REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM OF PRIMARY DETECTION OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE CAVITY

Subject: malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, primary detectability, appeal to specialists, terms of treatment before hospitalization. Objective: based on a five-year analysis of the medical records of patients with a verified diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity, to identify significant criteria for primary diagnosis, doctors of the first contact, including non-cancer profile. Methodology. Malignant neoplasms occupy one of the leading places among all medical and social problems. This is due to a number of reasons, among which are particularly high rates of morbidity and mortality, late treatment of patients and frequent disability. the Purpose of early detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is to increase the effectiveness and radicality of treatment, increase the possibility of dental rehabilitation, reduction of disability. To write this article, we conducted a five-year analysis of the primary detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity in 76 patients hospitalized for treatment in the head and neck Department of the Chelyabinsk district Oncology center. All patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis. Everyone needs specialized anti-tumor treatment. In addition to standard diagnostic procedures, all patients were surveyed on the issues of primary complaints and appeals to medical specialists. Results. On the example of the received questionnaires as well as the standard medical examinations conducted upon admission to the head and neck Department, the trends of the primary referral of patients to primary contact doctors, the terms of treatment before referral to a specialized oncological institution, the stage of the process and the presence of metastasis of the primary focus during treatment, the presence of aggravating factors are analyzed. Conclusions. The results for the five-year period in patients with primary malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity were evaluated, practical recommendations on clinically significant symptoms of malignant tumors of the oral cavity, orientation on the timing of observation were given.

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Postoperative radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell cancers: AIIMS experience

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16514 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 16514-16514

Author(s):

M. Malik ◽

T. Puri ◽

B. K. Mohanti ◽

G. K. Rath ◽

P. K. Julka

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Margin Status ◽

Lymph Node Status ◽

Adjuvant Radiation ◽

Node Status

16514 Background: Squamous cell cancers of the head and neck are one of the most common malignancies in India. Most patients present in advanced stages of disease. Postoperative radiotherapy is generally an integral part of management in these patients. Methods: Patients of head and neck squamous cell cancers treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy at AIIMS between January 1999 to December 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 386 patients were treated of which 281 were available for evaluation. There were 233 males and 48 females. Median age was 46 years (range 18–73). Site-wise distribution was: oral cavity- 202, larynx-55, hypopharynx-14, paranasal sinus-4, oropharynx-4, neck nodes with unknown primary-2. Post-surgical margins were adequate in 241, close in 5 (2%) and positive in 35 (12%). Pathological stage grouping was: Stage I- 11(4%), Stage II- 52 (18%), Stage III- 63(22%), Stage IV- 155 (55%). Neck node dissection was done in 245 patients and nodes were pathologically negative in 119 (42%). Extracapsular extension (ECE) was seen in 19(7%) patients. Bone/cartilage invasion was seen in 62(22%). Patients with high risk features (close/positive margins, ECE, 4/> positive nodes) were prescribed a dose of 64 Gy while the rest were planned to receive 60 Gy. 85% of patients completed the intended course of radiation. At a median follow up of 37 months, local recurrences were seen in 28 (10%), regional recurrence in 25 (9%) and distant metastasis in 10 (4%) patients. A second malignant neoplasm occurred in 6 patients (3-oropharynx, 2-oral cavity, 1-lung). Disease free survival (DFS) was 68%. ECE, post-surgical margin status and pathological lymph node status were significantly associated with DFS. Duration of postoperative radiotherapy and the surgery to radiotherapy interval did not significantly affect DFS. Conclusions: ECE, postsurgical margin status and pathological lymph node status significantly impact DFS in patients of surgically treated squamous cell cancers of head and neck. These patients require doses of adjuvant radiation >/=64 Gy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Key genetic disorders in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology ◽

10.24287/1726-1708-2021-20-4-178-184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 178-184

Author(s):

O. O. Chernysheva ◽

A. E. Drui ◽

D. Yu. Kachanov ◽

T. V. Shamanskaya

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Genetic Disorders ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Embryonic Origin

