scholarly journals Serological Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Patients with Acute Leukemia and Lymphoma through Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh TABATABAIE ◽  
Taher ELMI ◽  
Majid KHANMOHAMMADI ◽  
Lame AKHLAGHI ◽  
Mahmoud MAHAMI-OSKOUEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that belongs to the family Coccidae. We aimed to evaluate IgG avidity and the changes of anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulins M (IgM) and G (IgG) in patients with acute leukemia and lymphoma. Methods: Ninety eight patients with Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma, selected from patients referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz (38°04′N 46°18′E), in terms of the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgM, IgG, IgG avidity antibodies and the major risk factors were evaluated. Results: The results of pre-chemotherapy evaluation showed that of the examined patients, only two cases, one patient with ALL and another patient with lymphoma, had a positive IgM titer. Overall, 46 cases had positive IgG titers, including 20 patients with AML, 15 patients with ALL and 11 patients with lymphoma. Three (3.06%) patients were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM and one of them was with new infection of toxoplasmosis in lymphoma patients. The post-chemotherapy IgG titer evaluation showed 46 [46.9% (95% CI 37.4–56.7)] positive IgG cases that this result was similar to the result of pre-treatment phase. One [1% (95% CI 0.2–5.6)] positive IgG avidity case was detected using ELISA method, in a patient with lymphoma whose IgM was also positive. There was no significant difference between the type of leukemia and the history of contact with cat. Conclusion: Performing specialized tests to diagnose toxoplasma infection before starting treatment, in immunodeficiency patients who undergo chemotherapy, is necessary; therefore, these tests should be considered in therapeutic protocols.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin Women Who Have Aborted in Comparison with the Women with Normal Delivery in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Saki ◽  
N. Mohammadpour ◽  
F. Moramezi ◽  
S. Khademvatan
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southwest Of Iran ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Toxoplasma gondiiis an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite causing toxoplasmosis in animals and humans. Primary maternal infection with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is frequently associated with transplacental transmission to the fetus. However it is not certain whetherToxoplasmainfection can cause recurrent abortion. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship betweenToxoplasmainfection and abortion via detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies in sera of women with obstetrical problems and compare the results with control group consisting of women with history of normal delivery. Sera from 130 women with abortion and sera of 130 women with normal delivery were tested for IgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies by ELISA method. The present study revealed 24.6% of the samples with abortion and 21.5% of the samples with normal delivery were positive for IgG antibodies. However, statistical analysis indicated no significant differences(P>0.05). In addition, IgM antibody was detected in one woman who had aborted but not in women with normal childbirth. This study showed no significant difference between the case and control groups in IgG anti-Toxoplasmaantibody but detected one sample with IgM antibodies in woman with abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy. In order to determine the relationship betweenToxoplasmainfection and abortion, anti-ToxoplasmaIgG avidity and PCR to discriminate between recent and prior infections are recommended.

scholarly journals TOXOPLASMOSIS AND CONGENITAL DISTURBANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jasim QASIM ◽  
Mustafa Adnan NAMA
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
South Of Iraq ◽  
Automated Immunoassay ◽  
Immunosuppressive Diseases

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasites called Toxoplasma gondii. The animal and human could suffer from infections through different routes involving diets, non-hygienic habit, contacts to soil, as well as blood transfusions and organs grafting. Some people with immune-compromised status are at a high risk of infection; examples of these groups are pregnant women, fetuses, and newborns. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Toxoplasma infection in the manifestation of abortions and other congenital disturbances among married women aged 18 to 45 years in Maysan city (in the south of Iraq). Inclusion criteria include the study group with a history of infection with Toxoplasma gondii (100 females) and for controls, those who were free from toxoplasmosis (100 females). Exclusion criteria were pregnant women, unmarried women, and those suffering from immunosuppressive diseases. The serum samples were tested for IgG and IgM against Toxoplasma gondii antigens by using the Biomerieux Mini VIDAS automated immunoassay system, which depended on the principle of Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) technology. The study revealed that infected non-aborted women were 14 (14%), while non-infected non-aborted women were 24 (24%). Infected women with one case of abortion were sixty (60.0%), while non-infected women with one case of abortion were 40 (40.0%). The infected women who had two abortion cases and those infected ones who had more than two cases of abortions were 26 (26%) and 14 (14%), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between infected and uninfected women regarding abortion (p 0.01). It has been found that there were highly significant differences between infected and non-infected women concerning anomalies and deliveries by cesarean sections (p-value = 0.001). There was a statically significant difference (p-value =0.01) between infected and non-infected women concerning their deliveries with or without premature babies.

