scholarly journals ASIAN EDUCATION FOR THE WORLD LABOR MARKET: A MALAYSIAN SURVEY OF MIGRATION PROPENSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 985-992
Author(s):  
Hairul Suhaimi Nahar ◽  
Erlane K Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Private University ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Average Group ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Critical Policy ◽  
Migration Propensity

The purpose of the study: This research explores issues related to human mobility trend reflecting an increasing outflow of intellectual talents by surveying the migration propensity of future professional labours in Malaysia using small samples from selected universities having different establishment orientation and student compositions. It also surveys factors of their migration intention decisions. Methodology: A quantitative approach utilizing a questionnaire survey distributed to final year students was adopted. A total of 193 usable responses are used in the analysis covering descriptive and mean differences across five identified dimensions of gender, race, academic performance, university type, and education financing. Main Findings: The results indicate that 51% of the respondents have the intention of leaving the country, the majority of whom are private university students, females, Malays, studies funded by education loans, and those from the average group of academic achievement. The low economic reward was ranked first as the main factor in influencing their migration decision. Surprisingly, the worldwide application of accounting-based knowledge plays little role in students’ decision of migrating abroad, signalling students' inability to appreciate the economic consequence of mastering such knowledge and skills. Implications: The research contributes to the public policy debate with respect to education and human mobility by providing a strong basis for a reality check on the sustainability of Malaysia’s future landscape of its professional labour market. It also feeds critical policy inputs for all stakeholders involved, particularly the employers, in providing future Malaysian professionals with a conducive, meaningful, and rewarding career to attract and retain them.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic and the Challenges of E-Assessment of Calculus Courses in Higher Education: A Case Study in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-281
Author(s):  
Fatima M Azmi ◽  
Heba Bakr Khoshaim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Private University ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exam Scores ◽  
Mean Differences

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of our lives, including education. Due to this unexpected catastrophe, education has shifted to virtual-learning and auto-grading models in most parts of the world. This study explores the validity and appropriateness of auto-grading-assessment for online exams by comparing students’ online exam scores where they are first auto-graded and then manually graded. Furthermore, it investigates whether the mean differences in their scores are statistically significant. The study included two calculus courses taught by the authors, during the spring semester 2019-2020 at a private university in Saudi Arabia. The online exam was performed on the WebAssign platform, which has built-in calculus questions. The sample consisted of fifty-five students who were registered on those calculus courses. The quantitative data was analysed using the SPSS statistical tool. A paired t-test at an alpha level of 0.05 was performed on differences in mean exam scores between auto-graded and manually-graded scores. The statistical analysis results revealed a statistically significant difference in students' mean scores. Our findings illustrate the importance of human intelligence, its role in assessing students' achievements and understanding of mathematical concepts, and the extent to which instructors can currently rely on auto-grading. A careful manual investigation of auto-graded exams revealed different types of mistakes committed by students. Those mistakes were characterized into two categories: non-mathematical mistakes (related to Platform Design) and minor mathematical mistakes, which might deserve partial credit. The study indicated a need to reform the auto-grading system and provided some suggestions to overcome its setbacks.

Migration and Climate Change: The Construction of a Nexus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sarah Louise Nash
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

This introductory chapter discusses the relationship between migration and climate change. The idea that people are being forced to move because of climate change, and that in the future even more people will be forced to do so, has captured imaginations globally. The majority of these representations of lives touched by climate change are expressions of outrage that the actions of a few will affect the lives of so many, that climate change will have consequences so grave that people will be forced to leave their homes. These contributions to the discourse, infused with sentiments of climate justice and undertones of a fear of people on the move, are the facets of the discourse most often visible to wider society. They have also led to impassioned calls for action to be taken at the global level, where these vibrant, raw and often emotional pleas are transformed into the dry, bureaucratic, technocratic world of international policy making. Set against this background, the aim of this book is to examine the distinct policy debate surrounding the climate change and human mobility nexus, in particular the construction of these two related concepts as a distinct phenomenon that requires policy responses.

