scholarly journals Prosecutor’s supervision in the field of transport security

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
A. G. Bezverkhov ◽  
A. V. Yudin
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Legal Regimes ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Practical Conference ◽  
Russian Research

The article analyzes the issues of prosecutors supervision in the field of transport security from the standpoint of an integrated approach. The material was prepared in the wake of the All-Russian research and practical conference held on May 14, 2021, dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the Russian prosecutors office. Transport security as a subject of prosecutors supervision covers a variety of areas of relations related to administrative, criminal, civil and procedural branches of law. Railway, water and air communication is subject not only to special socio-economic laws, but also requires special legal regimes dictated by the significant remoteness and dynamics of the subjects under supervision, the increased risk of harm to legally protected relations, the need for constant and uninterrupted functioning of transport facilities, the importance of the transport segment for the entire economic life of the country. All this determines the need for very prompt and at the same time balanced supervisory decisions, which is possible due to the close cooperation of science and practice.

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Syndemic Requiring an Integrated Approach for Marginalized Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary M. Caron ◽  
Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has challenged healthcare systems globally. The health inequities experienced by immigrants, refugees, and racial/ethnic minorities have been aggravated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The socioeconomic, political, and demographic profile of these vulnerable populations places them at increased risk of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic is disproportionally higher among these at-risk groups. The purpose of this perspective is to: (1) highlight the interactions among the social determinants of health (SDoH) and their bi-directional relationship with the COVID-19 pandemic which results in the current syndemic and; (2) offer recommendations that consider an integrated approach to mitigate COVID-19 risk for marginalized populations in general. For these at-risk populations, we discuss how individual, structural, sociocultural, and socioeconomic factors interact with each other to result in a disparate risk to contracting and transmitting COVID-19. Marginalized populations are the world's collective responsibility. We recommend implementing the Essential Public Health Services (EPHS) framework to promote those systems and policies that enable optimal health for all while removing systemic and structural barriers that have created health inequities. The pledge of “Health for All” is often well-accepted in theory, but the intricacy of its practical execution is not sufficiently recognized during this COVID-19 syndemic and beyond.

scholarly journals 328 An Integrated Approach to Fear of Falling

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii17-iii65
Author(s):  
Eleanor Murphy ◽  
Petra McLoughlin ◽  
Fiona O'Sullivan ◽  
Ciara Connellan
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Therapy Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Fear of falling (FOF) is a known risk factor for falls and subsequent activity restriction which has implications for quality of life and frailty level in older persons.1 The Integrated Care Team for Older Persons in Sligo provides home-based rehabilitation for the acutely frail older adult. We noted that fear of falling was a commonly identified problem in our referral group following comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). Our study aims to characterise interventions required. Methods Descriptive study from CGA of acutely frail older adults with a FOF in all referrals to ICTOP from June to December 2018. Results Of the 52 patients studied, 67% reported a FOF with a higher incidence in females (81% vs 45%). Increasing age was associated with a greater likelihood of FOF with 0% reported at 70-74years (n=4) and 86% at 90-95 years (n=7). There was a 1.6 times increased risk of FOF associated with cerebral vascular disease and 1.26 with mental health issues. The median Rockwood Clinical Frailty score was 6 with a median TUG of 28 seconds. Of those with a FOF, 100% received falls education, a home exercise program and advice on acquiring a pendant alarm. A mobility aid was provided in 63% and additional functional aids in 71%. Major housing adaption advice was given in 50% and additional equipment signposting and purchasing advice in 66%. Transport advice was provided in 49% of cases and onward referrals to ophthalmology and orthotics were provided in 9% and 11% respectively. There were only 2 readmissions with a fall within 30 days. Conclusion A significant cohort of ICTOP referrals report a fear of falling. Specific physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions aim to reduce the impact of this and our low rate of readmissions due to falls indicates the success of this program.

scholarly journals 299 A Retrospective Review of Unscheduled Hospital Admissions of Nursing Home Residents Over a Two Year Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii17-iii65
Author(s):  
Aoife McFeely ◽  
Cliona Small ◽  
Susie Hyland ◽  
Jonathan O'Keeffe ◽  
Graham Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Older People ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Older people living in Nursing Homes (NHs) represent a frail and vulnerable group. With multiple co-morbidities they are at increased risk of acute health deterioration prompting urgent hospital transfer. Our aim was to examine the outcomes for nursing home residents following unscheduled hospital attendances. Methods A prospective database was collected between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017. This recorded all emergency admissions of older people from NHs. The data was retrospectively analysed. Outcomes assessed included: length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rates, number of readmissions within one year and mortality. We compared these results to similar data collected in 2012-13. Results Over a two-year period, there were 1435 hospital admissions; a 7% increase from 1015 in 2012. 60% were female and 40% male with a mean age of 84.7 years. The average LOS was 9.58 days (vs 11.2 days in 2012-13). The 30-day readmission rate was 9.8% (vs 14% in 2012-13). 30.45% of all patients went on to have 2 or more readmissions within one year, an increase from 21.1% in 2012-13. The total in-hospital mortality was 14%. Conclusion An increase in the number of NH residents presenting to an acute hospital over the past 5 years was observed. Despite this, we have seen reductions in average LOS and 30 day readmission rates. There is, however, an increasing number of recurrent admissions (≥ 2) to the hospital within one year. These results highlight the importance of an integrated approach to patient care; from the primary care team, hospital team, palliative and community care services. We believe the continued development of Nursing Home Outreach Programmes and community liaison services, combined with the evolving role of the in-hospital Geriatric ANP and liaison palliative care team, will help reduce inappropriate ED referrals and encourage advanced care planning.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGHS: CREATIVITY AND CREATIVE CHANGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borisas Melnikas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Development Processes