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system of embryonic origin, consisting of undifferentiated neuroectodermal cells of the neural crest.In the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in patients under one year of age, NB is the most common tumor. At the same time, mortality of this disease ranks third, behind leukemias and tumors of the central nervous system, and amounts to 13% in the structure of child mortalityfrom malignant tumors in developed countries. The stratification of patients to the risk groups and the subsequent determination of treatment tactics depends on several prognostic factors, including genetic aberrations identified in tumor cells. Moreover, processes such as spontaneous regression and transformation into benign tumors are due to the genetic characteristics of NB. Thus, the study of genetic disorders underlying the pathogenesis of NB is necessary for adequate subdivision of patients into risk groups and developing of new methods of treatment.

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Possibilities of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors of the oral cavity

Biomedical Photonics ◽

10.24931/2413-9432-2021-10-3-32-38 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 32-38

Author(s):

Y. A. Panaseykin ◽

E. V. Filonenko ◽

F. E. Sevrukov ◽

V. V. Polkin ◽

P. A. Isaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Mucosa ◽

Surface Defects ◽

Radiation Treatment ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Functional Results ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Common Disease

Oral mucosa cancer is a common disease with relatively low survival rates. The standard for the treatment of malignant neoplasms (MNO) of the oral mucosa is the surgical method, chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy. With the introduction of modern protocols and the improvement of current treatment methods, the increase in survival is insignificant due to the development of local and distant relapses, the appearance of simultaneous tumors of the oral cavity. Cosmetic and functional results in patients who have undergone complex treatment for oral cancer are often unsatisfactory. There is an obvious need to develop new approaches to treating patients with cancer of the oral mucosa. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has similar properties. With the development of endoscopic and fiber-optic equipment, the fields of PDT application have significantly expanded. Foci in the oral cavity and oropharynx became available for PDT. The early stages of oral mucosal cancer are optimal for PDT because large surface defects can be treated with minimal complications. Preservation of subepithelial and collagen structures, which is typical for PDT, promotes healing without the formation of scar processes, thereby achieving an ideal cosmetic and functional effect. The use of PDT in the treatment of oral cavity cancer is not limited only to the initial stages in an independent version. It is possible to use PDT in combination with surgical and radiation treatment. In case of massive tumor processes, PDT is used for palliative purposes. The influence of the adaptive immune response under the influence of PDT is being studied.

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Elevated risk of second malignant neoplasms in pediatric germ cell tumor patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.10010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 10010-10010

Author(s):

Maria Clarissa de Faria Soares Rodrigues ◽

Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo ◽

Karina Braga Ribeiro ◽

A. Lindsay Frazier

Keyword(s):

Germ Cell ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Primary Diagnosis ◽

Second Primary ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Primary Malignancy ◽

Second Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Treatment Type

10010 Background: The probability of cure is very high for children with germ cell tumors (GCT), but late effects from cisplatinum can be quite significant. In addition to the immediate effects of oto-, neuro and nephrotoxicity, data from men treated for testicular cancer shows that the rate of second malignant neoplasm (SMN) is doubled and that a man treated before age 20 has a 50% chance of SMN by age 75. This study was designed to assess the risk of SMN among individuals treated for malignant GCT during childhood. Methods: We included all patients 0-19 years old with a primary diagnosis of malignant GCT registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) in the period 1973-2008. We analyzed tumors occurring at least 12 months after the first primary. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using SEER Stat, version 8.0.1. Results: The cohort comprised 1997 patients (798 women and 1,199 men); 86.3% had primary gonadal tumors (91% in men and 79.5% in women). The median age at diagnosis of the primary malignancy was 17 years (17 for males ; 15 for females), and for second malignancies was 27 (27 for males; 30 for females). Fifty eight SMNs were observed (21 in females; 37 in males). Among women, higher risk was observed to developing breast cancer (n=5; SIR=1.29; 95% CI= 0.42-3.02), thyroid cancer (n=5; SIR= 3.40; 95% CI= 1.1-7.93) and brain cancer (n=3; SIR= 9.19; 95% CI=1.89-26.85). Twenty-seven out of 37 second primary tumors observed in men were contralateral testicular tumors, conferring a 16.2 fold higher risk of developing this neoplasm (95% CI= 10.67-23.58). When the analysis excluded testis as a second site, a higher risk was noted for the development of pancreatic cancer (SIR=19.06; 95% CI=2.31-68.83) and leukemia (SIR=3.55; 95% CI=0.43-12.81). Conclusions: Rates of SMN are elevated in both men and women treated as children for pediatric germ cell tumors. Men need to be made aware of risk in contralateral testicle. The rates of SMN may continue to rise with longer follow up. The attribution of treatment type to risk of SMNs is not possible due to the lack of this information in SEER database.

