Agroclimatic zoning of off-season (safrinha) corn for the first ten days of February in Goiás, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Maia Aveiro Cessa ◽  
Felipe Gimenes Rues Silva ◽  
Givaldo Dantas Sampaio Neto ◽  
Nilton Nélio Cometti
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
The State ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
The South ◽  
Soil Class ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Elements

Through maps, agroclimatic zoning can help us understand the guidelines for the most suitable locations for sowing, minimizing risks of produce loss due to climatic adversities. The aim of the present study is to develop an agroclimatic zoning for the cultivation of a non-irrigated off-season (safrinha) corn in the state of Goiás, sown in the first ten days of February. The methodological steps were the delimitation of the representative bands of the climatic requirements for the crop; the spatialization of the climatic elements in the region; the spatial reclassification of climatic elements based on the climatic requirements for the crop; elaboration of the agroclimatic zoning map. Average, minimum, and maximum air temperature, accumulated precipitation, actual crop evapotranspiration and relative humidity of the air registered between February and July for the years 2013 to 2017 were used. The most suitable areas for the cultivation of the non-irrigated off-season corn sown in the first ten days of February in Goiás established by the agroclimatic zoning are concentrated in the South-Southwest and Northwest regions. The expressive presence of Latosol soil class and the proximity of the values of the climatic elements accumulated precipitation, temperature and altitude, which are proper for the development of the off-season corn, favour suitability of the areas.

scholarly journals Effects of Preharvest Precipitation, Air Temperature, and Humidity on the Occurrence of Soft Scald in ‘Honeycrisp’ Apples

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1645-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renae E. Moran ◽  
Jennifer R. DeEll ◽  
William Halteman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Honeycrisp Apples ◽  
Soft Scald ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

The relationship of soft scald incidence (SSI) with precipitation, temperature, and fruit maturity indicators in ‘Honeycrisp’ apples was examined using 7 years of data in Maine and 6 years in Ontario, Canada. Relative humidity was also examined in Maine. Soft scald incidence was highly variable from year to year ranging from 1% to 85% in Maine and from 0% to 76% in Ontario. In Ontario, SSI was negatively related to soluble solids at harvest (partial r2 = 0.50; P = 0.0041) and negatively related to precipitation during 90 to 120 days from bloom (DFB; partial r2 = 0.28; P = 0.0344). In Maine, SSI was most strongly related to precipitation in the 90 to 120 DFB (partial r2 = 0.53; P = 0.0001), maximum air temperature 60 to 90 DFB (partial r2 = 0.21; P = 0.0001), and number of hours when relative humidity was greater than 85% (partial r2 = 0.11; P = 0.0001).

scholarly journals Impactos das mudanças climáticas na demanda hídrica e duração do ciclo do sorgo forrageiro e feijão-caupi no estado de Pernambuco

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
José Edson Florentino de Morais ◽  
Thieres George Freire da Silva ◽  
Marcela Lúcia Barbosa ◽  
Wellington Jairo da Silva Diniz ◽  
Carlos André Alves de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
The State ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Forage Sorghum

O aumento na ocorrência de eventos climáticos extremos nas últimas décadas é uma forte evidência das mudanças climáticas. Em regiões Semiáridas, onde a pressão de desertificação tem se intensificado, são esperadas diminuição da disponibilidade de água e maior ocorrência de períodos seca, e, consequentemente, efeitos na resposta fisiológica das plantas. Assim, objetivou-se analisar os impactos dos cenários de mudanças climáticas sobre a duração do ciclo fenológico e a demanda de água do sorgo forrageiro e do feijão-caupi cultivados no Estado de Pernambuco. Foram utilizados os valores mensais da normal climatológica brilho solar, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento de dez municípios. Considerou-se um aumento de 1,8°C (Cenário B2) e 4,0°C (Cenário A1F1) na temperatura do ar e um decréscimo de 5,0% dos valores absolutos de umidade relativa do ar, além do aumento de 22% na resistência estomática e de 4% no índice de área foliar. Com base nessas informações foram gerados três cenários: situação atual e projeções futuras para B2 e A1F1. Os resultados revelaram uma redução média de 11% (B2) e 20% (A1F1), e de 10% (B2) e 17% (A1F1) na duração do ciclo, e de 4% (B2) e 8% (A1F1), e 2% (B2) e 5% (A1F1) na demanda de água acumulada para o sorgo forrageiro e feijão-caupi, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a magnitude das reduções da duração do ciclo e a demanda de água simulada para as culturas do sorgo forrageiro e do feijão-caupi variaram espaço-temporalmente no Estado de Pernambuco com os cenários de mudanças climáticas.ABSTRACT The increase in the occurrence of extreme weather events in recent decades is a strong evidence of climate change. In semiarid regions, where the pressure of desertification has intensified, are expected to decrease in the availability of water and higher occurrence of drought periods, and, consequently, effects on physiological response of plants. Thus, the objective of analyzing the impacts of climate change scenarios on the duration of phenological cycle and water demand of forage sorghum and cowpea, grown in the State of Pernambuco. Monthly values were used normal climatological solar brightness, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of ten municipalities. It was considered an increase of 1.8° C (B2 Scenario) and 4.0° C (A1F1 Scenario) on air temperature and a decrease of 5.0% of the absolute values of relative humidity, in addition to the 22% increase in stomatal resistance and 4% in leaf area index. Based on this information were generated three scenarios: current situation and future projections for B2, A1F1. The results revealed an average reduction of 11% (B2) and 20% (A1F1), and 10% (B2) and 17% (A1F1) for the duration of the cycle, and 4% (B2) and 8% (A1F1), and 2% (B2) and 5% (A1F1) in accumulated water demand for forage sorghum and cowpea, respectively. It is concluded that the magnitude of the reductions in the duration of the cycle and the simulated water demand for crops of forage sorghum and cowpea ranged space-temporarily in the State of Pernambuco with climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Climatic Risk Zoning for Potential Occurrence of Cacao Moniliasis Disease in Northeastern Brazil Under The Influence of ENSO Phases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ícaro Monteiro Galvão ◽  
Gislaine Silva Pereira ◽  
Paulo Sentelhas
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Enso Phases