This theoretical article is intended for complex analysis of complicated phenomena and processes of the promotion of creativity and creative changes in the main areas of the contemporary social and economic life, as well as for the current and most important issues of sustainability, social development, economic growth and technological breakthroughs. Purpose – to prepare, disseminate and implement the new concept of the sustainable social development, economic growth, innovations and technological breakthroughs, the essence of which is an integrated holistic approach to harmonization of various development processes and the use of specific managerial tools and instruments based on the ideas of creativity and creative changes.Research methodology – systematic analysis and synthesis of various scientific ideas and approaches, formulation and analysis of new insights. Findings – a new concept of the promotion of creativity and creative changes is prepared. This concept provides an integrated approach to the solution of the problems of social development, economic growth, innovation activities, technological progress and breakthroughs, as well as of the application of the specific managerial tools and instruments based on the ideas of creativity and creative changes. Implementation of this concept in the practice of the social and economic activities, research and academic studies creates various preconditions for anticipation and realization of new opportunities for social and economic development and technological breakthroughs under contemporary conditions of globalization, European integration and the creation of knowledge-based society. Research limitations – the proposed concept is limited to the cases of the research on general tendencies and the development processes of the society, as well as to the cases of the macroeconomic analysis and preparation of the strategic decisions for social, economic, political and technological development. Originality/Value – the new insights and perspective ideas provided for the priorities of the various social sciences and humanities, particularly – sociology, economics and management science, and of the application of the specific management tools, are described and analyzed. Orientation to these insights and ideas highlights new significant trends in the scientific research.

scholarly journals Psychiatric comorbidity in individuals with bullous pemphigoid and all bullous disorders in the Danish national registers

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Rania ◽  
Liselotte Vogdrup Petersen ◽  
Michael Eriksen Benros ◽  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Luis Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Subsequent Onset

Abstract Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease that takes a profound physical and mental toll on those affected. The aim of the study was to investigate the bidirectional association between BP and all bullous disorders (ABD) with a broad array of psychiatric disorders, exploring the influence of prescribed medications. Methods This nationwide, register-based cohort study encompassed 6,470,450 individuals born in Denmark and alive from 1994 to 2016. The hazard ratios (HRs) of a subsequent psychiatric disorder in patients with BP/ABD and the reverse exposure and outcome were evaluated. Results Several psychiatric disorders were associated with increased risk of subsequent BP (4.18-fold for intellectual disorders, 2.32-fold for substance use disorders, 2.01-fold for schizophrenia and personality disorders, 1.92–1.85-1.49-fold increased risk for organic disorders, neurotic and mood disorders), independent of psychiatric medications. The association between BP and subsequent psychiatric disorders was not significant after adjusting for BP medications, except for organic disorders (HR 1.27, CI 1.04–1.54). Similar results emerged with ABD. Conclusion Psychiatric disorders increase the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of BP/ABD independent of medications, whereas medications used for the treatment of BP/ABD appear to account for the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders. Clinically, an integrated approach attending to both dermatological and psychiatric symptoms is recommended, and dermatologists should remain vigilant for early symptoms of psychiatric disorders to decrease mental health comorbidity.

Russian Research at Harvard

1949 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde Kluckhohn
Keyword(s):  
Harvard University ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Carnegie Corporation ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Russian Research

The Russian Research Center was established February 1, 1948. It is supported by the Carnegie Corporation on a grant covering the period until July 1, 1953. The Research Center is an integral part of Harvard University and the senior members of its staff are all members of the Harvard faculty. Although the Center is not directly concerned with instruction, there is close cooperation with the Soviet Program of the Committee on International and Regional Studies, and a number of members of the Center staff teach in this program.