Abstract 17207: Cardiovascular Risks in Acute Leukemia Patients Treated With Anthracyclines

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Kang ◽  
Srinivas Denduluri ◽  
Bruna M Assuncao ◽  
Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Symptomatic Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The incidence of acute leukemia has been increasing by about 1.6% per year in the last decade. Anthracyclines remain a standard of care for patients with acute leukemia; survival is increasing at about 1.0% per year. However, little is known about the incidence and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute leukemia. Hypothesis: To investigate the incidence of MACE and the risk factors for MACE in patients with acute leukemia treated with anthracyclines. Methods: All adult patients with acute leukemia treated with anthracyclines between January 2005 and April 2018 at the hospital of University of Pennsylvania were studied. MACE were defined as cardiovascular death, symptomatic heart failure, non-fatal acute coronary syndrome, non-fatal ventricular arrhythmia and non-fatal ischemic stroke. Differences between patients with or without MACE were compared by Student’s t test or the Wilcoxon rank comparison. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to determine significant clinical and echocardiographic parameters associated with MACE. Results: Six hundred and seventy-four patients (234 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 440 acute myeloid leukemia (AML), age range: 22 to 93 years) were studied. Seventy-one patients (10.5%) experienced MACEs during a median follow-up period of 16 months (4 to 146 months) after the initiation of chemotherapy. The median time to MACE was 13 months (5 to 107 months). In the patients with MACE,59 (8.8%) developed symptomatic heart failure, 7 (1.0%) died of cardiovascular causes, 3 (0.4%) experienced non-fatal acute myocardial syndrome and 2 (0.3%) had an ischemic stroke. The Table summarizes the characteristics of patients with and without MACE. In a multivariable analysis, a previous history of heart failure (HR: 4.632, P=0.000, 95% CI: 2.572-8.341), leukemia type (HR: 3.155, P=0.002, 95% CI: 1.544-6.446) and baseline LVEF (HR: 0.973, P=0.000, 95% CI: 0.955-0.991) remained associated with MACE. Conclusion: Patients with acute leukemia treated with anthracyclines have a high rate of MACE after chemotherapy. A previous history of heart failure, baseline LVEF and type of leukemia may help to stratify acute leukemia patients at highest risk for MACEs after anthracycline therapy.

Progress in migraine: treatment with dihydroergotamine-retard

Cephalalgia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 168-170
Author(s):  
Filippo Mastrosimone ◽  
Carmine Iaccarino
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Migraine Treatment ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Drug Effectiveness ◽  
Analgesic Consumption ◽  
Total Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Observation Period

A group of 40 patients suffering from migraine underwent dihydroergotamine-retard therapy for a period of five months after a 30-day pre-treatment period. They had previously been treated with other medications but results were not relevant. Drug effectiveness was evaluated by means of Pain Total Index, number of attacks, analgesic consumption and number of awakenings with headache. The results show a significant difference between the observation period and the treatment phase, with relevant therapeutic success. Only moderate side-effects were observed. La dihydroergotamine à libération programmée a été administrée pendant cinq mois à quarante patients souffrants de céphalée qui avaient déjà été traités avec d'autres médicaments sans obtenir un résultat appréciable. Le commencement de la thérapie était précédé par une période d'observation de trente jours. L'éfficacité du traitement a été évaluée au moyen du Pain Total Index, de la fréquence des crises, de la consommation des analgésiques et du nombre de réveils avec la céphalée. Les résultats indiquent des différences significatives du point de vue de la statistique par rapport à la période d'observation. La thérapie a permis des succès thérapeutiques remarquables, vue aussi la mancance d'effets collatéraux qui auraient conseiller la suspension du traitement ou bien la réduction de la posologie. A quaranta pazienti affetti da cefalea emicranica e già trattati con scarsi risultati con altri farmaci, è stata somministrata diidroergotamina a cessione programmata per cinque mesi. Un periodo di osservazione di trenta giorni precedeva l'inizio della terapia. L'efficacia del trattamento è stata valutata per mezzo del Pain Total Index, della frequenza delle crisi, del consumo degli analgesici e del numero di risvegli con cefalea. I risultati mostrano differenze statisticamente significative rispetto al periodo di osservazione. La terapia ha permesso rilevanti successi terapeutici, in assenza di effetti collaterali tali da indurre la sospensione del trattamento o la riduzione della posologia.