Abstract Air temperature and relative humidity are the main drivers of many fungal diseases, such as moniliasis (Moniliophthora roreri), which affects cocoa production worldwide. This disease occurs in some Latin American countries; however, it has not yet occurred in Brazil. Moniliasis could cause serious damage to the Brazilian cocoa production if present in the country. Therefore, to know the risks of moniliasis to cocoa production in the largest Brazilian producing region, in the state of Bahia, this study investigated the climatic favorability for the occurrence of this disease in this state, by defining and mapping the climatic risks and by assessing the influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases on it. Daily air temperature and relative humidity data from 28 weather stations of the national weather network in the state of Bahia, between 1988 and 2018, were employed to determine the risk index for cocoa moniliasis occurrence (RICM), based on the number of days favorable to the disease, which was categorized in five levels of favorability, ranging from “unfavorable” to “very favorable”. Seasonal and annual RICM maps were generated by a multiple linear regression procedure, considering raster layers of latitude, longitude, and altitude. The maps showed a high spatial and temporal RICM variability in the state of Bahia, with the highest risk for moniliasis occurrence in the eastern part of the state, where most producing areas are located. The ENSO phase showed to influence cocoa moniliasis occurrence, with the years with a transition between El Niño and Neutral phases being the most critical for this disease in majority of assessed locations. These results show that cocoa producers in the state of Bahia, Brazil, should be concerned with moniliasis occurrence as a potential disease for their crops, mainly in the traditional producing regions and when ENOS is in a transition from El Niño to Neutral.

scholarly journals Effect of meteorological factors on influenza-like illness from 2012 to 2015 in Huludao, a northeastern city in China

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Long Bai ◽  
De-Sheng Huang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
De-Qiang Li ◽  
Peng Guan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Temperature Minimum ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature ◽  
Minimum Air Temperature

Background This study aims to describe the epidemiological patterns of influenza-like illness (ILI) in Huludao, China and seek scientific evidence on the link of ILI activity with weather factors. Methods Surveillance data of ILI cases between January 2012 and December 2015 was collected in Huludao Central Hospital, meteorological data was obtained from the China Meteorological Data Service Center. Generalized additive model (GAM) was used to seek the relationship between the number of ILI cases and the meteorological factors. Multiple Smoothing parameter estimation was made on the basis of Poisson distribution, where the number of weekly ILI cases was treated as response, and the smoothness of weather was treated as covariates. Lag time was determined by the smallest Akaike information criterion (AIC). Smoothing coefficients were estimated for the prediction of the number of ILI cases. Results A total of 29, 622 ILI cases were observed during the study period, with children ILI cases constituted 86.77%. The association between ILI activity and meteorological factors varied across different lag periods. The lag time for average air temperature, maximum air temperature, minimum air temperature, vapor pressure and relative humidity were 2, 2, 1, 1 and 0 weeks, respectively. Average air temperature, maximum air temperature, minimum air temperature, vapor pressure and relative humidity could explain 16.5%, 9.5%, 18.0%, 15.9% and 7.7% of the deviance, respectively. Among the temperature indexes, the minimum temperature played the most important role. The number of ILI cases peaked when minimum temperature was around −13 °C in winter and 18 °C in summer. The number of cases peaked when the relative humidity was equal to 43% and then began to decrease with the increase of relative humidity. When the humidity exceeded 76%, the number of ILI cases began to rise. Conclusions The present study first analyzed the relationship between meteorological factors and ILI cases with special consideration of the length of lag period in Huludao, China. Low air temperature and low relative humidity (cold and dry weather condition) played a considerable role in the epidemic pattern of ILI cases. The trend of ILI activity could be possibly predicted by the variation of meteorological factors.

