scholarly journals IMPACT OF POLYCHEMOTHERAPY ON THE ORAL SOFT TISSUES IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT ABDOMINAL TUMORS

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-982
Author(s):  
Yuliia V. Popelo ◽  
Pavlo I. Tkachenko ◽  
Serhii O. Bilokon

Introduction: According to modern standards of treatment of malignant neoplasms conducting polychemotherapy requires up to 90% of cancer patients. However, in addition to the expected cytotoxic effects, it is accompanied by disorders in dental health in the vast majority of patients. The aim: To study the effect of cytostatics on soft tissues of the oral cavity in children with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity. Materials and methods: Material for writing this scientific work served as a synthesis of results for 25 people aged 7 to 15 years with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity, in which a comprehensive oral examination was performed to determine the manifestations of dental toxicity cytostatics. Results: At the end of the first course of chemotherapy, all patients had dry redness of the lips, 20 - (80,0%) with eruptions, in 18 - (20,0%) erosion. The Green-Vermillion, PMA, and PBI indices grew by 1,8; 7 and 3,3 times respectively. In cytograms with buccal epithelium an increase in the number of cells of polymorphic sizes and forms with signs of gidropic dystrophy was found. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio decreased by 1,4 times compared with the primary examination. Conclusions: This situation creates the preconditions for the development of inflammatory process in the tissues of the oral cavity and requires the use in this category of patients of a substantiated pathogenetic correction of existing disorders.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Наталья Нуриева ◽  
Natal'ya Nurieva ◽  
Александр Гузь ◽  
Aleksandr Guz ◽  
Александр Захаров ◽  
...  

Subject: malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity, primary detectability, appeal to specialists, terms of treatment before hospitalization. Objective: based on a five-year analysis of the medical records of patients with a verified diagnosis of malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity, to identify significant criteria for primary diagnosis, doctors of the first contact, including non-cancer profile. Methodology. Malignant neoplasms occupy one of the leading places among all medical and social problems. This is due to a number of reasons, among which are particularly high rates of morbidity and mortality, late treatment of patients and frequent disability. the Purpose of early detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is to increase the effectiveness and radicality of treatment, increase the possibility of dental rehabilitation, reduction of disability. To write this article, we conducted a five-year analysis of the primary detection of malignant tumors of the oral cavity in 76 patients hospitalized for treatment in the head and neck Department of the Chelyabinsk district Oncology center. All patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis. Everyone needs specialized anti-tumor treatment. In addition to standard diagnostic procedures, all patients were surveyed on the issues of primary complaints and appeals to medical specialists. Results. On the example of the received questionnaires as well as the standard medical examinations conducted upon admission to the head and neck Department, the trends of the primary referral of patients to primary contact doctors, the terms of treatment before referral to a specialized oncological institution, the stage of the process and the presence of metastasis of the primary focus during treatment, the presence of aggravating factors are analyzed. Conclusions. The results for the five-year period in patients with primary malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity were evaluated, practical recommendations on clinically significant symptoms of malignant tumors of the oral cavity, orientation on the timing of observation were given.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Y. A. Panaseykin ◽  
E. V. Filonenko ◽  
F. E. Sevrukov ◽  
V. V. Polkin ◽  
P. A. Isaev ◽  
...  

Oral mucosa cancer is a common disease with relatively low survival rates. The standard for the treatment of malignant neoplasms (MNO) of the oral mucosa is the surgical method, chemotherapy and / or radiation therapy. With the introduction of modern protocols and the improvement of current treatment methods, the increase in survival is insignificant due to the development of local and distant relapses, the appearance of simultaneous tumors of the oral cavity. Cosmetic and functional results in patients who have undergone complex treatment for oral cancer are often unsatisfactory. There is an obvious need to develop new approaches to treating patients with cancer of the oral mucosa. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has similar properties. With the development of endoscopic and fiber-optic equipment, the fields of PDT application have significantly expanded. Foci in the oral cavity and oropharynx became available for PDT. The early stages of oral mucosal cancer are optimal for PDT because large surface defects can be treated with minimal complications. Preservation of subepithelial and collagen structures, which is typical for PDT, promotes healing without the formation of scar processes, thereby achieving an ideal cosmetic and functional effect. The use of PDT in the treatment of oral cavity cancer is not limited only to the initial stages in an independent version. It is possible to use PDT in combination with surgical and radiation treatment. In case of massive tumor processes, PDT is used for palliative purposes. The influence of the adaptive immune response under the influence of PDT is being studied.


