The Relationship Between Salivary Candida Albicans Colony Count and Blood Group Antigens in Dentistry Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hajimaghsoodi ◽  
Abbas Ali Jafari Nodoushan ◽  
Mohamad Hassan Akhavan Karbassi ◽  
Yasaman Yazdanparast
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aims: Candida albicans is the most prevalent opportunistic fungal species in the oral cavity. To date, several studies have been investigated the various factors associated with oral candidiasis. On the other hand, it has been proven that blood types antigens lead to some infectious factors. This study aimed to evaluate Candida albicans colonies in the saliva of dentistry students based on their blood type to detect a relationship between blood group and incidence of oral candidiasis. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 200 dentistry students were selected by a simple sampling method, including 100 individuals with blood type O and 100 with other blood types. The unstimulated salivary samples of all the participants were collected by spitting, cultured on Sabouraud medium, and then the isolated Candida albicans colonies were enumerated and recorded. Results: In the present study, samples comprised 77 males and 123 females, of whom 15.5% (31 individuals) carried colony-forming units > 40. The mean of Candida albicans colonies in the individuals' saliva with blood type O was 21.55, and it was 10.68 in the other groups. Besides, the differences were statistically significant (p = 0.024). There was no significant difference in Candida albicans colony count between O positive and O negative blood groups. Conclusions: The result of this study showed a significant relationship between the number of Candida albicans colonies of saliva and the individual’s blood type.

scholarly journals Effect of Intraoperative Blood Transfusion On Treg And Foxp3 In Patients With Digestive Tract Malignancies And Different Abo Blood Types

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Liu ◽  
Junzhi Sun ◽  
Yun Xia ◽  
Michael R. Lyaker ◽  
Jianshe Yu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Foxp3 Expression ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Foxp3 Mrna ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background Blood transfusion can cause immunosuppression and lead to worse outcomes in patients with digestive tract malignancies; however, the specific mechanism behind this is not completely understood. One theory is that increased numbers of regulatory CD3 + CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + T cells (Tregs) and forkhead box protein-3 mRNA (FOXP3) expression in the blood after transfusion contribute to these outcomes. The effect of blood transfusion on immune function in patients with different ABO blood types is variable. This study investigates the effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 in the blood of patients with different ABO blood types and digestive tract malignancies. Methods Patients with digestive tract malignancies who underwent radical resection and received intraoperative blood transfusion were divided into four groups according to their blood types:blood group A, B, O and AB (n=20 ). Blood was collected before surgery, immediately after transfusion, 1 day after transfusion, and 5 days after transfusion. The number of Tregs was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of FOXP3 was detected by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results There was no significant difference in the number of Tregs or expression of FOXP3 mRNA among patients with different blood types before surgery. However, the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 increased after blood transfusion in all blood type groups. This increase was especially evident and statistically significant on the first day after blood transfusion when compared with measures obtained before the surgery. Measures returned to the preoperative level five days after surgery. There were significant differences in the increase of Tregs and expression of FOXP3 among patients with different blood types. The greatest increase was seen in patients with blood group B and the least in blood group A. Conclusions Intraoperative blood transfusion can lead to an increase in blood Tregs and FOXP3 expression in patients with digestive tract malignancies. Increases were greatest on the first day after surgery and differed among patients with different blood types. Increases were greatest in blood type B and least in blood type A.

scholarly journals Association of ABO Blood Group and Body Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Ghanaian Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Smith ◽  
Isaac Okai ◽  
Chrissie Stansie Abaidoo ◽  
Emmanuel Acheampong
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

ABO blood group and body mass index (BMI) have individually been appraised as risk factors for certain diseases. From statistical perspective, it may be important to examine the relationship between the ABO blood antigen and BMI. This cross-sectional study involved 412 participants aged 18 to 46 at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi. Weight and height of participants were measured for BMI calculation; blood group determination was done using antisera. Blood group O was the most prevalent (51.2%), while Rhesus-positive individuals constituted 90.3%. 6.3% of the participants were obese, while 18.7% were overweight. There was significant (p=0.006) higher prevalence of obesity in females (10.3%) than in males (3.4%). The study did not observe any significant difference by association of ABO blood group with gender (p=0.973), BMI (p=0.307), or Rhesus status (p=0.723). Regarding gender (p=0.400) and BMI (p=0.197), no statistically significant difference was observed between Rhesus blood groups. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, blood type O, and rhesus positive observed among students in this study is largely similar to what has been reported in published studies in Ghana and from other countries. Overweight and obesity were not associated with ABO blood groups or Rhesus in this study.