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THE DYNAMICS OF THE DETECTION OF MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE LIPS AND ORAL MUCOSA IN THE MOSCOW REGION

Российский стоматологический журнал ◽

10.18821/1728-2802-2019-23-1-32-34 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 32-34

Author(s):

Irina A. Kryazhinova ◽

V. V Sadovsky ◽

E. E Olesov ◽

E. V Glazkova ◽

P. V Kashchenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Mucosa ◽

Annual Report ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Moscow Region ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

First Year ◽

Oncology Research ◽

Fourth Patient ◽

Research Institute

The analysis of the prevalence of malignant neoplasms (EIT) on the lips and oral cavity according to the annual report on Russia prepared by the Moscow Oncology research Institute named after P. A. Herzen and the Moscow regional oncologic dispensary. The dynamics of the analysis was carried out for 2011 - 2017 years. The detectability of the lip and oral cavity ZNO in the Moscow region is significant. The incidence of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is more pronounced in comparison with the ZNO lips. The extent of the EIT I-II degree are more characteristic of ZNO lips, and for TESTING of the oral cavity II-III degree. Mortality during the first year after diagnosis was established in every fourth patient with oral HEAT. The prevalence of lip ZNO for the period from 2011 to 2017 decreases, and the ZNO of the oral cavity increases.

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Head and neck reconstruction using infrahyoid myocutaneous flaps

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802006000500007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 124 (5) ◽

pp. 271-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Alfio José Tincani ◽

André Del Negro ◽

Priscila Pereira Costa Araújo ◽

Hugo Kenzo Akashi ◽

Flávia da Silva Pinto Neves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Disease Stage ◽

Head And Neck Reconstruction ◽

Myocutaneous Flaps ◽

Neck Reconstruction ◽

Reliable Procedure

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The use of pedicled myocutaneous flaps in head and neck reconstruction is widely accepted. Here we describe our experience with infrahyoid flaps (IHFs) employed to cover surgical defects in the oral cavity and oropharynx in patients with benign and malignant tumors. The aim was to evaluate the success rate for infrahyoid myocutaneous flap procedures performed at a single institution. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study, at the Head and Neck Surgery Service, Unicamp. METHODS: Fourteen IHFs were used to reconstruct surgical defects in eleven men (78.5%) and three women (21.5%) with a mean age of 66.4 years. The anterior floor of the mouth was reconstructed in nine patients (64.2%), the base of tongue in three (21.4%), the lateral floor in one (7.1%), and the retromolar area (7.1%) in one. Thirteen patients (92.8%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one (7.2%) ameloblastoma. The disease stage was T3 in eight (61.5%) of the SCC cases and T4 in five (38.5%). RESULTS: No patient presented total flap loss or fistula. The most common complication was epidermolysis, which delayed the beginning of oral ingestion. The patients with SCC received postoperative radiotherapy without major consequences to the flap. CONCLUSION: IHF is a safe and reliable procedure for reconstructing head and neck surgical defects. Due to its thinness and malleability, its use for oral cavity and oropharynx defects provides favorable cosmetic and functional outcomes. Complications, when present, are easy to manage.