Author(s):  
Irina A. Kryazhinova ◽  
V. V Sadovsky ◽  
E. E Olesov ◽  
E. V Glazkova ◽  
P. V Kashchenko ◽  
...  

The analysis of the prevalence of malignant neoplasms (EIT) on the lips and oral cavity according to the annual report on Russia prepared by the Moscow Oncology research Institute named after P. A. Herzen and the Moscow regional oncologic dispensary. The dynamics of the analysis was carried out for 2011 - 2017 years. The detectability of the lip and oral cavity ZNO in the Moscow region is significant. The incidence of malignant tumors of the oral cavity is more pronounced in comparison with the ZNO lips. The extent of the EIT I-II degree are more characteristic of ZNO lips, and for TESTING of the oral cavity II-III degree. Mortality during the first year after diagnosis was established in every fourth patient with oral HEAT. The prevalence of lip ZNO for the period from 2011 to 2017 decreases, and the ZNO of the oral cavity increases.


Author(s):  
Tedi Purnama ◽  

Maintenance of dental and oral health is very important during the Covid-19 pandemic because the oral cavity is the gateway for disease germs to enter, therefore it is important for everyone to maintain oral hygiene and health. The goal is to avoid the possibility of damage and disturbance to the teeth and all soft tissues in the oral cavity. Covid-19 is a disease caused by a type of corona virus that attacks the respiratory system, so you are required to wear a mask to protect your nose and mouth. Indonesia is one of the countries exposed to Covid-19.


2021 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Popelo

It is known that the course of cancer and chemotherapy adversely affect the components of homeostasis of the oral cavity, which causes stomatotoxicity. However, scientific publications have not yet provided generalized results of research on the pathogenetic mechanisms of the dental pathology formation during chemotherapy, which constitutes the relevance of this publication. The aim of the research was to study the effect of different regimens of the second course of chemo- therapy on the hygienic condition of the oral cavity and periodontium in children with malignant tumors of the abdominal cavity. The dissatisfaction with our results obtained after the first course of chemotherapy on various regimens prompted us to further research. A survey of two previously formed clinical groups was performed. All of them resumed the treatment in the oncohematology department of the Poltava Children's City Clinical Hospital following a 3-4 week break between courses. Each patient was treated according to an individual program but in the absence of dental care. The dental status was assessed using the Green-Vermillion, Papillary-Marginal-Alveolar (PMA), and Pa- pilla Bleeding Index. The study of cytograms from the surface of the gingival margin of the frontal part of the mandible was carried out taking into account the methodology developed by our department's staff. The calculation was per- formed in 10 visual fields. Statistical processing was performed according to standard conditions. Research results and their discussion. It should be noted that in the comparative aspect, the indexes of Green-Vermillion, PMA, and RВI at the end of the first year were 1,8, 1,3, and 1,6 times worse than in the second observation group which received more cytostatic drugs. At the end of the second course of chemotherapy, the dryness of the mucous membrane accompanied by a decrease in oral fluid, which became viscous, was observed in 14 children (70,0%) of the first and 18 of the second group (85.7%). In addition, 15 people in the first group (75,0%) and 19 in the second one (90,4%) complained of pain and bleeding gums, which worsened when eating. At the same time, all children noted pain in the muscles that are adjacent to the lower jaw and involved in articulation. On external examination, only 2 children of the first (10,0%) and 1 of the second group (5%) had a red normal-coloured lip border, while the rest had exfoliation, cracks, and angular cheilitis. The oral mucosa mostly looked pale and pasty, except for 7 people of the second group (35,0%), who had manifestations of erythema. Localized erosions covered with fibrinous plaque were detected in 4 of these patients (20,0%) on the background of erythema. In addition, 12 children (60,0%) of the first group and 19 children of the second one (85.7%) showed swelling and redness of the gingival marginal edge, and the probing of the gingival sulcus provoked bleeding in all children of both groups. Green-Vermillion indexes increased by 1,5 and 1,7 times in the first and second groups, PMA increased by 1,4 times in both groups, and RВI was 1,4 and 1,5 times higher in the respective compared groups. The examination of cytograms revealed more pronounced changes in the second group where the epithelium with signs of intermediate stages of the differentiation prevailed. There was increased desquamation of the superficial layer of the gums and the increased number of peripheral blood elements, especially destroyed neutrophils. Thus, the generalization of the results obtained at the end of the second course of chemotherapy showed that the Green-Vermillion index was 1,8 times higher, and PMA and SВI indices were 1,4 times higher in the second observation group which received more cytostatics. That is, the severity of the manifestations of dental status disorders is directly proportional to the severity of the regimen. Conclusion. The prolongation of the second course of chemotherapy in children with abdominal malignant tumors provoked a significant deterioration of dental status. Major changes occurred in the group of children who received more cytostatic drugs simultaneously, which requires a balanced approach to designing differentiated treatment plans and prevention measures depending on the complexity of antitumor therapy regimens. Prospects for further research. The obtained results indicate the need to develop a set of differentiated treatment and prevention measures aimed at eliminating or improving changes in children that occur in the oral cavity under the influence of polychemotherapy.


