scholarly journals A Simple and Cost-Effective Freeze-Thaw Based Method for Plasmodium DNA Extraction from Dried Blood Spot

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriya SHARMA ◽  
Riti MANN ◽  
Sandeep KUMAR ◽  
Neelima MISHRA ◽  
Bina SRIVASTAVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Processing Steps

Background: Available DNA isolation methods for Plasmodium involve numerous processing steps, adding to the cost and conferring risk of contamination. Here we devise a simple and cost-effective method for direct extraction of Plasmodium DNA from dried filter paper spot (DBS), appropriate for resource-limited setups. Methods: The protocol involves simple freezing and thawing of DBS, neither involves any purification step nor any chemical reagent. The method was assessed in terms of DNA quantity, PCR detection sensitivity, time requirement, cost effectiveness, labor intensiveness and degree of shearing. The reliability of this method was confirmed by comparing it with other in use methods for Plasmodium DNA isolation. Results: Pure DNA was obtained with this method, as exemplified by the absorbance ratio (260nm /280nm) of 1.2. The protocol produced digestible, PCR-grade genomic DNA, also found to be suitable for sequencing. DNA isolated remained stable and retained its integrity after storage for one month at 4 0C. Conclusion: Our process substantiated as efficient, reproducible, simple, fast, and inexpensive. Development of this optimized freeze-thaw based DNA extraction method for malaria parasite may provide a valuable tool for molecular analysis in resource-limited setups. This is the first report of DNA extraction from DBS of Plasmodium utilizing freeze-thaw.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of cost effective extraction free molecular technique for detection of SARS-CoV-2 with reference to standard VTM based RT-qPCR method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megh Singh Dhakad ◽  
Sanjib Gogoi ◽  
Ansu Kumari ◽  
Aashish Kumar Singh ◽  
Manoj B. Jais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Qpcr Method ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Background and Objectives: The entire globe is undergoing an unprecedented challenge of COVID-19. Considering the need of rapid and accurate diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2, this study was planned to evaluate the cost effective extraction free RT-PCR technique in comparison to the standard VTM based RT-qPCR method. Materials and Methods: Paired swabs from nasopharynx and oropharynx were collected for SARS-CoV-2 testing, from 211 adult patients (≥18 years) in VTM and plain sterile tubes (dry swabs). These samples were processed and RT-qPCR was carried out as per standard protocols. Results: 54.5% of the patients were females and 45.5% were males with sex ratio 1:1.19 (M: F). 38.86% were symptomatic, of which fever (86.59%), cough (79.23%) and breathlessness (46.34%) were the most common symptoms. The positivity by VTM based method and index method was 31.27% and 13.27% respectively. Of the 27 inconclusive results from index method, 37.04% were positive, 48.15% were negative by VTM based method. However, in 40 inconclusive results by VTM based method, 90% were negative and rest remained inconclusive by index method. The sensitivity and specificity of the index method were 39.39% and 85.71% respectively. The overall agreement between VTM based method and index method was 49.59% with estimated Kappa value of 0.19. Conclusion: VTM based method showed higher sensitivity compared to the index method. The higher positivity by VTM based method, suggests that VTM based method could plausibly be a better detection method of SARS-CoV-2. Still, the index method might add value in a resource limited setups for detection of SARS-CoV-2.  

Method of Fuels and Lubricants Performance Properties Requirements Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 624 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Pimenov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Ulit’ko ◽  
V. A. Sereda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Requirements Management ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Expression ◽  
Laboratory Bench ◽  
Motor Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost

The cost-effective method of fuels and lubricants performance properties requirements management is proposed. Method ensures effectiveness enhancement of equipment and of fuels and lubricants life cycles; it includes requirements establishment (constructing of conceptual and empirical models of requirements), their quantitative expression through highly informative indicators of fuels and lubricants propensity for transformations, then approbation with the use of laboratory, bench and test stands tests, specification, assessment of realization in real world equipment operational conditions, effectiveness evaluation and modification of requirements. Some illustrations of application of the new method phases with regards to motor fuels and hydraulic fluid are provided.

scholarly journals Fluorescent aminal linked porous organic polymer for reversible iodine capture and sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A. Sabri ◽  
Mohammad H. Al-Sayah ◽  
Susan Sen ◽  
Taleb H. Ibrahim ◽  
Oussama M. El-Kadri
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Iodine Vapor ◽  
Polycondensation Reaction ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Porous Organic Polymer ◽  
Iodine Adsorption ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A novel triazene-anthracene-based fluorescent aminal linked porous organic polymer (TALPOP) was prepared via metal free-Schiff base polycondensation reaction of 9,10-bis-(4,6-diamino-S-triazin-2-yl)anthracene and 2-furaldehyde. The polymer has exceptional chemical and thermal stabilities and exhibit good porosity with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 401 m2g−1. The combination of such porosity along with the highly conjugated heteroatom-rich framework enabled the polymer to exhibit exceptional iodine vapor uptake of up to 314 wt % and reversible iodine adsorption in solution. Because of the inclusion of the anthracene moieties, the TALPOP exhibited excellent detection sensitivity towards iodine via florescence quenching with Ksv value of 2.9 × 103 L mol−1. The cost effective TALPOP along with its high uptake and sensing of iodine, make it an ideal material for environmental remediation.