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Colliding Tumor of the Paranasal Sinus

Allergy & Rhinology ◽

10.2500/ar.2013.4.0040 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. ar.2013.4.0040 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Henry P. Barham ◽

Sherif Said ◽

Vijay R. Ramakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Nasal Congestion ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Cell Types ◽

Malignant Cell ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Neck Malignancy ◽

History Of ◽

Optimal Approach

Sinonasal malignant neoplasms comprise only 3% of all head and neck malignancies. Synchronous and metachronous tumors of the head and neck have been described, but rarely have there been reports of a single tumor with two distinct histologies. Here, we describe a case of a sinonasal malignant neoplasm with two distinct histologies. A case report and literature review was performed. We present a case of paranasal sinus neoplasm involving two malignant cell types. An 83-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of symptoms suggestive of chronic sinusitis, which included nasal congestion and intermittent midface pressure. More recently, her symptoms progressed with the development of left-side epistaxis and she was found to have a mass in the left maxillary and ethmoid regions. A biopsy of the maxillary sinus mass revealed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). She underwent complete resection of the lesion through an extended endoscopic approach. Final pathological analysis showed a malignant neoplasm with two distinct malignant morphologies; a moderately differentiated SCC and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment of head and neck malignancy depends on accurate tumor classification and staging. We present a case of a sinonasal tumor with two distinct malignant entities and review the available literature on the subject. Additionally, we discuss the etiologic theories and challenges in planning the optimal approach to management in this scenario.

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IMPACT OF POLYCHEMOTHERAPY ON THE ORAL SOFT TISSUES IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT ABDOMINAL TUMORS

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek201905204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 978-982

Author(s):

Yuliia V. Popelo ◽

Pavlo I. Tkachenko ◽

Serhii O. Bilokon

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Dental Health ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Cytotoxic Effects ◽

Abdominal Tumors ◽

Number Of Cells

Introduction: According to modern standards of treatment of malignant neoplasms conducting polychemotherapy requires up to 90% of cancer patients. However, in addition to the expected cytotoxic effects, it is accompanied by disorders in dental health in the vast majority of patients. The aim: To study the effect of cytostatics on soft tissues of the oral cavity in children with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity. Materials and methods: Material for writing this scientific work served as a synthesis of results for 25 people aged 7 to 15 years with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity, in which a comprehensive oral examination was performed to determine the manifestations of dental toxicity cytostatics. Results: At the end of the first course of chemotherapy, all patients had dry redness of the lips, 20 - (80,0%) with eruptions, in 18 - (20,0%) erosion. The Green-Vermillion, PMA, and PBI indices grew by 1,8; 7 and 3,3 times respectively. In cytograms with buccal epithelium an increase in the number of cells of polymorphic sizes and forms with signs of gidropic dystrophy was found. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio decreased by 1,4 times compared with the primary examination. Conclusions: This situation creates the preconditions for the development of inflammatory process in the tissues of the oral cavity and requires the use in this category of patients of a substantiated pathogenetic correction of existing disorders.

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THE INCIDENCE OF ORAL MALIGNANCIES IN POLTAVA REGION IN 2011-2015

Inter Collegas ◽

10.35339/ic.4.1.45-47 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 45-47

Author(s):

D.S. Avetikov ◽

V.P. Bashtan ◽

S.A. Stavitskiy ◽

K.P. Lokes ◽

V.V. Aipert

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Malignant Neoplasm ◽

Malignant Neoplasms ◽

Treatment Refusal ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Precancerous Condition ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Oral Malignancies ◽