Author(s):  
Жанна Владимировна Вечеркина ◽  
Наталья Александровна Шалимова ◽  
Алина Александровна Смолина ◽  
Татьяна Павловна Калиниченко ◽  
Николай Валерьевич Морозов

В статье представлен анализ состояния и микробиоциноза слизистой протезного ложа под базисом съемной конструкции зубного протеза. Полость рта человека является индивидуальной экологической системой для разных микроорганизмов, которые формируют постоянную микрофлору. Нормальная микрофлора представляет собой главный критерий здорового состояния ротовой полости и указывает на патологические изменения, определяющие развитие стоматологических заболеваний твердых тканей зубов, тканей пародонта, слизистой оболочки и т.д. и влияния их на развитие патологических процессов. Видовое постоянство оральной микрофлоры включает представителей разных микроорганизмов. Превалируют бактерии анаэробного типа дыхания - стрептококк, лактобациллы, бактероиды, фузобактерии, вейллонеллы и актиномицеты. Кроме перечисленных представителей, встречаются определенного рода спирохеты, микоплазмы и разнообразные простейшие. Бактерии непостоянной микрофлоры полости рта выявляются, в большинстве случаев, в малых количествах и в небольшой промежуток времени. Долгому нахождению и деятельности их в полости рта мешают местные неспецифические факторы защиты - лизоцим слюны, фагоциты, постоянно находящиеся в полости рта лактобациллы и стрептококки, служащие антагонистами некоторых непостоянных обитателей микрофлоры полости рта. К непостоянным микроорганизмам ротовой полости относятся эшерихии, имеющая высокую ферментативную активность, аэробактерии, выступающие сильнейшим антагонистом молочнокислой флоры полости рта; протей, быстро колонизирующие при гнойных и некротических процессах в полости рта устойчивые ко многим антибиотикам и вызывающие гнойные процессы во рту клебсиеллы. При изменении обычного состояния полости рта бактерии непостоянной флоры могут задерживаться в ней и увеличиваться в численности и привести к дисбиозу полости рта, возникновение которого зависит от особенностей слюноотделения, консистенции и характера пищи, характера жевания и глотания, а также от гигиенического состояния твердых и мягких тканей, стоматологической культуры, наличия соматических заболеваний и ортопедических зубных протезов. Последний фактор стал предметом настоящего исследования. Микроорганизмы поступают в полость рта с водой, продуктами питания, с потоком воздуха, при наложении съемных зубных протезов. Рельеф в полости рта, инородная поверхность базиса зубных протезов, в которых остаются слущенный эпителий, остатки пищи, слюна, только благоприятствуют агрессивному размножению микроорганизмов патогенной и условно патогенной флоры. Сильные трансформации состава и функций микрофлоры, вызванные понижением реактивности организма, СОПР и многими лечебными мероприятиями, в том числе протезирование приводят к дисбиотическим сдвигам, ставящих под угрозу качество стоматологического здоровья и эффективность проводимого лечения The article presents the analysis of the status and microbiocenosis of the mucous prosthetic bed under the design basis removable dental prosthesis. The human oral cavity is an individual ecological system for different microorganisms that form a permanent microflora. Normal microflora is the main criterion for the healthy state of the oral cavity and indicates pathological changes that determine the development of dental diseases of the hard tissues of the teeth, periodontal tissues, mucous membrane, etc.and their influence on the development of pathological processes. The species constancy of the oral microflora is very stable and includes representatives of various microorganisms. Anaerobic respiration bacteria - Streptococcus, lactobacilli, Bacteroides, fusobacteria, veillonella and actinomycetes-predominate. In addition to these representatives, there are a certain kind of spirochetes, mycoplasmas and a variety of protozoa. Bacteria of the unstable microflora of the oral cavity are detected, in most cases, in small quantities and in a short period of time. Their long presence and activity in the oral cavity are hindered by local non-specific protection factors - saliva lysozyme, phagocytes, lactobacilli and streptococci that are constantly present in the oral cavity, which serve as antagonists of some non-permanent inhabitants of the oral microflora. Non-permanent microorganisms of the oral cavity include Escherichia, which has a high enzymatic activity, and aerobacteria, which act as the strongest antagonist of the lactic acid flora of the oral cavity; Proteus, rapidly colonizing with purulent and necrotic processes in the oral cavity resistant to many antibiotics and causing purulent processes in the mouth Klebsiella. When the normal state of the oral cavity changes, bacteria of unstable flora can linger in it and increase in number and lead to dysbiosis of the oral cavity. The occurrence of which depends on the characteristics of salivation, the consistency and nature of food, the nature of chewing and swallowing, as well as on the hygienic state of hard and soft tissues, dental culture, the presence of somatic diseases and orthopedic dentures. The latter factor was the subject of this study. Microorganisms enter the oral cavity with water, food, with the flow of air, when applying removable dentures. The relief in the oral cavity, the foreign surface of the basis of dentures, in which there are sloughed epithelium, food residues, saliva, only favor the aggressive reproduction of microorganisms of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic flora. Strong transformations of the composition and functions of the microflora caused by a decrease in the reactivity of the body, SOPR and many therapeutic measures, including prosthetics, lead to dysbiotic shifts that threaten the quality of dental health and the effectiveness of the treatment


