scholarly journals Luria’s Syndrome for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation of Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Solovieva ◽  
L Quintanar
Keyword(s):  
Science Studies ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Injury Rehabilitation ◽  
Functional Diagnosis ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
Rehabilitation Concepts ◽  
Syndrome Analysis

Neuropsychology, as a science, studies possible relations between psychological processes and brain in cases of normality and diverse pathologies. Such kind of relations might be established and understood by different manners. A.R. Luria proposed unique and particular way of approach by brain units. Such conceptionis not completely understood and even less used in practice of diagnosis and rehabilitation today. Neuropsychologists provide assessments of isolated functions by help of psychometric procedures. The judgment of diagnosis refers to such terms as “attention or memory disorders”, dyslexia and so on. All these terms are really far away from the conception of systemic and dynamic representation of human actions infunctional brain systems. Same or worse is the situation with rehabilitation directed to isolated operations as conductive exercises for isolated functions. The objective of our report is to share opinion of application of Luria’s methodology of syndrome analysis. Procedures of systemic functional diagnosis must conduct to systemic procedures in rehabilitation. An example of qualitative assessment of adolescent patient withbrain injury is presented. Goals, stages and examples of formation of actions in rehabilitation with results are provided. Psychological conceptions of stage by stage formation and orientation base of action and its usage for rehabilitation is taken into account. We conclude that systemic and dynamic approach in neuropsychology might be conducted in reality of assessment and rehabilitation. We discuss the necessity of establishment of bridges between psychological theory of actions instead of functions and systemic representation of actions by functional brain systems. Keywords: neuropsychological rehabilitation, concepts of neuropsychology, functional diagnosis, qualitative neuropsychology, brain injury rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The Economic Dynamics and the Calculus of Variations in the Interwar Period

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pomini Mario
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
International Level ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
Rational Mechanics

AbstractAnalogies with rational mechanics played a pivotal role in the search for formal models in economics. In the period between the two world wars, a small group of mathematical economists tried to extend this view from statics to dynamics. The main result was the extensive application of calculus of variations to obtain a dynamic representation of e-conomic variables. This approach began with the contributions put forward by Griffith C.Evans, a mathematician who in the first phase of his scientific career published wi-dely in economics. Evans' research was further developed by his student, Charles Roos. At the international level, this dynamic approach found its main followers in Italy, within the Paretian tradition. During the 1930s, Luigi Amoroso, the leading exponent of the Paretian School, made major contributions along with his student, Giulio La Volpe that anticipated the concept of temporary equilibrium. The analysis of the application of the calculus of variations to economic dynamics in the interwar period raises a set of questions on the application of mathematics designed to study mechanics and physics to economics

scholarly journals ECONOMIC DYNAMICS AND THE CALCULUS OF VARIATIONS IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Pomini
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
International Level ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
Rational Mechanics

Analogies with rational mechanics played a pivotal role in the search for formal models in economics. In the period between the two world wars, a small group of mathematical economists tried to extend this view from statics to dynamics. The main result was the extensive application of calculus of variations to obtain a dynamic representation of economic variables. This approach began with the contributions put forward by Griffith C. Evans, a mathematician who, in the first phase of his scientific career, published widely in economics. Evans’s research was further developed by his student Charles Roos. At the international level, this dynamic approach found its main followers in Italy, within the Paretian tradition. During the 1930s, Luigi Amoroso, the leading exponent of the Paretian School, made major contributions, along with his student Giulio La Volpe, that anticipated the concept of temporary equilibrium. The analysis of the application of the calculus of variations to economic dynamics in the interwar period raises a set of questions on the application of mathematics designed to study mechanics and physics to economics.

scholarly journals Dynamic Representation of Barriers for Adopting Building Information Modelling in Malaysian Tertiary Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Belayutham ◽  
Nadia Safura Zabidin ◽  
Che Khairil Izam Che Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Dynamic Representation ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Holistic Representation