Study on the Phenotype Polymorphism of CYP3A4 Gene in Chinese Children with Acute Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4376-4376
Author(s):  
Xiao-jun Yuan ◽  
Long-Jun Gu ◽  
Hui-jun Zhao ◽  
Jin-cai Zhao ◽  
Jing-Yan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cyp3a4 Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
Cyp3a4 Gene ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract In order to offer objective refering paramete for individualized chemotherapy, to clarify the distribution feature of CYP3A4 activity in Chinese children with acute leukemia and in healthy children, to explore the possible correlation between the activity of CYP3A4 gene and the predisposition or chemotherapy effect in acute leukemia children. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detecte the activity of CYP3A4 in 85 healthy children and 120 acute leukemia children, then analyzed the difference of phenotypebetween two groups. The activity coverage of CYP3A4 was 2.34~48.88 in healthy children and the average activity was 9.76±6.99. Among them, CYP3A4 activity was 11.88±8.88 in male group and 7.12±3.37 in female group, the former was obviously higher than the latter (P=0.0077). In less than 12-years group, CYP3A4 activity was 8.97±6.27, while it was 10.43±7.74 in more than 12-years group, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). The change scope of CYP3A4 activity was very large in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, from 2.00 to 585.72, the average activity was 53.52, with no dfference in sex and age. According to the clinical risk degree, the activity of CYP3A4 was 4.87±2.93 in standard-risk group, it was 31.63±19.20 in middle-risk group, the latter was significantly higher thanthe former (P=0.0004). Comparison based on WBC count at the beginning of preliminary diagnosis, the CYP3A4 activity was the lowest in WBC count less than 50 x 109/L group, it was second in the group of WBC count between 50 x 109/L to 100 x 109/L, and the activity was the highest in WBC count more than 100 x 109/L group. The mean activity of CYP3A4 in childern with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with P170 less than 5% was 17.56±13.44, while it was 87.62±49.28 in those children with P170 more than 5%Ä, there was statistic difference between the two group(P=0.022). The activity in those preliminary diagnosed children with BCR-ABL(+) or Ph (+) or t (4,11) abnormal karyotype (105.86±44.41) was higher than those with normal karyotype patients (47.61±22.63), P=0.0219. Comparison the activity of CYP3A4 between those chlidren with clinical presentation as prednisone good response (PGR) and those with prednisone poor response, the activity in former group (27.23±13.58) was obviously lower than that of latter group (114.12±48.39), P=0.0358. The average CYP3A4 activity in children with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) was 13.97±10.84. Of them, it was 15.09±7.52 in AML children with diploid chromosome and only 2.95±1.39 in hypodiploidy group, obviously, the activity of former group higher than that of latter group (P=0.0132). The CYP3A4 activity was respectively 19.78±11.59 and 2.86±1.16 in normal LDH group and in increased LDH group, there was significant difference (P=0.0036). The AML children with exo-marrow infiltration when diagnosis, their CYP3A4 activity (6.50±3.05) was lower than those children with pure marrow infiltration (19.06±11.15), P=0.044. There may be no race difference between the CYP3A4 activity of Chinese healthy children and White people. Increased CYP3A4 activity has closed correlation with ALL risk factors. The general CYP3A4 activity in AML children group was lower than that of ALL chlidren group. Much higher or much lower CYP3A4 activity may produce adverse influence to individuals.