The Engineering Technology Index Analysis of the Low-Carbon Building

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1985-1990
Author(s):  
Bao Ku Qi ◽  
Jing Ming Zhao ◽  
Yu Qu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Cost And Benefit ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Analysis Mode ◽  
Carbon Economy

Low-carbon building is the new building types under the background of low-carbon economy. Compared with traditional architectural form, the cost and benefit of the low-carbon building have changed a lot; therefore, it is necessary to analyze the low-carbon building from the perspective of cost and benefit. This paper structured an analysis mode through the cost-effective method, and also provided a new analysis idea and approach to value the low-carbon building, so it has an important referential value for the promotion and construction of low-carbon building in the whole society.

scholarly journals Using DSLR to 'Scan' Colour Slides: learning from the Digitising Jemdet Nasr 1988–1989 Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Palmero Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Photographic Film ◽  
Film Scanner ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
High Dynamic ◽  
University Department ◽  
The Cost

This article presents a cost-effective method for digitising photographic film for archival purposes using a DSLR camera, focussing on the widely used colour reversal Kodachrome film produced by Eastman Kodak between 1935 and 2009. I discuss the digitisation of an archive of 787 Kodachrome slides taken between 1988 and 1989 during the excavation of Jemdet Nasr, an archaeological site located in southern Iraq (Project website). I compare results obtained using a film scanner (Nikon Coolscan IV ED) with two different scanning software solutions (SilverFast and VueScan), a flatbed scanner (HP Scanjet 8300), and two DSLR cameras with macro lens (a Canon EOS KissX3 with 105mm lens and a Canon EOS 80D with 90mm lens). The results demonstrate the cost-effective value of the DSLR method for archives where time and resources are limited, but where digital photography equipment might be readily available, such as an archaeological unit or a university department. The method allows for high quality, fast and economical digitisation of excavation and collection archives that will enhance research. The method also offers superior results in rendering the high dynamic range of photographic film such as Kodachrome.

scholarly journals Understanding the Cost-Effectiveness of Hearing Aids and Surgery for the Treatment of Otosclerosis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Gillard ◽  
Jeffrey D. Sharon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stapes Surgery ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Complications Of Surgery ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Purpose of Review To summarize and critically review recent literature on the relative cost-effectiveness of hearing augmentation versus stapes surgery for the treatment of otosclerosis. Recent Findings Otosclerosis leads to reduced patient quality of life, which can be ameliorated by either stapes surgery, or hearing aid usage. The success of stapes surgery is high, and the risks of serious postoperative complications are low. Hearing aids don’t have the complications of surgery but are associated with long-term costs. Cost-effectiveness models have shown that stapes surgery is a cost-effective method for treating otosclerosis. Summary Both stapes surgery and hearing aids can improve patient-reported quality of life in otosclerosis. Stapes surgery has larger upfront costs and surgical risks, but hearing aids are associated with longer lifetime costs. Stapes surgery is cost-effective for the treatment of otosclerosis.

Asphalt-Rubber Overlay on Rubblized Concrete Pavement on I-135

1996 ◽  
Vol 1543 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn A. Fager
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Cement Concrete Pavement ◽  
Control Section ◽  
The Cost

During 1993 and 1994, the Kansas Department of Transportation constructed a 15.25-km full-depth asphalt-rubber project on I-135. Three test sections were finished in 1994 along with one control section in 1995. The test sections consisted of both a thick and thin asphalt-rubber section over rubblized portland cement concrete pavement (PCCP) and a completely reconstructed asphalt-rubber section. The control section was built over rubblized PCCP to the same thickness as the thick asphalt-rubber section. Approximately 172 000 metric tons of asphalt-rubber were produced using the wet (reacted) process. Data indicated that the asphalt-rubber mix cost approximately 50 percent more than the asphalt-only mix. Reducing the thickness of the asphalt-rubber from 225 mm to 180 mm would allow the cost to become equal to the asphalt-only control section. Equal performance of the reduced thickness section or longer performance from the 225-mm asphalt-rubber section would be a cost-effective method of using tire rubber in asphalt pavements. Test data indicate a stable mix and adequate thermal characteristics but high permeabilities. Performance after 6 winter months under traffic indicates no raveling, rutting, flushing, cracking, or moisture damage.

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