Cryopreservation of both male and female gametes leads to reduced embryo development and implantation potential

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Amanda Souza Setti ◽  
Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga ◽  
Assumpto Iaconelli ◽  
Edson Borges
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Private University ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Cryopreserved Sperm ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Post Hoc

Summary The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of oocyte and sperm cryopreservation on donated eggs submitted to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Medical charts of 122 oocyte recipients undergoing 152 oocyte recipient ICSI cycles, from 2017 to 2018, in a private university-affiliated in vitro fertilization (IVF) centre, were reviewed in this historical cohort study. Cycles were divided into four groups according to the gamete status: the FO/FS Group, recipients in which fresh oocytes were injected with fresh sperm (n = 19); the FO/CrS Group, recipients in which fresh oocytes were injected with cryopreserved sperm (n = 14); the CrO/FS Group, recipients in which cryopreserved oocytes were injected with fresh sperm (n = 85); and the CrO/CrS Group, recipients in which cryopreserved oocytes were injected with cryopreserved sperm (n = 34). Generalized mixed models fit by restricted maximum likelihood, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test for the comparison of means amongst groups were used to investigate the effect of cryopreservation on recipient ICSI outcomes. The results were expressed as mean differences with 95% confidence intervals and P-values. The main outcome measure was the implantation rate. Normal day 3 cleavage speed, blastocyst development and implantation rates were significantly lower in the CrO/CrS Group compared with the FO/FS Group. In conclusion, embryo developmental competence and implantation potential were reduced when vitrified oocytes were injected with frozen sperm in an egg-sharing donation programme.

Cultures of Migration and Conflict in Contemporary Human Mobility in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Jeffrey H. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Turkish Culture ◽  
Continuous Population ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
The One ◽  
Migration Propensity

We approach Turkish mobility using a culture of migration perspective with reference to conflict. Conflicts are defined broadly into an array of situations including minor disputes, tensions or latent conflicts on the one hand and major violent events on the other. These situations, defined along a security continuum shape individual perceptions. Increasing perceptions of human insecurity are positively correlated to a rise in migration propensity. Applied to Turkey’s international migration history we note that major conflicts have determined inflows and outflows of populations and created a Turkish culture of migration, which reinforces continuous population flows between countries of destination and origin. Migration flows between Germany and Turkey are exemplary in this regard.

The Effect of Computer-Administered Testing on Test Anxiety and Performance

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Llabre ◽  
Nancy E. Clements ◽  
Katharine B. Fitzhugh ◽  
Gary Lancelotta ◽  
Roy D. Mazzagatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Developmental Reading ◽  
Private University ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Mental Maturity ◽  
Pencil And Paper ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mean Differences

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a computer-administered test on test anxiety and performance. The sample comprised twenty-six male and fourteen female college students enrolled in a developmental reading course at a private university. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a computerized or to a pencil-and-paper testing situation. Both groups were administered a revised version of the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS-R) and a sample of items from the California Short-Form Test of Mental Maturity (CMM). Mean differences between groups on the TAS-R and the CMM were tested for significance using t-tests. The results indicated significant differences in anxiety level, t(38) = −1.87, p < .05, and test performance, t(38) = 2.68, p < .01. It was concluded that computer-administered testing can potentially increase test anxiety and depress test performance for examinees who are relatively unfamiliar with computers.

Negotiating Migration in the Context of Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Louise Nash
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Future ◽  
Do So

Assessing migration in the context of climate change, this book draws on empirical research to offer a unique analysis of policy-making in the field. This detailed account is a vital step in understanding the links between global discourses on human mobilities, climate change and specific policy responses. The idea that people are being forced to move because of climate change, and that in the future even more people will be forced to do so, has captured imaginations globally. The majority of these representations of lives touched by climate change are expressions of outrage that the actions of a few will affect the lives of so many, that climate change will have consequences so grave that people will be forced to leave their homes. The aim of this book is to examine the distinct policy debate surrounding the climate change and human mobility nexus, in particular the construction of these two related concepts as a distinct phenomenon that requires policy responses.