Varicella Vaccine (VarilRix) in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4436-4436
Author(s):  
Teresa Jackowska Ass ◽  
Robert Wasilewski ◽  
Elzbieta Górska ◽  
Maria Wasik ◽  
Teresa Loch
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: To assess the effectiveness of vaccination against varicella in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: 105 children without a history of varicella, were qualified for immunization against varicella with VARILRIX (Oka-strain varicella vaccine). 48 children had ALL and 57 were healthy. 25 of the children with ALL were receiving maintenance therapy, 23 children were after chemotherapy. Results: White blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, and sub-populations of T- and B-lymphocytes were compared in the healthy and leukemic children before and after vaccination. The ALL children had significantly lower counts of WBC and lymphocytes before vaccination. After vaccination there were no significant differences in the counts of WBC in the healthy and leukemic children. However the ALL children had significantly lower mean counts of lymphocytes. Before vaccination the leukemic children showed a significantly lowered percentage of T-lymphocytes with decreased CD4+ and increased CD8+, what resulted in a lowered CD4 to CD8 ratio. After vaccination, only increased numbers of T CD8+ lymphocytes and a lowered CD4 to CD8 ratio were present while there was no significant difference in CD4. In the healthy and leukemic children alike there was no statistically significant difference between B-lymphocytes (CD 19+) and NK cells. In 10 children (20%), out of the 48 ALL vaccines, varicelliform rash occurred ~1 month after immunization. No adverse effects we observed in healthy children. Seroconversion to varicella-zoster virus was higher in healthy children and ALL children who had skin rash after vaccination. Two ALL children and three healthy ones had varicella one-two years after the vaccination. Those children received only single vaccine doses (double vaccine doses received children above 12 years). Conclusion: Varicella vaccine was safe and immunogenic in leukemic children during maintenance and after chemotherapy.

A New Method To Evaluate the Prognostic Value of Response to Prednisone Pre-Treatment in Adult (15–60 Yrs) Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of the GIMEMA LAL 2000 Study.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1829-1829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Meloni ◽  
Simona Iacobelli ◽  
Paola Fazi ◽  
Marco Vignetti ◽  
Francesco Di Raimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blast Count ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract The prognostic significance of the response to initial prednisone treatment in adult ALL has been recently emphasized. Prednisone response is usually defined on the basis of the peripheral leukemic blast count. The threshold value for the defintion as good or poor prednisone response is 1000 blasts/mmc on day 8 of prednisone pre-treatment. The drawback of this definition is the difficulty of classifying patients with less than 1000 blasts at diagnosis. In the LAL2000 GIMEMA study we therefore evaluated whether the blast reduction rate, which is not affected by the initial blast level, could be a factor with comparable prognostic value. The protocol design provided a 7-day (−6 to 0) pre-treatment phase with an escalating dose of prednisone up to 60 mg/sqm. On day 1 before starting the induction the response was assessed both according to the absolute blast count (< versus ≥ 1000/mmc) (criterion 1) and according to the blast reduction rate ≥ 75% (criterion 2) in the peripheral blood. The induction included high dose Daunorubicin; for patients in complete remission (CR) this was followed by consolidation with high dose ARA-C, chemo and radio prophylaxis of the central nervous system, and periodical reinduction over a three years maintenance period. Patients with adverse cytogenetic features [i.e. t(9;22), t(4;11), t(1;19)] who achieved a CR were treated according to the HAM protocol that included high dose ARA-C and Mitoxantrone followed by Imatinib for Ph+ ALL and by allogeneic or autologous hemopoietic stem cells transplantation for the others. Between September 2000 and December 2003 a total of 368 patients were evaluable for response to induction. The median age was 35 years (15–60) and median WBC count 15′109/L (0.3–872); 72 (20%) were T ALL and 121 (33%) had cytogenetic high risk features (104 (86%) Ph+, 4 (3%) t(4;11) and 13 (11%) t(1;19)). Eighty-seven percent of the patients were evaluable for response to steroid pre-treatment: ’responders’ were 75% according to criterion 1 (blast <1′109/L on day 0), and 80% according to criterion 2 (blast reduction rate ≤75% on day 0). The overall CR rate was 83%. The probability of response was significantly higher in prednisone responders with respect to non responders according to both criteria: 87% versus 63% (p<0.0001) according to criterion 1, 85% versus 68% (p=0.001) according to criterion 2. Also the post CR outcome was better in steroid responders, regardless of the definition. Using criterion 1, median disease-free survival (DFS) was 24 months in responders and 11 months in non responders; using criterion 2, median DFS was 23 months in responders and 12 months in non responders. Both criteria were significantly related to DFS in a multivariate analysis adjusted for cytogenetic risk and WBC count at diagnosis (>=/<50). In conclusion, our study confirms that the sensitivity to steroids is an independent prognostic factor for the outcome of adult ALL; moreover, we propose an alternative method of its evaluation with respect to the one currently used. This method has the advantage of allowing to classify all patients, regardless of the initial blasts level, and shows a comparable prognostic value.

