scholarly journals Reverse Synchronous Transmission of Electrical Signals Based on Parallel Injection and Series Pickup

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-660
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Xinxin Lu ◽  
Xiuye Yin
Keyword(s):  
Channel Model ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Electrical Signals ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Ac Impedance Analysis ◽  
The Laplace Transform

To eliminate the interference with the transmission of electrical signals, this paper puts forward a reverse synchronous transmission (RST) control method based on parallel injection and series pickup. Firstly, the synchronous transmission mechanism of electrical signals was analyzed, followed by the design of the framework and workflow of signal transmission. Next, an RST channel model was established for electrical signals, and the transmission parameters were configured based on the transmission properties of these signals. Through alternative current (AC) impedance analysis, the Laplace transform was performed on the transmission loop to increase the voltage of the transmission channel, and to elevate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the voltage across the resistor. Finally, the voltage comparator was adopted to obtain the digital information of the baseband signal, and the power signal was transmitted to the RST channel, completing the RST control of electrical signals. The experimental results show that the transmission speed of the system was 0.7488, and the reverse transmission of electrical signals was only delayed by 5ms, when the intensity of electromagnetic radiation was 2.0μT. Through parallel injection and series pickup, the proposed system can effectively realize the RST of electrical signals, without changing the topology of the transmission system.

scholarly journals Imbalanced post- and extrasynaptic SHANK2A functions during development affect social behavior in SHANK2-mediated neuropsychiatric disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Eltokhi ◽  
Miguel A. Gonzalez-Lozano ◽  
Lars-Lennart Oettl ◽  
Andrey Rozov ◽  
Claudia Pitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Odor Processing

AbstractMutations in SHANK genes play an undisputed role in neuropsychiatric disorders. Until now, research has focused on the postsynaptic function of SHANKs, and prominent postsynaptic alterations in glutamatergic signal transmission have been reported in Shank KO mouse models. Recent studies have also suggested a possible presynaptic function of SHANK proteins, but these remain poorly defined. In this study, we examined how SHANK2 can mediate electrophysiological, molecular, and behavioral effects by conditionally overexpressing either wild-type SHANK2A or the extrasynaptic SHANK2A(R462X) variant. SHANK2A overexpression affected pre- and postsynaptic targets and revealed a reversible, development-dependent autism spectrum disorder-like behavior. SHANK2A also mediated redistribution of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors between apical and basal hippocampal CA1 dendrites, leading to impaired synaptic plasticity in the basal dendrites. Moreover, SHANK2A overexpression reduced social interaction and increased the excitatory noise in the olfactory cortex during odor processing. In contrast, overexpression of the extrasynaptic SHANK2A(R462X) variant did not impair hippocampal synaptic plasticity, but still altered the expression of presynaptic/axonal signaling proteins. We also observed an attention-deficit/hyperactivity-like behavior and improved social interaction along with enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in cortical odor processing. Our results suggest that the disruption of pre- and postsynaptic SHANK2 functions caused by SHANK2 mutations has a strong impact on social behavior. These findings indicate that pre- and postsynaptic SHANK2 actions cooperate for normal neuronal function, and that an imbalance between these functions may lead to different neuropsychiatric disorders.

Modeling and Optimization Design of Signal Interconnect Channel Considering Signal Integrity in Three Dimensional Integrated Circuits

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-780
Author(s):  
Bing-Jie Li ◽  
Zhen-Song Li ◽  
Yan-Ping Zhao ◽  
Zheng-Wang Li ◽  
Min Miao
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Signal Integrity ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Transmission Performance

The signal integrity (SI) analysis of a high-speed signal interconnect channel composed of through silicon vias (TSVs) and horizontal re-distribution layers (RDL) is carried out, and the problems of SI, such as transmission loss, crosstalk and coupling effect in the transmission channel, are analyzed and studied. These signal integrity issues are considered in this paper, a signal interconnect channel model is proposed and the equivalent circuit model is deduced as well. Compared with the traditional one, this interconnect channel model has better performance in SI. Further sweep frequency analysis is carried out for different material parameters to achieve signal transmission performance optimization aimed at this model. Test samples of the proposed signal interconnect channel model are designed and fabricated according to the process index, and measured to verify the actual transmission performance. The design and optimization rule of high-speed signal interconnect channel are summarized which proved that the proposed structure has more advantages in signal transmission performance, and has important guiding significance for practical design.

Characterization of Plasticized PMMA-LiClO4 Solid Polymer Electrolytes

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Sharma ◽  
Anjan Sil ◽  
Subrata Ray
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Solid Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Solid Polymer ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Ac Impedance Analysis ◽  
Solution Casting Technique

In the present work, the effect of Li salt i.e. LiClO4 contained in composite plasticizer (PC+DEC) with three different concentrations on ionic transport and other electrochemical properties of PMMA based gel polymer electrolytes synthesized has been investigated. The electrolytes have been synthesized by solution casting technique by varying the wt (%) of salt and plasticizer. The formation of polymer-salt complexes and their structural characterization have been carried out by FTIR spectroscopic and XRD analyses. The room temperature ionic conductivity of the electrolyte composition 0.6PMMA-0.125(PC+DEC)-0.15LiClO4 (wt %) has been found to be maximum whose magnitude is 0.40×10-5 S/cm as determined by ac impedance analysis. The temperature dependent ionic conductivity of electrolyte sample0.6PMMA-0.125(PC+DEC)-0.15LiClO4 has further been investigated. Thermal analyses of electrolyte samples of all three compositions have also been done.

