scholarly journals Treatment of Foot Deformities in Children under 3

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
Ivya V Krestyashin ◽  
Aleksander Yu Razumovskiy ◽  
Vladimir M Krestyashin ◽  
Ivan I Kuzhelivskiy
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Congenital Deformity ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Early Beginning ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Vertical Talus ◽  
Inpatient Basis

Introduction. The choice of treatment options of foot deformity in children is the most acute in the first years of life. In this regard, the need for hospital stay of a child is debatable today. A number of interventions in the treatment of foot pathology can be performed on an outpatient basis.The aim of this study was to improve clinical outcomes of pes equino-varus treatment using the Ponseti procedure, and the Dobbs vertical talus correction combined with massage, physiotherapy and exercise therapy on the outpatient and inpatient basis in pediatric population. Methods. The study included 106 children who were examined and treated at N.F. Filatov Children's City Clinical Hospital in 2015-2020.Results. The study revealed that, if left untreated, the orthopedic pathology of the feet in children is often accompanied by pain, functional changes and a high risk of disability, the fact evidencing high social significance of the studied nosology. In all examined children a congenital deformity of the foot was completely eliminated after a comprehensive assessment and a combination of conservative and surgical correction techniques. Conclusions. Careful adherence to the Ponseti procedure is required to achieve a complete pes equino-varus correction. Early beginning of correction is the most beneficial due to its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Surgical Correction of Foot Deformity in Children under 3 Years of Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Ilya Krestyashin ◽  
Aleksander Razumovskiy ◽  
Vladimir Krestyashin ◽  
Ivan Kuzhelivskiy ◽  
Aleksander Isakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ponseti Method ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Foot Deformity ◽  
Therapeutic Exercise ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Early Start ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Congenital Foot Deformity ◽  
Vertical Talus

Aim. The study aimed to improve the outcomes for surgical correction of talipes equinovarus in children using the Ponseti method, as well as vertical talus correction using the Dobbs method combined with massage, physiotherapy and therapeutic exercise. Material and methods. In the period from 2015 to 2020, 109 children were examined and treated at the Filatov City Children’s Hospital, Moscow. Results. The study has revealed that without timely correction the orthopedic foot pathology in children is often accompanied by pain, functional changes and a high risk of developing disability in a child, which determines a high social significance of this nosology. After a comprehensive assessment and a combination of conservative and surgical correction techniques, the congenital foot deformity in all children was completely eliminated. Conclusion. The Ponseti method is required to be carefully adhered to in order to achieve a complete pes equino-varus correction. Early start of correction of changes is effective.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Atrial Fibrillation—Mechanisms and Pharmacological Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2385
Author(s):  
Paweł Muszyński ◽  
Tomasz A. Bonda
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Electrical Instability ◽  
Ionic Fluxes ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Despite the enormous progress in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, mainly with the use of invasive techniques, many questions remain unanswered regarding the pathomechanism of the arrhythmia and its prevention methods. The development of atrial fibrillation requires functional changes in the myocardium that result from disturbed ionic fluxes and altered electrophysiology of the cardiomyocyte. Electrical instability and electrical remodeling underlying the arrhythmia may result from a cellular energy deficit and oxidative stress, which are caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. The significance of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation remains not fully elucidated; however, it is emphasized by the reduction of atrial fibrillation burden after therapeutic interventions improving the mitochondrial welfare. This review summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction related to atrial fibrillation and current pharmacological treatment options targeting mitochondria to prevent or improve the outcome of atrial fibrillation.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope T. Jackson ◽  
Timothy D. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Solid Diet ◽  
Esophageal Sphincter

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in the pediatric population. Most cases represent physiologic GER and as the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) matures and a solid diet is introduced, many of these patients (>65%) experience spontaneous resolution of symptoms by two years of age. Those who continue to have symptoms and develop complications such as failure to thrive, secondary respiratory disease, and others are classified as having gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Goals of GERD treatment include the resolution of symptoms and prevention of complications. Treatment options to achieve these goals include dietary or behavioral modifications, pharmacologic intervention, and surgical therapy. This paper will review the clinical presentation of GERD and discuss options for surgical management and outcomes in these patients.

Craniopharyngioma

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Lissa C. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment Morbidity

Pediatric craniopharyngioma is a histologically benign neoplasm with potential for malignant clinical behavior. Presenting vision and endocrine deficits are common, and the natural history carries unacceptable morbidity, including blindness, complete hypothalamic and pituitary dysfunction, and death. The goal of initial treatment for craniopharyngioma in the pediatric population should be permanent tumor control or cure in order to minimize morbidity from recurrent and progressive disease. Treatment-related morbidity is acute with surgical intervention and requires immediate postoperative endocrinological care. Radiotherapy is associated with delayed treatment morbidity, and long-term monitoring is critical. Inadequate tumor control after initial treatment will result in inevitable recurrence, with more complex and less effective treatment options and higher associated treatment morbidity. Unexpected intraoperative complications can be avoided with careful preoperative planning and good surgical technique.