Male To Female

THE INCIDENCE OF ORAL MALIGNANCIES IN POLTAVA REGION IN 2011-2015Avetikov D.S., Bashtan V.P., Stavitskiy S.A., Lokes K.P., Aipert V.V.5 years (2012-2016) oral cavity’s oncology morbidity in Poltava region is represented in the work. There is a high prevalence of neglected tumors (45,3%) of this location together with significant amount of treatment refusal and 31.8 % 1-year mortality after diagnosis were established. 794 cases of oral cavity malignant neoplasms in Poltava region were registered during 2012-2016 yy. with 26.95 % from urban and 73.04% from rural areas. There are 174 (22.16 %) cases in females and 618 (77.84 %) cases in males were observed (male to female ratio is 3,5). Total 1-year mortality is 306 cases.The first place in cancer structure is placed by cancer of lips - 355 people, the second one - cancer of the oral floor (147 cases). Other forms and unspecified parts of tongue - 96 cases, tongue – 75, palate – 67 and malignant neoplasm of gums - 54 cases.KeyWords: morbidity, oncology, oral cavity, precancerous condition, malignant neoplasms.ЗАХВОРЮВАНІСТЬ НА ЗЛОЯКІСНІ НОВОУТВОРЕННЯ В ПОЛТАВСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ ЗА 2012-2016 РР.Д.С. Аветіков, С.О. Ставицький, В.В. Айперт, К.П. ЛокесВ роботі представлений стан онкологічної захворюваності порожнини рота в Полтавському регіоні за 5 років, з 2012- 2016 роки. Виявлена висока занедбаність пухлин цієї локалізації. За статистикою просліджується висока смертність до 1 року з моменту встановлення діагнозу. Вона становить 31,8%. Виявлена велика кількість відмов від лікування на всіх етапах.Загальна кількість хворих на злоякісні новоутворення порожнини рота в Полтавській області за 2012-2016 роки становила 794 особи, із них в місті проживають 214 чоловік (26,95%), у сільській місцевості – 580 (73,04%) хворих, (що у 2,71 рази більше, ніж у місті), за статтю хворих розподілили : жінок, вражених онкопатологією було – 174 (22,16%), чоловіків спостерігалося – 618 (77,84%) осіб, що у 3,55 рази перевищує кількість жінок, смертність до року становила – 306 випадків.На першому місці за кількістю хворих стоїть рак губ – 355 людей, друге місце належить злоякісним новоутворенням дна порожнини рота (147 випадків), інших та не уточнених частин язика – 96 хворих, пухлини язика - 75 людей, піднебіння – 67 осіб, останнє місце займають злоякісні новоутворення ясен - 54 особи.Ключові слова: захворюваність, онкологія, порожнина рота, передракові захворювання, злоякісні новоутворення. ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫИ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЯМИ ПОЛОСТИ РТА В ПОЛТАВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ ЗА 2012-2016 ГГ.Д.С. Аветиков, С.А. Ставицкий, В.В. Айперт, Е.П. Локес.В работе представлено состояние онкологической заболеваемости полости рта в Полтавском регионе за 5 лет с 2012 по 2016 годы. Обнаружена высокая запущенность опухолей этой локализации, которая составляет 45,3 %. По статистике высокая смертность до 1 года с момента постановки диагноза составляет 29,2 %, имеется большое количество отказов от лечения на всех этапах.Общее количество больных злокачественными новообразованиями полости рта в Полтавской области за 2012-2016 года составила 794 особы, из них в городе проживают 214 человек (26,95%), в сельськой местности – 580 (73,04%) больных, (что в 2,71 раза больше, чем в городе). Женщин с онкопатологией было – 174 (22,16%), мужчин наблюдалось – 618 (77,84%) человек, что в 3,55 раза превышает количество женщин, смертность до года составляла – 306 случаев.На первом месте по количеству больных стоит рак губы – 355 человек, второе место занимают злокачественные новообразования дна полости рта (147 случаев), другие и не уточненные части языка – 96 больных, опухоли языка – 75 человек, неба – 67 человек, последнее место занимают злокачественные новообразования десен – 54 человека.Ключевые слова: заболеваемость, онкология, полость рта, предраковые заболевания, злокачественные новообразования.

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