Oxygen diffusion in niobia-doped zirconia as surrogate for oxide film on Zr–Nb alloy: AC impedance analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 443 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 608-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teppei Yamana ◽  
Tatsumi Arima ◽  
Takatoshi Yoshihara ◽  
Yaohiro Inagaki ◽  
Kazuya Idemitsu
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Oxygen Diffusion ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Ac Impedance ◽  
Ac Impedance Analysis

scholarly journals Noise Optimization Design of Frequency-Domain Air-Core Sensor Based on Capacitor Tuning Technology

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Shengbao Yu ◽  
Yiming Wei ◽  
Jialin Zhang ◽  
Shilong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Amplifier Circuit ◽  
Noise Current ◽  
Air Core

In the semi-aviation frequency-domain electromagnetic measurement, the induction air-core coil and the differential pre-amplifier circuit introduce noise, which affects the sensor and results in receiving weak signals and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. In response to this problem, by analyzing the physical structure of the air-core coil sensor and the mechanism of the amplification circuit, combined with the simulation and experimental tests of voltage noise, current noise, resistance noise and other noise components, analyzed that the thermal noise is the main component of the sensor noise in the system frequency band, but directly removing the matching resistor increases the instability of the circuit, causes the coil to work in an underdamped state, and generates a time domain oscillation at the resonant frequency, source impedance analysis and analysis of differential pre-amplifier circuit in the frequency-domain detection method, abandoning the matching resistance scheme and magnetic flux negative feedback scheme. The matching capacitor is added to make the receiver detect the frequency range in the 1–10 kHz range. In normal operation, the noise level reaches 10 nV level, which not only increases the stability of the circuit, but also reduces the noise of the sensor. It has far-reaching significance for the detection of weak frequency signals.

scholarly journals Tracking- and Scintillation-Aware Channel Model for GEO Satellite to Land Mobile Terminals at Ku-Band

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Al-Saegh ◽  
A. Sali ◽  
J. S. Mandeep ◽  
Alyani Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Channel Model ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Mobile Terminal ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Mobile Satellite ◽  
Tropospheric Scintillation ◽  
Ku Band

Recent advances in satellite to land mobile terminal services and technologies, which utilize high frequencies with directional antennas, have made the design of an appropriate model for land mobile satellite (LMS) channels a necessity. This paper presents LMS channel model at Ku-band with features that enhance accuracy, comprehensiveness, and reliability. The effect of satellite tracking loss at different mobile terminal speeds is considered for directional mobile antenna systems, a reliable tropospheric scintillation model for an LMS scenario at tropical and temperate regions is presented, and finally a new quality indicator module for different modulation and coding schemes is included. The proposedextended LMS channel (ELMSC)model is designed based on actual experimental measurements and can be applied to narrow- and wide-band signals at different regions and at different speeds and multichannel states. The proposed model exhibits lower root mean square error (RMSE) and significant performance observation compared with the conventional model in terms of the signal fluctuations, fade depth, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and quality indicators accompanied for several transmission schemes.

scholarly journals An ILM-cosine transform-based improved approach to image encryption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Dua ◽  
Arun Suthar ◽  
Arpit Garg ◽  
Vaibhav Garg
Keyword(s):  
Image Encryption ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Logistic Map ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Chaotic Sequence ◽  
Dynamical Behaviour ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Digital Information

Abstract The chaos-based cryptography techniques are used widely to protect digital information from intruders. The chaotic systems have some of special features that make them suitable for the purpose of encryption. These systems are highly unpredictable and are highly sensitive or responsive to the initial conditions, also known as butterfly effect. This sensitive dependence on initial conditions make these systems to exhibit an intricate dynamical behaviour. However, this dynamical behaviour is not much complex in simple one-dimensional chaotic maps. Hence, it becomes easy for an intruder to predict the contents of the message being sent. The proposed work in this paper introduces an improved method for encrypting images, which uses cosine transformation of 3-D Intertwining Logistic Map (ILM). The proposed approach has been split into three major parts. In the first part, Secure Hash Function-256 (SHA-256) is used with cosine transformed ILM (CT-ILM) to generate the chaotic sequence. This chaotic sequence is used by high-efficiency scrambling to reduce the correlations between the adjacent pixels of the image. In the second part, the image is rotated to move all the pixels away from their original position. In the third part, random order substitution is applied to change the value of image pixels. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been tested on a number of standard parameters such as correlation coefficient, Entropy and Unified average change in intensity. The proposed approach has also been tested for decryption parameters like mean square error and peak signal to noise ratio. It can easily be observed from the obtained results that the proposed method of image encryption is more secure and time efficient than some earlier proposed techniques. The approach works for both color and grey scale images.

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