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is deemed to shape the future of the construction sector across the world. At present, the lack of BIM in tertiary education has been the rising concern around the world as the demand for BIM talent increases. The current landscape suggests that few pedagogic researches have been undertaken to advance BIM education, particularly in Malaysia. BIM implementation could only be possible by identifying the potential barriers, which is a basic pre-requisite for successful adoption of BIM. Unfortunately, previous studies on the barriers of BIM adoption have often based on theoretical constructs, which are deterministic in nature. The methodology used could not portray a conclusive correlation of causal relations among the variables, creating difficulty in developing holistic and workable solutions. Therefore, this study aims to develop a methodology that provides a dynamic representation of the barriers in implementing BIM in tertiary education. The methodology combines both the deterministic (feedback from questionnaire survey) and dynamic approach (causal loop diagram). Data was first collected and analysed through a questionnaire survey administered among lecturers from selected Malaysian universities. Following that, a dynamic systems approach (causal loop diagram) was used to demonstrate the complex nature and interrelationship of the barriers for a more holistic representation. Results from the deterministic analysis has suggested barriers that relate to technology, while findings from the dynamics has identified the people aspect as the core barrier for BIM adoption. This study has contributed in establishing a methodology that integrates the dynamic approach with the deterministic data towards providing a more holistic representation of a system that further enables the identification of holistic solutions that would address the core barriers inhibiting the implementation of BIM education, particularly at Malaysian Universities.

Increased Cognitive Load Reveals Unilateral Neglect and Altitudinal Extinction in Chronic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Andres ◽  
Laurie Geers ◽  
Sophie Marnette ◽  
Françoise Coyette ◽  
Mario Bonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Dual Task Condition ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm

AbstractObjective: Neuropsychological studies suggest that the ability to compensate for the presence of spatial neglect highly depends on the attentional resources a patient can rely on. The present research aimed to study neglect in situations where attentional resources are limited due to multitasking. Method: We examined two patients more than 3 years after a right-hemispheric stroke. Both had received neuropsychological rehabilitation for left neglect and did not show any impairment in standard tests. We used a dual-task paradigm combining a peripheral target detection task with a central shape recognition task. Peripheral targets could appear in left/right positions but also in lower/upper positions. Results: In patient #1, dual-task condition exacerbated left neglect and extinction. Patient #2 did not show any sign of neglect along the horizontal axis, but omitted half of the lower targets when they were presented simultaneously with upper targets under dual-task condition. This behavior reflects altitudinal extinction as the detection of single targets appearing either in upper or lower position was preserved. Conclusion: The present findings show that dual-tasking is a sensitive tool for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of spatial attention deficits, which are often overlooked by standard methods, especially in chronic stage. (JINS, 2019, 25, 644–653)

scholarly journals GERIAUSIO PAAIŠKINIMO IŠVEDIMO PSICHOLOGINIS ADEKVATUMAS IR ONTOLOGINIAI ĮSIPAREIGOJIMAI

Problemos ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Adolfas Mackonis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
External World ◽  
Ontological Commitments ◽  
Adequate Theory ◽  
Explanatory Virtues ◽  
Epistemic Theory ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Geriausio paaiškino išvedimas (GPI) dabartinėje analitinėje epistemologijoje ir mokslo filosofijoje yra plačiai tyrinėjama episteminė teorija, teigianti, kad hipotezės buvimas geriausiu paaiškinimu yra pakankama šios hipotezės teisingumo sąlyga. Straipsnyje teigiama, kad GPI analizuotina ne tik kaip episteminė, bet ir kaip psichologinė bei ontologinė teorija. Pirma, aptariami kognityviųjų mokslų tyrimai, kurie leidžia teigti, jog GPI teisingai aprašo žmonių samprotavimų praktiką: paaiškinimas suvokiamas kaip teisingumo požymis; teiginiai, kurie yra geresni paaiškinimai, priimami kaip labiau tikėtini; aiškinimo vertybės bei turimas žinojimas daro įtaką teiginių tikimybės vertinimui. Antra, straipsnyje aptariama, kokia turėtų būti pasaulio ontologija, kad GPI kaip episteminė teorija būtų teisinga. Realizmas apie išorinį pasaulį, gamtos vienodumas, turimo žinojimo teisingumas bei aiškinimo vertybių palankumas tiesai yra būtinos ir pakankamos sąlygos tam, kad GPI būtų teisinga.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: geriausio paaiškinimo išvedimas, abdukcija, psichologija, ontologija, aiškinimo vertybės.Psychological Adequacy and Ontological Commitments of Inference to the Best Explanation Adolfas Mackonis SummaryThe article explicates psychological and ontological aspects of Inference to the Best Explanation (IBE). IBE is a psychological theory, because cognitive science studies support IBE as descriptively true and psychologically adequate theory, i.e., people perceive best explanations as true and follow the rule of IBE in their reasoning. Moreover, different features of IBE imply that conclusions of IBE can be true only in a world with a very particular ontological constitution. Realism about the external world, the uniformity of nature, the truth of background knowledge and the truth-conduciveness of explanatory virtues are necessary and sufficient for IBE to be truth-conducive. Therefore, IBE is an epistemic theory only because at the same time it is committed to a particular ontology.Keywords: inference to the best explanation, abduction, psychology, ontology, explanatory virtues.