scholarly journals Salivary Secretor Status of Blood Group Antigens in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-377
Author(s):  
Sedighe Bakhtiari ◽  
Soheila Mani Far ◽  
Zahra Alibakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Shirkhoda ◽  
Fahimeh Anbari
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Head And Neck Cancers ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancers include malignancies of the scalp and neck skin, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx and larynx. The term ABO secretor refers to people who secrete blood group antigens in their body fluids such as saliva, sweat, tears, semen, and serum. Non-secretors refer to those who do not secrete their blood group antigens in their body fluids. The lack of blood type antigens in body discharge increases the susceptibility to certain types of diseases and infection. AIM: Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the secretion of blood groups in the saliva of patients with head and neck cancers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 110 people (57 patients with head and neck cancer who were referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran and 53 cancer-free controls). Five ml of non-stimulated saliva were collected by the spitting method. By agglutination or lack of agglutination in the test tubes, we determined the patient’s secretor or non-secretor condition. RESULTS: In terms of secretor status, 52.7% of all samples were secretors. In the case group, 19 out of 57 cases (33.3%) were secretors, and 38 were non-secretors (66.7%). In the control group, 39 out of 53 cases (73.6%) were secretors, and 14 cases were non-secretors (26.4%). There was a significant difference in the percentage of non-secretors between the two groups (p = 0.00). CONCLUSION: People with non-secretor status may be more prone to develop head and neck cancer. The presence of these antigens in saliva may have a protective effect.

scholarly journals Secretor Status of ABO Antigens in Saliva of a Defined Group of Iranian Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case-Control Study

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Bakhtiari ◽  
Zahra Yadegari ◽  
Marziyeh Kaviyani ◽  
Zahra Namazi ◽  
Mahin Bakhshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
The People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Introduction. Pemphigus is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease which can cause blisters and mucocutaneous erosions. ABO secretor refers to those who secrete ABO blood group antigens based on their blood type in body fluids such as saliva, sweat, tears, semen, and serum. Previous studies showed that nonsecretor people are more prone to certain autoimmune diseases. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the ABO secretor status in the saliva of patients with pemphigus vulgaris. Materials and Methods. This case-control study was conducted on 35 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 35 healthy controls. The two groups were matched for age and gender. Pemphigus vulgaris diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and direct immunofluorescence microscopy. ABO blood grouping was done, and 5 ml of unstimulated saliva was collected to determine secretor status. Secretors were recognized from nonsecretors by the Wiener agglutination inhibition test. Results were extracted by using statistical chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results. 16 male and 19 female patients aged 49.43 ± .12.37 years were compared with 16 male and 19 female controls aged 46.43 ± 11.88 years. The most frequent blood group among case and control groups was O (54.3% and 60%, respectively). There was no significant difference in blood groups (P=0.73). 90% of the samples were ABO secretors. The patient group included 31 (88.6%) and the control group included 32 (91.4%) ABO secretors; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=1.000). Conclusion. In this study, we observed that the people with nonsecretor status in comparison with the people with secretor status are not more susceptible to develop pemphigus vulgaris.

scholarly journals Using red blood cell genomics in transfusion medicine

Hematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Johnsen
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Blood Typing ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Blood types (blood group antigens) are heritable polymorphic antigenic molecules on the surface of blood cells. These were amongst the first human Mendelian traits identified, and the genetic basis of nearly all of the hundreds of blood types is known. Clinical laboratory methods have proven useful to identify selected blood group gene variants, and use of genetic blood type information is becoming widespread. However, the breadth and complexity of clinically relevant blood group genetic variation poses challenges. With recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies, a more comprehensive DNA sequence-based genetic blood typing approach is now feasible. This chapter introduces the practitioner to high-resolution genetic blood typing beginning with an overview of the genetics of blood group antigens, the clinical problem of allosensitization, current blood type testing methods, and then discussion of next-generation sequencing and its application to the problem of genetic blood typing.

scholarly journals Discrepancies Between SNPs and Serology in Calling Blood Types in Asian and Native American Blood Donors

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1552-1552
Author(s):  
Jill M Johnsen ◽  
Gayle T Teramura ◽  
Samantha Harris ◽  
Meghan Delaney
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Native American ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Group Antigen ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Blood Types