The Retrospective Analysis of Pediatric Acute Leukemia Cases between 1980–2003: Hacettepe Experience.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4542-4542
Author(s):  
Sule Unal ◽  
Gonul Hicsonmez ◽  
Sevgi Yetgin ◽  
Aytemiz Gurgey ◽  
Fatma Gumruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Leukemia constitutes 25–30% of all pediatric malignancy cases. The epidemiologic and demographic characteristics of this group of patients are important not only for determination of the prognostic factors, but also the risk factors. In this study, 683 patients under 16 years of age who were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) between January 1980-July 2003 in Hacettepe University, Pediatric Hematolgy Division are analyzed retrospectively. Besides the epidemiologic characteristics including age, sex, geographic distiribution; the type of disease, clinical presentation, physical examination and laboratory findings on admission and the survival and prognosis relationships are also evaluated in order to determine the disease properties of our country. ALL patients have recieved St. Jude Total XI until 1997, and after 1997 they are treated by St. Jude Total XIII protocol. AML patients have been treated by AML 1995 and AML 1998 protocols. The study group includes 548 (80.2%) ALL and 135 (19.8%) AML cases. Two thirds of the all acute leukemia cases are males in both ALL and AML cases. The median age at diagnosis is 62 months for ALL and 108 months for AML patients. ALL is more common among 1–5 year old group; AML is more common among adolescent age group. The incidence of hematologic malignancies increases suddenly in 1997 and 1998 and then showes a decline later. The hematologic malignancy cases who have been admitted to our clinic is most commonly living in the northern and southeastern parts of Turkey. 50% of ALL and AML patients presents with the complaints of fever and pallor. Bone pain is significantly more common in ALL patients. Median time between onset of syptoms and diagnosis is 30 days for both ALL and AML patients. Lymphadenopathy is present in almost half of ALL and AML patients at diagnosis. Hepatomegaly (72.4% vs 50.4%) and splenomegaly (53.8% vs 36.3%) are more commonly observed in ALL then AML patients (p<0.001). The central nervous system (CNS) involvement is present in 5.8% of ALL and 5.9% of AML patients. There is no statisticaly significant difference between ALL and AML patients in terms of bone, mediastinial and CNS involvements. The most common cytogenetical abnormality in ALL patients is hypodiploidy. 25.4% of ALL and 43.7% of AML patients have relapsed subsequently. The most common type of relaps is seen in bone marrow in both ALL and AML cases, however CNS relaps is seen more commonly among ALL patients (31% vs 4%). Fatality rates of ALL and AML are 20.1% and 56.3%, respectively. The fatality rate of AML is significantly higher than ALL. The CNS involvement at diagnosis and sex have no influnce on the fatality rates; on the other hand the presence of relaps for ALL and AML groups and L3 subtype, being less then 1 year old at diagnosis for ALL cases have a negative effect on fatality rates. Also the fatality rates of ALL patients who have been diagnosed before 1997 and recieved St. Jude Total XI protocol has higher fatality rates then who have been diagnosed after 1997 and recieved St. Jude Total XIII (23.3% vs 14.1%). The collection of the cancer data throughout the country is crucial for the determination of the distribution and risk factors of our country. The best way of cancer data collection is development of cancer recording systems and analyzing these data for the determination of distribution and risk factors of patients with hematologic malignancies.