The time course of calcium deposition in shells of the barnacle (Balanus amphititre amphititre) during cyprid-juvenile metamorphosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Nancy R. Wallace ◽  
Craig C. Freudenrich ◽  
Karl Wilbur ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
Ann LeFurgey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of balanomorph barnacles during metamorphosis from the cyprid larval stage to the juvenile has been examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The free-swimming cyprid attaches to a substrate, rotates 90° in the vertical plane, molts, and assumes the adult shape. The resulting metamorph is clad in soft cuticle and has an adult-like appearance with a mantle cavity, thorax with cirri, and incipient shell plates. At some time during the development from cyprid to juvenile, the barnacle begins to mineralize its shell, but it is not known whether calcification occurs before, during, or after ecdysis. To examine this issue, electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) was used to detect calcium in cyprids and juveniles at various times during metamorphosis.Laboratory-raised, free-swimming cyprid larvae were allowed to settle on plastic coverslips in culture dishes of seawater. The cyprids were observed with a dissecting microscope, cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen-cooled liquid propane at various times (0-24 h) during metamorphosis, freeze dried, rotary carbon-coated, and examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). EPXMA dot maps were obtained in parallel for qualitative assessment of calcium and other elements in the carapace, wall, and opercular plates.

Application of electron holography to material science studies on magnetic domain states of small particles

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1028-1029
Author(s):  
T. Hirayama ◽  
Q. Ru ◽  
T. Tanji ◽  
A. Tonomura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Electron Holography ◽  
Transform Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thin Carbon

The observation of small magnetic materials is one of the most important applications of electron holography to material science, because interferometry by means of electron holography can directly visualize magnetic flux lines in a very small area. To observe magnetic structures by transmission electron microscopy it is important to control the magnetic field applied to the specimen in order to prevent it from changing its magnetic state. The easiest method is tuming off the objective lens current and focusing with the first intermediate lens. The other method is using a low magnetic-field lens, where the specimen is set above the lens gap.Figure 1 shows an interference micrograph of an isolated particle of barium ferrite on a thin carbon film observed from approximately [111]. A hologram of this particle was recorded by the transmission electron microscope, Hitachi HF-2000, equipped with an electron biprism. The phase distribution of the object electron wave was reconstructed digitally by the Fourier transform method and converted to the interference micrograph Fig 1.

Language in mental retardation: Individual and syndromic differences, and neurogenetic variation 1Based on a keynote presentation at the Third European Conference on Psychological Theory and Research in Mental Retardation, Geneva, September 1st, 2000.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean A. Rondal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Genetic Syndromes ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Keynote Presentation ◽  
Genetic Origins ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
The Individual

Predominantly non-etiological conceptions have dominated the field of mental retardation (MR) since the discovery of the genetic etiology of Down syndrome (DS) in the sixties. However, contemporary approaches are becoming more etiologically oriented. Important differences across MR syndromes of genetic origin are being documented, particularly in the cognition and language domains, differences not explicable in terms of psychometric level, motivation, or other dimensions. This paper highlights the major difficulties observed in the oral language development of individuals with genetic syndromes of mental retardation. The extent of inter- and within-syndrome variability are evaluated. Possible brain underpinnings of the behavioural differences are envisaged. Cases of atypically favourable language development in MR individuals are also summarized and explanatory variables discussed. It is suggested that differences in brain architectures, originating in neurological development and having genetic origins, may largely explain the syndromic as well as the individual within-syndrome variability documented. Lastly, the major implications of the above points for current debates about modularity and developmental connectionism are spelt out.

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