase darah menggunakan Tintometer kit. Usia, masa kerja, dan area penyemprotan per hari dikumpulkan dengan wawancara langsung. Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Spearman.Hasil:Penyemprot herbisida sebagian besar berusia >26-34 tahun (31,9%), mempunyai masa kerja < 5 tahun (76,1%), menyemprot area seluas < 4 ha per hari (84%). Toksisitas ringan dialami oleh 29 orang penyemprot (8,9%). Keracunan ringan herbisida tersebut berkorelasi signifikan dengan usia (p=0,000) dan area penyemprotan per hari (p=0,014).Kesimpulan: Prevalensi keracunan paraquat di kalangan pekerja penyemprot herbisida di perkebunan kelapa sawit relatif rendah. Penggunaan herbisida dengan dosis yang lebih rendah dan pengurangan area semprot menjadi faktor penting untuk dipertimbangkan dalam usaha pencegahan keracunan herbisida yang lebih buruk.ABSTRACTBackground: In 2006, World Health Organization estimates a number of 1-5 million cases of pesticide poisoning per year in agricultural workers with deaths reaching of 220,000 casualties. About 80% of pesticide poisoning was reported in developing countries, including Indonesia. In the last ten years, palm oil plantation area in East Kalimantan increased at 7.7%. In 2017, palm oil plantation covered an area of 1,2 billion ha with 234.000 workers. Until now, there is no study on pesticide exposure on health disorder with indicator using cholinesterase level.Methods: A cross-sectional study has been conducted using simple random sampling on 326 sprayers from 10 oil palm plantations using paraquat herbicide to identify herbicide poisoning prevalence, and its risk factor. The pesticide poisoning rate was measured based on blood cholinesterase enzyme level using a Tintometer kit. Age, working period, and spraying area per day were collected by direct interview. Data were analysed by Spearman test.Result: The most sprayer workers was at age of > 26-34 years (31.9%), having working experience <5 years (76.1%), implementing a spray area per day of <4 ha (84%). A mild toxicity was experienced by 29 sprayers (8.9%). The prevalence of paraquat herbicide was correlated significantly with age (p=0.000) and spraying area per day (p=0.014).Conclusion: The prevalence of paraquat among herbicide sprayer at oil palm plantation was relative low. Application of herbicide with lower doses and reducing the spraying area are the necessary factors to be considered in order to prevent the herbicide poisoning become worst.

scholarly journals Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) Standards In Management Of Palm Oil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
mulono apriyanto bin sugeng rijanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Plantation Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
And Training

The oil palm plantation industry in Indonesia is faced with a strong view which suggests that the development of oil palm plantations in Indonesia has an impact on environmental damage. One effort currently made by the Indonesian government to ensure the sustainability of the development of the palm oil industry is to create a sustainability standard called The Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) which is mandatory. ISPO is a "guidance" for sustainable palm oil development, as well as a commitment to the implementation of various relevant laws and regulations in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of the ability of oil palm plantation companies in an area to meet the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) standards and identify the problems faced in achieving these standards. This research was conducted in the province of East Kalimantan in the period June 2012-May 2013. Evaluation of the company's ability to achieve the ISPO standard was carried out by the audit method, the results of the assessment of all parameters set according to the Principles, Criteria and Indicators contained in the ISPO provisions were then assessed in units percent. The results showed that the ability of plantation companies in East Kalimantan to meet ISPO standards had reached 79.14%. the capacity can still be increased up to 100% by increasing efforts to meet indicators that are not yet in accordance with ISPO regulations, namely; 1). Licensing and estate management systems, 2). Implementation of technical guidelines for oil palm cultivation and processing. 3). Environmental management and monitoring. 4). Responsibility towards workers. 5). Social and community responsibility. The determining factor for the achievement of ISPO standards is the commitment of plantation companies as business actors supported by adequate human resources to realize sustainable plantation development as well as the role of the government as the determinant of regulations in overseeing established policies. The socialization and training on the principles and criteria of ISPO standards to plantation companies needs to be immediately and more intensively carried out by the government together with the ISPO commission as an effort to accelerate the application of these standards. Dissemination and training are also needed so that the obstacles in achieving the standards of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil principles and criteria can be overcome, because these efforts are part of the success factors of ISPO implementation.

scholarly journals Development Strategy of Indonesian Palm Oil Industrial Cluster Based International Trade Connectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Sapta Raharja ◽  
Setiadi Djohar ◽  
Dwi Aryanthi
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Industrial Cluster ◽  
Industry Cluster ◽  
The Public ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Indonesia is the largest producer and the exporter of palm oil in the world which has three palm oil industrial cluster (POIC) areas that are Sei Mangkei (North Sumatera), Dumai (Riau), and Maloy (East Kalimantan). To carry out the delivery of palm oil products to the destination countries, the Palm oil from the three POICs must be transshipment in Malaysia and Singapore. In line with this issues, a strategy to develop the POIC based international connectivity need to be done. This study aims to identify the actual conditions of POIC Indonesia, to determine the factors (internal and external) that influence the development of POIC, and to formulate priority strategy for developing POIC Indonesia. These are needed so that Indonesia can become a hub port of international trade especially in Asia. This research uses "Diamonds" Porter’s Model, gap analysis, and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the ana­lysis connectivity, the main strategy that can be formulated in order to develop Indonesian palm oil industry cluster is infrastructure improvements. This strategy can be done if the government (the Ministry of economy, Ministry of industry and trade, Ministry of sea, PT PELINDO, and local government), private sector, academic, and the public is able to work together and integrated.