scholarly journals Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated Episcleritis and Scleritis: An Update on Treatment Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2118
Author(s):  
Veronique Promelle ◽  
Vincent Goeb ◽  
Julie Gueudry
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Topical Steroids ◽  
Rheumatoid Vasculitis ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Episcleritis and scleritis are the most common ocular inflammatory manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) accounts for 8% to 15% of the cases of scleritis, and 2% of patients with RA will develop scleritis. These patients are more likely to present with diffuse or necrotizing forms of scleritis and have an increased risk of ocular complications and refractory scleral inflammation. In this review we provide an overview of diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis-associated episcleritis and scleritis with a focus on recent treatment perspectives. Episcleritis is usually benign and treated with oral non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or topical steroids. Treatment of scleritis will classically include oral NSAIDs and steroids but may require disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). In refractory cases, treatment with anti TNF biologic agents (infliximab, and adalimumab) is now recommended. Evidence suggests that rituximab may be an effective option, and further studies are needed to investigate the potential role of gevokizumab, tocilizumab, abatacept, tofacitinib, or ACTH gel. A close cooperation is needed between the rheumatology or internal medicine specialist and the ophthalmologist, especially when scleritis may be the first indicator of an underlying rheumatoid vasculitis.

scholarly journals Begleiterkrankungen oder Folgeerkrankungen – das Phänomen der Komorbidität bei autoimmun blasenbildenden Dermatosen

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Michael Sticherling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Subsequent Onset

<b>Background:</b> Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease that takes a profound physical and mental toll on those affected. The aim of the study was to investigate the bidirectional association between BP and all bullous disorders (ABD) with a broad array of psychiatric disorders, exploring the influence of prescribed medications. <b>Methods:</b> This nationwide, register-based cohort study encompassed 6,470,450 individuals born in Denmark and alive from 1994 to 2016. The hazard ratios (HRs) of a subsequent psychiatric disorder in patients with BP/ABD and the reverse exposure and outcome were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Several psychiatric disorders were associated with increased risk of subsequent BP (4.18-fold for intellectual disorders, 2.32-fold for substance use disorders, 2.01-fold for schizophrenia and personality disorders, 1.92–1.85–1.49-fold increased risk for organic disorders, neurotic and mood disorders), independent of psychiatric medications. The association between BP and subsequent psychiatric disorders was not significant after adjusting for BP medications, except for organic disorders (HR 1.27, CI 1.04–1.54). Similar results emerged with ABD. <b>Summary:</b> Psychiatric disorders increase the risk of a subsequent diagnosis of BP/ABD independent of medications, whereas medications used for the treatment of BP/ABD appear to account for the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders. Clinically, an integrated approach attending to both dermatological and psychiatric symptoms is recommended, and dermatologists should remain vigilant for early symptoms of psychiatric disorders to decrease mental health comorbidity.

scholarly journals Ambient and household air pollution on early-life determinants of stunting – a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Chit Pun ◽  
Russell Dowling ◽  
Sumi Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Stunting is an important risk factor for early growth and development with health implications throughout the life course. While maternal exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been linked to early determinants of stunting, existing evidence has rarely captured the most vulnerable populations. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature to assess the evidence of the association between ambient and household PM pollution exposure and postnatal stunting (height-for-age z-score), and prenatal determinants (i.e., intrauterine growth restriction and small for gestational age) that would greatly increase children’s risk of stunting. Relevant manuscripts published from 2000 to 2019 were reviewed. Random effect models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (OR). Results Thirty-two studies conducted in 18 countries met our inclusion criteria. We found significant positive associations between prenatal determinants of stunting and a 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 during the first trimester (OR=1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.04) and second trimester (OR=1.04; 95% CI, 1.01–1.07). Similar associations were found for prenatal determinants of stunting of high versus low quartiles of PM 2.5 exposure during the whole pregnancy. Postnatal stunting was found to be positively, though insignificantly, associated with postnatal exposure to household air pollution. Conclusions Our analysis shows evidence of increased risk of prenatal determinants of stunting with ambient particulate exposure, especially during first trimester, and suggestive evidence of elevated stunting risk with postnatal exposure to household air pollution. This evidence reinforces the importance of promoting clean air as part of an integrated approach to preventing stunting.

scholarly journals Child marriages in Turkey with different aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maide Gök
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
And Migration

Child marriages are one of the most improtant reasons of gender inequality in the family in Turkey, as well as a widespread social problem we face is seen all over the world. This situation increases the need for child marriages to be viewed from a different dimension to the phenomenon and to reveal all aspects of this problem. The issue of child marriages are being addressed in the literature in recent years has been the subject of research in different disciplines, but most of the work is focused on a single dimension of child marriage or depending on the specific area it seems they are trying to identify child marriage. In current study, although carried to contribute to the debate on the concept of child marriage, legal issues, medical, economic, social and political dimensions are presented with an integrated approach. In present study, it has been found that child marriages are an important result of observed gender inequalities in social, political, and economic life and child marriages have been found to cause to continue the gender inequality on women’s lives. However, the cultural codes, values and inequalities, the deterioration of the family structure, social movements, and migration are seen to have an impact on child marriages. In this study, many suggestions are offered to solve the problem of child marriages such as ensuring gender equality in childhood, abandoning conditioning on gender roles, and increasing education level and the law enforcement.

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