Abstract Introduction: Blood types result from genetic variation at blood group genes which directs the expression of blood group antigens on red blood cells. Determination of blood types is clinically important, as blood type mismatches can instigate potentially life-threatening allo-immune responses in transfusion recipients, transplant patients, and pregnant women. Blood types present in Asian American and Native American populations but rare or absent in the blood donor inventory, which is largely European American, can pose significant challenges to effective transfusion and pre-transfusion testing. We sought to more deeply characterize the blood type diversity present in Asian and Native Americans. Methods: Consenting blood donors self-identified to be of Asian or Native American descent were eligible. Conventional serologic methods were used determine C, Jka, Jkb, M, and N blood types. Genotyping was performed with a blood type SNP array (HEA Beadchip™, BioArray Solutions) to genetically assign c, C, e, E, K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jsa, Jsb, Jka, Jkb, Fya, Fyb, , M, N, S, s, Lua, Lub, Dia, Dib, Coa, Cob, Doa, Dob, Joa, Hy, LWa, LWb, Sc1, and Sc2. For both methods, blood type was designated as positive “+” (consistent with presence of a blood group antigen) or negative “0” (consistent with absence of a blood group antigen). A SNP-serology discrepancy was defined as a “+” assignment by one method and a “0” by the other. Ambiguous SNP determinations were called “+” or “0” based upon relative signal intensities using established algorithms whenever possible; if not possible, the SNP-determined blood types were designated either inconclusive (IC) or low signal (LS). Results: A total of 8454 Asian and Native American blood donors representing 9 distinct ethnic groups were included in the study. As expected, the frequencies of rare and uncommon blood types differed between ethnic groups and in comparison to Europeans. Overall, 4.7% of blood donors studied exhibited one or more SNP-serology discrepancies for the four blood types tested by both methods (Table 1). The frequency of discrepancies was widely variable between blood types and between study populations (Figure 1), reaching as high as 5.4% for N (in Southeast Asians) and 7.2% for Jkb (in Pacific Islander/Hawaiians). We additionally observed patterns in IC and LS calls which varied between blood types and between ethnicities, suggesting that underlying genetic variation may contribute to inconclusive or low signal SNP results. Conclusions: We characterized 8454 Asian and Native American blood donors for blood type by serology and with SNPs. As expected, we observed variation in the frequencies of blood type SNPs both between study populations and in comparison to Europeans. With additional testing, we found that 4.7% of donors exhibited discrepancies between SNP-predicted and serology-detected blood type, and that the frequencies of discrepancies varied between ethnic groups. We hypothesize that clinically relevant blood group gene variants were not accurately predicted using this SNP approach due to underlying genetic diversity at blood group loci in these populations. We propose that a more comprehensive approach, such as DNA sequencing, would characterize blood group gene variants in individuals of Asian and Native American heritage, as well as other genetically diverse populations. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on Treg and FOXP3 in patients with digestive tract malignancies and different ABO blood types

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajun Liu ◽  
Junzhi Sun ◽  
Yun Xia ◽  
Michael R. Lyaker ◽  
Jianshe Yu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Foxp3 Expression ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Foxp3 Mrna ◽  
Blood Types ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Blood transfusion can cause immunosuppression and lead to worse outcomes in patients with digestive tract malignancies; however, the specific mechanism behind this is not completely understood. One theory is that increased numbers of regulatory CD3+CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T cells (Tregs) and forkhead box protein-3 mRNA (FOXP3) expression in the blood after transfusion contribute to these outcomes. The effect of blood transfusion on immune function in patients with different ABO blood types is variable. This study investigates the effect of intraoperative blood transfusion on the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 in the blood of patients with different ABO blood types and digestive tract malignancies. Methods Patients with digestive tract malignancies who underwent radical resection and received intraoperative blood transfusion were divided into four groups according to their blood types:blood group A, blood group B, blood group O and blood group AB (n = 20 for each group). Blood was collected from all patients before surgery, immediately after transfusion, 1 day after transfusion, and 5 days after transfusion. The number of Tregs was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of FOXP3 was detected by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results There was no significant difference in the number of Tregs or expression of FOXP3 mRNA among patients with different blood types before surgery. However, the number of Tregs and the expression of FOXP3 increased after blood transfusion in all blood type groups. This increase was especially evident and statistically significant on the first day after blood transfusion when compared with measures obtained before the surgery. Measures returned to the preoperative level five days after surgery. There were significant differences in the increase of Tregs and expression of FOXP3 among patients with different blood types. The greatest increase was seen in patients with blood group B and the least in blood group A. Conclusions Intraoperative blood transfusion can lead to an increase in blood Tregs and FOXP3 expression in patients with digestive tract malignancies. Increases were greatest on the first day after surgery and differed among patients with different blood types. Increases were greatest in blood type B and least in blood type A.