Coccidiosis in goats: Pathological observations on intestinal developmental stages and anticoccidial efficacy of amprolim

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhmeet Kaur ◽  
L.D. Singla ◽  
B. S Sandhu ◽  
M. S. Bal ◽  
P. Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
General Weakness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Coprological Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coccidial Infection ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Papillary Hyperplasia

In an outbreak of coccidiosis at a goat farm having 200 animals of different age groups (0-3 months, 4-6 months and 7-9 months), kept under stall fed conditions, mortality of 2 kids aged 2-3 months in a span of 2-3 days was seen. The kids were having a history of severe diarrhoea, anorexia and general weakness. Standard qualitative and quantitative coprological examination of randomly collected faecal samples from 60 goats of different age groups revealed that 58 (96.66%) were infected with coccidian oocysts. Among positive samples, 25(43.10%) were heavily infected (OPG=5000-1,23,000), 22(37.93%) had a moderate (OPG=1000-5000) and 11(18.96%) had a mild (OPG=100-1000) infection. Significant difference (P less than 0.05) observed in the mean OPG between the 3 age categories with highest infection in kids with the age group of less than or equal to 3 months,followed by 4-6 months and 7-9 months. Mixed infection of five Eimeria species, namely E. arloingi, E. ninakohlyakimovae, E. christenseni, E. hirci and E. alijevi was seen and E. arloingi was most predominant species among them. Systematic necropsies of naturally died kids of coccidial infection revealed small whitish non-pedunculated nodules in the small intestine. Histopathologically, these nodules revealed papillary hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelium with mild to moderate inflammatory reaction with the presence of developmental stages of Eimeria including trophozoites, schizonts, microgamonts, macrogamonts and oocysts in the epithelium of affected intestinal villi and crypts. The affected animals were successfully treated with amprolium @ dose rate of 2g/40kg body weight. Significant reduction in the oocysts count (P less than 0.01) 7 days post treatment 610.52±201.17 was seen compared to pre treatment values (10685.96±3128.22).

scholarly journals DIC and Its Association with Acute Leukemia in Pre-Treatment and Post Remission Induction Phase

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4665-4665
Author(s):  
Arshi Naz ◽  
Tasneem Farzana ◽  
Mehwish Taj ◽  
Tahir Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Hematological malignancy like acute leukemia (AL) is associated with thromboembolic complications.DIC is a worst complication amongst subtypes of AL especially in APML which can be life threatening. Study design: Descriptive & cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation; May 2011 to March 2012. Patients and methods: 110 (75 males, 45 females)diagnosed cases of acute leukemia [43 cases of AML (27 newly diagnosed, 16 in remission induction), 67 cases of ALL (38 newly diagnosed; 29 in remission induction)]were included & 40 ascontrols.Mean age of patients was 25.3±13.8.Platelet count,PT, APTT, Fibrinogen levels, D-Dimer &FDP was done for scoring of DIC on day 0 and 28. SPSS version 17 was used for data analysis. Results: Platelet counts significantly improved on day 28 in AML and ALL. PT and APTT levels were significantly deranged. Plasma levels of fibrinogen were higher in both types of acute leukemia in pre-treatment phase, further increased at day 28 (<0.01). FDP significantly raised at day 0 reduced at day 28(AML & ALL). Markedly elevated levels of D-dimer in AML and ALL at day 0,but showed significant reduction at day 28(<0.01). DIC score of <5 was found in 15 (55.56%) patients of AML and 16 (100%) of ALL on day 0 and >5 score was recorded in 12(44.44%) patients of AML on day 28. Conclusion: Strong association of DIC was found in AML and ALL at day 0. Non overt DIC did not show any significant association with specific type of acute leukemia and it was equally expressed in both type of acute leukemia at day 0 and 28. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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