A relation between extreme precipitation and surface air temperature over Russia in the last four decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Aleshina ◽  
Vladimir Semenov ◽  
Alexander Chernokulsky
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Moisture Availability ◽  
Precipitation And Temperature

<p>Precipitation extremes are widely thought to intensify with the global warming due to exponential growth, following the Clausius-Clapeyron (C-C) equation of atmosphere water holding capacity with rising temperatures. However, a number of recent studies based on station and reanalysis data for the contemporary period showed that scaling rates between extreme precipitation and temperature are strongly dependent on temperature range, region and moisture availability. Here, we examine the scaling between daily precipitation extremes and surface air temperature over Russian territory for the last four decades using meteorological stations data and ERA-Interim reanalysis. The precipitation-temperature relation is examined for total precipitation amount and, separately, for convective and large-scale precipitation types. In winter, a general increase of extreme precipitation of all types according to C-C relation is revealed. For the Russian Far East region, the stratiform precipitation extremes scale with surface air temperature following even super C-C rates, about two times as fast as C-C. However, in summer we find a peak-like structure of the precipitation-temperature scaling, especially for the convective precipitation in the southern regions of the country. Being consistent with the C-C relationship, extreme precipitation peaks at the temperature range between 15 °C and 20 °C. For the higher temperatures, the negative scaling prevails. Furthermore, it was shown that relative humidity in general decreases with growing temperature in summer. Notably, there appears to be a temperature threshold in the 15-20 °C range, beyond that relative humidity begins to decline more rapidly. This indicates that moisture availability can be the major factor for the peak-shaped relationship between extreme precipitation and temperature revealed by our analysis.</p>

scholarly journals Representation of certain indicators o climate change in the area of eastern Serbia in the period 1991-2012 compared to the reference period 1961-1990

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Zoran Nikic ◽  
Мilenа Аndjelic ◽  
Ljubomir Letic ◽  
Vaso Мrvaljevic ◽  
Vesna Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Reference Period ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Climatic Elements

Climate change that has occurred at the end of the last and at the beginning of this century, among other things, has a certain impact on forests as well. For the territory of Eastern Serbia, for two periods of climate observations, the reference period 1961-1990 and the period 1991-2012, a comparative analysis of the following climatic elements was done: air temperature, amount of precipitation and relative humidity of air. Calculations were performed on the basis of collected and systematized data from 11 meteorological stations (6 synoptic/main climatological and 5 regular climatological) that were part of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service, situated in the area of Eastern Serbia. Analysis of the anomalies of air temperature and precipitation as indicators of climate change for the period 1991-2012 compared to the reference period 1961-1990 was done separately for each of the four seasons (winter, spring, summer, autumn) and summarized for each period. The results of the comparative analysis show that in the period 1991-2012 compared to the reference period 1961-1990, there was an increase in the average annual air temperature, as well as the increase in the average air temperature for all four seasons, and a decrease in the average annual amounts of precipitation and the decrease in the relative humidity of air.

scholarly journals Cladosporium spores in the air of Szczecin

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Grinn-Gofroń
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Spore Count ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

Moulds are common aeroallergens and <i>Cladosporium</i> is considered to be the most prevalent of them. The objective of the studies was to determine the seasonal variation in concentrations of <i>Cladosporium</i> spores due to meteorological parameters. The meteorological parameters analysed were maximum air temperature, relative humidity, amount of precipitation and wind speed. The greatest threat from <i>Cladosporium</i> allergens was posed from the middle of May (2004, 2006) and June (2005) till the middle of October (2005) and in the end of October (2004) till the middle of November (2006). Statistically significant correlations were found among the <i>Cladosporium</i> spore count in the air and maximum air temperature in all the analysed seasons, and amount of precipitation only in one season. The spore count of <i>Cladosporium</i> was determined by weather conditions, especially by air temperature.

scholarly journals Regionalization of Ukraine based on the influence of extreme values of maximum air temperature during warm and cold periods of the year

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
S. V. Savchuk ◽  
N. N. Yuvchenko ◽  
V. E. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Synoptic Situation ◽  
The South ◽  
Cool Period ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