scholarly journals KELL BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS IN THE BLOOD DONORS ATTENDING BLOOD BANKS OF TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1167-1171
Author(s):  
Sabeen Fatima ◽  
Mona Aziz ◽  
Sindhu Rehman ◽  
Maliha Asif ◽  
Naseem Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
K Antigen

Introduction: Among the complications of blood transfusion, Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) and Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) are particularly important. Literature reports frequency of HTRs and related mortality up to 1/76,000 and 1/1.8 million units transfused respectively. These hemolytic reactions are caused by incompatibility between the donor and recipient blood and in cases of HDN, due to feto-maternal incompatibility due to maternal antibodies attacking the fetal red cells. Anti-K antibody is the most common antibody encountered in blood banks after the ABO and Rh antibodies. So routine screening and matching of these blood antigens along with ABO and Rh can further reduce the risk of HTRs and HDN. Existing literature on Kell blood system reports varying frequency of K and k antigens among various populations. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Kell blood group antigens in the blood donor population at Shaikh Zayed and Jinnah Hospitals Lahore and the association of Kell blood group antigens with different ABO blood groups of Lahore population. Study Design: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Research was conducted at the Blood banks of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months after the approval of synopsis from 15/06/2015 to 15/12/2015. Material and Methods: This study included 192 donors; 96 from Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore and 96 from Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. A written informed consent was taken from every donor. Kell blood group antigens K and k were determined. Results: There were 192 donors, 96 each from Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Out of these donors 186 (96.9%) were males and 6 (3.1%) were females. The most frequent ABO blood group antigen observed was B, which was seen in 82 (42.7%) donors, followed by O in 68 (35.4%), A in 36 (18.8%) and AB in 06 (3.1%) donors. Kell antigen k was found in 185 (96.3%) donors while K was found in 07 (3.6%) donors. When stratified, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of Kell antigens between genders (p=0.08) and ABO blood groups (0.09). The frequency of k antigen was higher among those with blood group B (43.2% vs. 17.8%) as compared to A, and the frequency of K antigen was higher among those with blood group A (42.8% vs. 28.5%) as compared to B, however, this was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The frequency of k was observed to be 96.3%. It was higher in donors with antigen B while the frequency of K was found to be 3.6% and it was higher in donors with antigen A.

scholarly journals NMR Experiments Shed New Light on Glycan Recognition by Human and Murine Norovirus Capsid Proteins

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Robert Creutznacher ◽  
Thorben Maass ◽  
Patrick Ogrissek ◽  
Georg Wallmann ◽  
Clara Feldmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Capsid Proteins ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Murine Norovirus ◽  
Human Norovirus ◽  
Head Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

Glycan–protein interactions are highly specific yet transient, rendering glycans ideal recognition signals in a variety of biological processes. In human norovirus (HuNoV) infection, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) play an essential but poorly understood role. For murine norovirus infection (MNV), sialylated glycolipids or glycoproteins appear to be important. It has also been suggested that HuNoV capsid proteins bind to sialylated ganglioside head groups. Here, we study the binding of HBGAs and sialoglycans to HuNoV and MNV capsid proteins using NMR experiments. Surprisingly, the experiments show that none of the norovirus P-domains bind to sialoglycans. Notably, MNV P-domains do not bind to any of the glycans studied, and MNV-1 infection of cells deficient in surface sialoglycans shows no significant difference compared to cells expressing respective glycans. These findings redefine glycan recognition by noroviruses, challenging present models of infection.

scholarly journals Correlation of ABO Blood Groups and Rh Factor with The Severity of Generalized Chronic Periodontitis: Across Sectional Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Mostafa ◽  
Essam I. Elkhatat ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu ◽  
Muna Mahgoub ◽  
Esam Dhaifullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

BACKGROUND: The development of periodontal diseases depends on the presence of causative microorganisms, host immunity and risk factors. Although variability present among the types of periodontal diseases, all are represented to a shared interaction between host and bacteria. ABO blood groups are the most investigated erythrocyte antigen system. However, limited investigations have been conducted to explore the alliance between ABO blood groups and periodontal diseases. AIM: Our purpose was to explore any possible association between the severity of chronic periodontitis with ABO blood groups and Rh factor. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 205 patients out of 1126 generalised chronic periodontitis patients (GCP) who were referred to Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. They were categorized into; group I (mild), group II (moderate) and group III (sever). RESULTS: The patients with blood group O were at a greater risk to develop GCP irrespective of its severity, followed by those with blood group A, B, and AB. The dispensation of the Rh factor in all groups exhibited a significantly greater distribution of Rh positive. CONCLUSION: Genetic factors such as ABO blood group antigens may act as a risk influencer that affects the progression and severity of the chronic periodontitis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document