Treatment options for hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a mother's perspective

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Palliative Surgery ◽  
First Year ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Left Heart Syndrome ◽  
Made In

The congenital heart defect of HLHS is nearly uniformly fatal without intervention. As surgeons gain experience with the techniques the success rates are improving; more infants with HLHS are being offered hope for survival and quality of life. The critical nature of this diagnosis, the relatively new treatment options, and uncertainty of the surgical outcome impose tremendous stress on the parents. Choice of treatment is difficult and should be made in collaboration with the attending physician. Although the first year of my son's life was difficult, the past 5 years have been wonderful. He continues to thrive and enjoy most of the activities other 6-year-olds enjoy. In retrospect, palliative surgery was a good option for him. As both his mother and a cardiac nurse, I recognize that he may once again require surgical intervention, but I am encouraged that medical and surgical advances are being made for children with HLHS.

scholarly journals Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Munir'deen A. Ijaiya ◽  
Hadijat O. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Principles Of Treatment

Prolapse of the pelvic organs is a common condition encountered in gynecological practice that adversely affects the quality of life of affected women. It affects millions of women worldwide. The principles of treatment of pelvic organ prolapse include restoring anatomy and vaginal function, correcting associated urinary and or fecal incontinence, and preventing de novo prolapse and incontinence. There are various treatment options for pelvic organ prolapse. These vary from conservative treatments/ mechanical interventions to surgery. The choice of treatment depends on severity of symptoms, patient’s age, parity, and whether there is the need to conserve the uterus for reproductive function. In conclusion, thorough evaluation of symptoms and degree of prolapse is essential in order to provide the best possible treatment and ultimately improve quality of life.

scholarly journals Impact of Rhinovirus Infections in Children

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Vandini ◽  
Carlotta Biagi ◽  
Maximilian Fischer ◽  
Marcello Lanari
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Direct Cell ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Rhinovirus (RV) is an RNA virus that causes more than 50% of upper respiratory tract infections in humans worldwide. Together with Respiratory Syncytial Virus, RV is one of the leading causes of viral bronchiolitis in infants and the most common virus associated with wheezing in children aged between one and two years. Because of its tremendous genetic diversity (>150 serotypes), the recurrence of RV infections each year is quite typical. Furthermore, because of its broad clinical spectrum, the clinical variability as well as the pathogenesis of RV infection are nowadays the subjects of an in-depth examination and have been the subject of several studies in the literature. In fact, the virus is responsible for direct cell cytotoxicity in only a small way, and it is now clearer than ever that it may act indirectly by triggering the release of active mediators by structural and inflammatory airway cells, causing the onset and/or the acute exacerbation of asthmatic events in predisposed children. In the present review, we aim to summarize the RV infection’s epidemiology, pathogenetic hypotheses, and available treatment options as well as its correlation with respiratory morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population.

scholarly journals Use of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia in a Pediatric Patient with Combined Immunodeficiency (CID): A Case Report from a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Zikri ◽  
Kamal El Masri
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Combined Immunodeficiency ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profiles ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor

Infections, with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are a major concern in the pediatric intensive care unit, especially in immunocompromised patients. Some of these strains are resistant to all beta-lactams, including carbapenems, leaving very limited treatment options remaining. These options include aminoglycosides and colistin, both of which have poor pharmacokinetic profiles with significant toxicities. Newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations offer additional novel options to treat such infections, given their good pharmacokinetic profiles and activity against multi-drug resistant strains. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a novel cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination approved in 2014. The drug demonstrates good activity against multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains, including those resistant to all other antibiotics. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is currently approved in adult patients 18 years and older only. There are very limited data on its pharmacokinetic profile and clinical utility in the pediatric population. We report the use of ceftolozane/tazobactam to successfully treat pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in a pediatric patient with combined immunodeficiency syndrome.

scholarly journals Conjoined twins presenting with foot deformities: insights to management and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e231247
Author(s):  
Himanshu Kanwat ◽  
Roshan Banjara ◽  
Venkatesan Sampath Kumar ◽  
Abdul Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Congenital Vertical Talus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Talipes Equinovarus ◽  
Vertebral Anomalies ◽  
Musculoskeletal Abnormalities ◽  
Vertical Talus

Conjoined twins are a rare outcome of conception associated with numerous anomalies involving multiple organ systems. Musculoskeletal abnormalities like vertebral anomalies, sacral agenesis, foot deformities and hip dysplasia have been described in literature. We describe two cases of pyopagus twins with congenital talipes equinovarus and congenital vertical talus deformity which have not been described previously in this type of conjoined twins. The orthopaedist should look actively for such deformities in this patient population and be wary of the difficulties associated with their management.

scholarly journals EANO guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of vestibular schwannoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Goldbrunner ◽  
Michael Weller ◽  
Jean Regis ◽  
Morten Lund-Johansen ◽  
Pantelis Stavrinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Fractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Choice Of Treatment

Abstract The level of evidence to provide treatment recommendations for vestibular schwannoma is low compared with other intracranial neoplasms. Therefore, the vestibular schwannoma task force of the European Association of Neuro-Oncology assessed the data available in the literature and composed a set of recommendations for health care professionals. The radiological diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma is made by magnetic resonance imaging. Histological verification of the diagnosis is not always required. Current treatment options include observation, surgical resection, fractionated radiotherapy, and radiosurgery. The choice of treatment depends on clinical presentation, tumor size, and expertise of the treating center. In small tumors, observation has to be weighed against radiosurgery, in large tumors surgical decompression is mandatory, potentially followed by fractionated radiotherapy or radiosurgery. Except for bevacizumab in neurofibromatosis type 2, there is no role for pharmacotherapy.

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