scholarly journals The Effectiviness of Organic Method for Increasing the Productivity of Oil Palm That Is Infected by Ganoderma

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Supeno Surija ◽  
Roderick Bastian
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Production Standard ◽  
Control Block ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
North Sumatra

The usage of organic fertilizer is expected to help developing organic plantation so that it can produce organic CPO and other organic derivate. Our study used organic fertilizer SUPER MOAF (Multi Organic Alkali Fertilizer), biopesticide and biofungiside CHIPS (Colony Highly Invasive Protection System) that is manufactured by PT. Propadu Konair Tarahubun. We conducted this study in 7 different plantation: Kecamatan Langgam, Riau block K and L with the plantation year of 2011; Kecamatan Bila Hilir, North Sumatra block DO and CO with the plantation year of 2011; Kecamatan Langgam, Riau block J and I with the plantation year of 2010; Kecamatan Long Iklis, East Kalimantan block 26 and 27 with the plantation year in 2002; Kecamatan Sei Kijang, Riau block M12 and N12 with the plantation year of 2005; Kecamatan Langgam, Riau block F and H with the plantation year of 2009; Kecamatan Teluk Dalam, North Sumatra block R and M with the plantation year of 2006. All plantation is given the same treatment: nonorganic fertilizer in control block (L, CO, I, 27, N12, H, and M) and switching from using Non-organic fertilizer to MOAF organic fertilizer in experiment block (K, DO, J, 26, M12, F, and R), this study is conducted for 4-5 years (2014-2018). The switching from nonorganic fertilizer to organic fertilizer is done in 2015, except for the oil palm that the plantation year is in 2011 is done in 2016. After switching from Non-organic to organic fertilizer, in the experiment blocks, show increasing of production (26.47%-88.33%) per Ha meanwhile the control block show increasing of production (4.21%-38.76%) per Ha. Fertilizer is given to the tree that has infected by disease, damaged, and have to be replanted because of Ganoderma invasion. Using MOAF organic method can also increase the production approximately 64.34%-110.77% from PPKS production standard in palm oil that has been infected by Ganoderma. Using MOAF fertilizer, biopesticide, and biofungiside CHIPS are not only recovering the palm oil that is expected to collapse soon because of Ganoderma infection but also maximize the production that is similar to healthy palm oil. Organic method is an efficient and effective way to help increasing the production of palm oil and environmental sustainability even in Ganoderma infection condition.

scholarly journals The Agrarian, Structural and Cultural Constraints of Smallholders’ Readiness for Sustainability Standards Implementation: The Case of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil in East Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2611
Author(s):  
Arya Hadi Dharmawan ◽  
Dyah Ita Mardiyaningsih ◽  
Faris Rahmadian ◽  
Bayu Eka Yulian ◽  
Heru Komarudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Sustainability Standards

The expansion of oil palm plantation has caused adverse impacts on the ecosystem. It has been associated with deforestation, biodiversity loss, disturbances to environmental services and livelihood change. The government of Indonesia has made an effort to control the negative effects by issuing relevant policies. One of the policies is Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO)’s sustainability standards to which large-scale plantations and smallholders are obliged to adhere. This study assesses the readiness of two types of smallholders, namely, the nucleus–plasma scheme and independent smallholders to adopt ISPO standards. Using a case study research approach in two oil palm plantation villages in East Kalimantan, the study found out a number of ISPO implementation challenges, grouped into structural and socio-cultural challenges, which make smallholders less ready to adhere to this mandatory policy. Coping with these challenges, this study proposed that land and business legality programs be expedited to strengthen property rights, and that training and education programs be intensified to enhance awareness, knowledge and capacity of smallholders to enable them to comply with sustainability standards.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of lignocellulolytic microbes from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ariana Ariana ◽  
Krishna P. Candra
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Biodegradation Process ◽  
Decomposition Time ◽  
By Products

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is one of the major by-products of palm oil production. This lignocellulosic biomass is commonly used as a fertilizer at oil palm plantations. Unfortunately, the composting process of EFB is very slow. This study aimed to identify potential lignocellulosic microbes isolated from EFB. This information is essential for improving EFB biodegradation process by reducing the decomposition time. Samples of approximately 6, 12, and 24-month-old EFB were obtained from two palm oil mills in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The isolation of lignocellulytic microbes utilized selective medium cellulose congo red agar (CCRA) while its characterization used lignin agar (LgA) and oil palm empty fruit bunches agar (EFBCRA). As much as 430 isolates were successfully collected and 12 of them exhibited promising capability to synthesize lignocellulolytic enzyme, the key for FEB degradation.

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