Based on the data of maximum daily near-surface air temperature (MSAT) taken from 186 meteorological stations of Ukraine the parameters of extremality with relation to maximum air temperature for different time periods as well as deviations between them during cold and warm periods of the year were calculated. Regionalization of Ukraine was carried out in order to identify climate-vulnerable regions by means of comparison, overlapping and match of the areas with the highest values towards selected extremality thresholds. The conclusion about general increase in extremality over the last decade with relation to a climatic standard is made, the areas with the greatest vulnerability are outlined, and the areas with increase in extremality degree are identified. During both periods of the year certain areas in the southern, central and eastern parts of Ukraine are considered, based on maximum air temperature data, as the most vulnerable ones. During both periods of the year over 2001-2010, as compared to 1991-2000, increase of recurrence of extreme values of average maximum of air temperature was observed: in March and December during the cold period and also from May to July, and in case of EHMP event – in August. Distribution of maximum air temperature of the EHMP category, in comparison to the category of extreme values, specifies and localizes the regions with the greatest vulnerability. The areas of the highest vulnerability during the cool period comprise the extreme west, south-western and southern regions and during the warm period – southern, south-eastern regions and the extreme east of Ukraine. The spatial distribution of the extreme values of the MSAT for the warm period has a predominantly meridional orientation. During both periods of the year regions in the south (areas of Black Sea region, Crimea, boundary subregions in the south) areas in the east and center of Ukraine affected by extreme MSAT values are the most vulnerable; in 2010-2014 this influence intensified. Increase in the vulnerability based on the maximum air temperature occurs on the background of certain changes in the atmospheric circulation, under conditions of anticyclonic fields prevalence throughout the year along with increase of the temporal exposure to the elementary synoptic process. On the other hand, the aforementioned increase of recurrence of extreme hydrometeorological phenomena is a consequence of sharp changes of synoptic situation, which is especially the case after a period of settled weather. The conclusion that atmospheric circulation is a main agent responsible for extreme weather and that it is not studied completely so far was made.

scholarly journals Determining the extreme air temperature thresholds in Republic of Srpska

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Goran Andjelkovic ◽  
Vladan Ducic ◽  
Goran Trbic ◽  
Nada Rudan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
The State ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Thresholds

The goal of this paper is to determine the state of extreme air temperature in Republic of Srpska and to establish their thresholds as the limits of unsuitability of the climate. The air temperature much above and much below was investigated. The spatial distribution of minimal air temperatures in Republic of Srpska during the studied period 2006-2010 shows the meridian, parallel and altitude regularity. The average annual maximums increase slowly from the north towards the south and insignificantly from the west towards the east of Republic of Srpska.

scholarly journals ALTERAÇÕES EM VARIÁVEIS AGROMETEOROLÓGICAS PELO USO DE ESTUFA PLÁSTICA

Irriga ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Ferreira Santos ◽  
Marcos Antonio Vilas Boas ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Water Vapour Pressure ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The One ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature ◽  
Range Of Variation

ALTERAÇÕES EM VARIÁVEIS AGROMETEOROLÓGICAS PELO USO DE ESTUFA PLÁSTICA   Reginaldo Ferreira SantosMarcio Antonio Vilas BoasCentro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas,Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, CP 711,CEP 858114-110, Cascavel – PR, Fone: (0xx45) 220-3155, E-mail: [email protected] Evaldo KlarDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 237, CEP 18603-970, Botucatu - SP, E-mail: [email protected] - Pesquisador Científico do CNPq   1 RESUMO  O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o efeito da cobertura plástica de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) sobre a temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar, déficit de saturação e tensão de vapor d'água no ar. Pelos resultados encontrados neste trabalho as médias mensais de temperatura do ar no interior da estufa plástica foram superiores em 7,5%, a umidade relativa do ar em 7%, o déficit de saturação em 34% e a tensão atual de vapor d'água no ar em 4,7%, em relação aos valores determinados à campo. Observou-se maior efeito da cobertura plástica sobre as temperaturas máximas, as quais levaram as médias mensais a ficar entre 3,8 a 7,8 oC acima dos valores médios determinados no campo. Os valores médios mensais mínimos de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar entre a estufa e o campo apresentaram menor amplitude de variação que os valores máximos.  UNITERMOS: estufa plástica, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar.   SANTOS, R.F., VILAS BOAS, M.A., KLAR, A.E.  Agrometeorological parameter changes in a plastic GREENHOUSE   2 ABSTRACT  The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the plastic greenhouse set up in a  north-south main axis orientation  on  several meteorological parameters in relation to those from outside conditions. The results obtained from this study showed that the means of monthly air temperature were 7.5%; relative humidity, 7.0%; saturation deficit, 34%; and actual water vapour pressure, 4.75% higher inside the greenhouse than outside it. The maximum air temperature means were 3.8 to 7.8 0C higher inside the greenhouse than outside it. The minimum air temperature and relative humidity means showed lower range of variation in both environments compared to the one from the  maximum values of the same parameters.  KEYWORDS: air temperature, air relative humidity and vapor pressure

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