Applying the Anderson-Darling Test to Suicide Clusters

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Process ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Massachusetts Institute Of Technology ◽  
Homogeneous Poisson Process ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Suicide Clusters ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Anderson Darling

Background: Suicide clusters at Cornell University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) prompted popular and expert speculation of suicide contagion. However, some clustering is to be expected in any random process. Aim: This work tested whether suicide clusters at these two universities differed significantly from those expected under a homogeneous Poisson process, in which suicides occur randomly and independently of one another. Method: Suicide dates were collected for MIT and Cornell for 1990–2012. The Anderson-Darling statistic was used to test the goodness-of-fit of the intervals between suicides to distribution expected under the Poisson process. Results: Suicides at MIT were consistent with the homogeneous Poisson process, while those at Cornell showed clustering inconsistent with such a process (p = .05). Conclusions: The Anderson-Darling test provides a statistically powerful means to identify suicide clustering in small samples. Practitioners can use this method to test for clustering in relevant communities. The difference in clustering behavior between the two institutions suggests that more institutions should be studied to determine the prevalence of suicide clustering in universities and its causes.

The German Version of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide Glaesmer ◽  
Gesine Grande ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Marcus Roth
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Factorial Invariance ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Life Scale

The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) is the most commonly used measure for life satisfaction. Although there are numerous studies confirming factorial validity, most studies on dimensionality are based on small samples. A controversial debate continues on the factorial invariance across different subgroups. The present study aimed to test psychometric properties, factorial structure, factorial invariance across age and gender, and to deliver population-based norms for the German general population from a large cross-sectional sample of 2519 subjects. Confirmatory factor analyses supported that the scale is one-factorial, even though indications of inhomogeneity of the scale have been detected. Both findings show invariance across the seven age groups and both genders. As indicators of the convergent validity, a positive correlation with social support and negative correlation with depressiveness was shown. Population-based norms are provided to support the application in the context of individual diagnostics.

Assessing Person Fit With the Information Matrix Test

Methodology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Ranger ◽  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Information Matrix ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Type I ◽  
Person Fit ◽  
Power Of The Test ◽  
Order Expansion ◽  
Trait Stability ◽  
Information Matrix Test

In this manuscript, a new approach to the analysis of person fit is presented that is based on the information matrix test of White (1982) . This test can be interpreted as a test of trait stability during the measurement situation. The test follows approximately a χ2-distribution. In small samples, the approximation can be improved by a higher-order expansion. The performance of the test is explored in a simulation study. This simulation study suggests that the test adheres to the nominal Type-I error rate well, although it tends to be conservative in very short scales. The power of the test is compared to the power of four alternative tests of person fit. This comparison corroborates that the power of the information matrix test is similar to the power of the alternative tests. Advantages and areas of application of the information matrix test are discussed.

Analyzing Observed Composite Differences Across Groups

Methodology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Monte Carlo Study ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Latent Mean Differences ◽  
Partial Invariance ◽  
Mean Differences

Although the use of structural equation modeling has increased during the last decades, the typical procedure to investigate mean differences across groups is still to create an observed composite score from several indicators and to compare the composite’s mean across the groups. Whereas the structural equation modeling literature has emphasized that a comparison of latent means presupposes equal factor loadings and indicator intercepts for most of the indicators (i.e., partial invariance), it is still unknown if partial invariance is sufficient when relying on observed composites. This Monte-Carlo study investigated whether one or two unequal factor loadings and indicator intercepts in a composite can lead to wrong conclusions regarding latent mean differences. Results show that unequal indicator intercepts substantially affect the composite mean difference and the probability of a significant composite difference. In contrast, unequal factor loadings demonstrate only small effects. It is concluded that analyses of composite differences are only warranted in conditions of full measurement invariance, and the author recommends the analyses of latent mean differences with structural equation modeling instead.

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