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1(97)) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
O. Ivashchuk ◽  
I. Malyshevsky ◽  
Yu. Myshkovsky

The aim of the work is to determine the dynamics of the incidence of malignant neoplasms of the abdominal cavity in the Bukovina region and possible determinants. Material and methods. The study was performed on the basis of RMNE "Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Oncology Center" and Clinic of Oncology of Bukovinian State Medical University and covers observation materials during 2015-2019 and statistical reporting on 102,247 cases of tumors of various localizations. The indicators were calculated using Access and Excel software packages based on the Microsoft Office environment. The results. The total number of malignant neoplasms of different localizations is relatively stable throughout the study period and ranged from 19903 to 21259 cases per year (average 20449.4±508.2 registered during the year). Neoplasms of the abdominal cavity are about the third of the total number of tumors of different localization with a certain tendency to grow. The distribution of patients with neoplasms of the abdominal cavity by stages of development is relatively uniform, despite significant variations in different localizations of tumors. Conclusions. A significant part of tumors of the abdominal cavity is diagnosed in the late (III-IV) stages of the pathological process, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment. Significant differences in the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of neoplasms of various abdominal organs have been identified, which requires further study.


Author(s):  
E. Y. Leontyeva ◽  
T. Y. Bykovskaya

The analysis of the appealability for the rehabilitation of the oral cavity of staff subject to mandatory periodic examinations at the dentist. The growth of indicators characterizing the dental activity of employees was noted. Subject to the principle of continuity, annual mandatory periodic examinations can be one of the factors in maintaining the dental health of employees.


2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.


2020 ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
O. S. Plotnikova ◽  
V. I. Apanasevich ◽  
M. A. Medkov ◽  
A. A. Polezhaev ◽  
V. I. Nevozhai ◽  
...  

Objective: The creation of the medicine for a local radiomodification of tumors.Methods: The level of the secondary radiation on the surface of the phosphate glass powder with the inclusion of tantalum oxide processed by 6 MeV deceleration emission was studied. Medical linear accelerator TrueBeam (Varian, USA), and Semiconductor diode detector PDI 2.0 (Sun Nuclear Corp., USA) having the system of moving in vertical plane and the system of position video recording were used.Results: The presence of the phosphate glass (containing 20% Та2О5) on the surface gave a 63.7% increase to the secondary radiation. It’s around two thirds of the overall level.Conclusion: An opportunity to create a medicine on the basis of phosphate glass, containing tantalum oxide, for local radiomodification of malignant tumors. 


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