scholarly journals FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND SIZE DETERMINANTS: GROWTH TREND AND SIMILARITY ANALYSIS OF INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-560
Author(s):  
Anis Ali
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Index Numbers ◽  
Financial Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Movement Sensitivity

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the present study is to find out the growth trend, Similarity in financial performance, and co-movement, sensitivity, or governance of firms' size determinants on the profitability of Indian pharmaceutical companies. Methodology: The analysis is based on ratio analysis, while Chain based index numbers are calculated to get the trend of financial performance and size determinants. Statistical tools, ANOVA, and coefficient of variations (CV) used to get the Similarity of profitability and Liquidity while Chain based index numbers are the base to calculate the movements of variables and Similarity. Main Findings: The trend of profit measures growth governs the growth trend of the size measurements of the Indian pharmaceutical companies. The pharmaceuticals companies are utilizing their funds equally and total resources in the pharmaceuticals companies govern the operational profitability (EBIT), short term, and long term liquidity while it does not affect the short-term movement symmetry of the profitability and size determinants. There is no significant difference in short term movement or sensitivity of profitability and firms' size determinants of Indian pharmaceutical companies. Applications of this study: The finding of the study implies that the funds invested in total resources enhance the profits while equal utilization of resources by selected pharmaceutical companies. So, this study recommends enhancing the investment in total resources to get increased amounts of profits. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is one of the few studies that measure the trend of Similarity and sensitivity of financial performance and size determinants of Indian pharmaceutical companies. In this process, it performs the trend, movement sensitivity, and financial performance similarity analysis using the index numbers of financial variables of Indian pharmaceutical companies.

Evaluating the Financial Performance Through ‘Consumer Centric Decision’ Approach in Pharmaceutical Companies of Bangladesh: a Business Planning Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Mahmud Uz Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Public ◽  
Investment Choice ◽  
Good Investment ◽  
Business Analysis

Pharmaceuticals agglomerations consistently use their brand image and versatile product portfolios to consolidate their position in the financial sector, which is evident in their continuous profit making and expansion in market share. This paper explores the short-term and long-term investment attractiveness through ‘consumer centric decision’ approach in two selected pharmaceutical companies, Renata Limited and Orion Pharma Limited, of Bangladesh over the last three years’ period. This research adopts a systematic approach which primarily addresses the various concerns of investors to illustrate the decision-making process of the existing and future investors. Using primarily domestic transaction data, this study explores how the leading pharmaceuticals companies of Bangladesh effectively use the wide array of drug portfolios mix with appropriate branding techniques to increase their financial profit and market share simultaneously. Both SWOT analysis and Porters Five Forces Model explore the business analysis of Renata Limited in compare to Orion Pharma Limited that provides a conclusion regarding investors’ decision to invest in Renata Limited. Considering the financial analysis, Renata’s financial liquidity is not very satisfactory and could have been improved further if management is prudent on financial strategy settings. Findings of the business analysis indicate that Renata Limited would be a good investment choice for existing and prospective shareholders based on its opportunities for long term and short term growth and further expansion in developing the market. The results suggest that even lower liquidity coupled with higher interest borrowings can be balanced by posing positive picture to the public shareholders by returning the positive dividend to them.

Financial Performance of ECIL, Hyderabad – An Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Jyothi ◽  
Dr. T. Satyanarayana Chary
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Comprehensive Manner

Financial performance of individual organizations differ very significantly, however, the performance is distinguishable between public sector companies and private sector companies as their nature and size of investment and business environment is different . The ECIL is a very vast growing company which requires additional funds on a regular basis, whether internal or external. Particularly, the company needs both long term and short-term finances in view of its present position and enormous scope for improvement in the services provided. The present paper is a modest attempt to discuss the financial performance analysis of ECIL, Hyderabad in terms operating profits, capital employed ratios and turnover in a comprehensive manner over a period of 10 years.

scholarly journals Combined Androgen Blockade in Localized Prostate Cancer Treated With Definitive Radiation Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1497-1504
Author(s):  
Lucas K. Vitzthum ◽  
Chris Straka ◽  
Reith R. Sarkar ◽  
Rana McKay ◽  
J. Michael Randall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Combined Androgen Blockade ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Androgen Blockade

Background: The addition of androgen deprivation therapy to radiation therapy (RT) improves survival in patients with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), but it is not known whether combined androgen blockade (CAB) with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-A) and a nonsteroidal antiandrogen improves survival over GnRH-A monotherapy. Methods: This study evaluated patients with intermediate- and high-risk PCa diagnosed in 2001 through 2015 who underwent RT with either GnRH-A alone or CAB using the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure. Associations between CAB and prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) and overall survival (OS) were determined using multivariable regression with Fine-Gray and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, respectively. For a positive control, the effect of long-term versus short-term GnRH-A therapy was tested. Results: The cohort included 8,423 men (GnRH-A, 4,529; CAB, 3,894) with a median follow-up of 5.9 years. There were 1,861 deaths, including 349 resulting from PCa. The unadjusted cumulative incidences of PCSM at 10 years were 5.9% and 6.9% for those receiving GnRH-A and CAB, respectively (P=.16). Compared with GnRH-A alone, CAB was not associated with a significant difference in covariate-adjusted PCSM (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 1.05; 95% CI, 0.85–1.30) or OS (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.93–1.12). For high-risk patients, long-term versus short-term GnRH-A therapy was associated with improved PCSM (SHR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57–0.95) and OS (SHR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.73–0.93). Conclusions: In men receiving definitive RT for intermediate- or high-risk PCa, CAB was not associated with improved PCSM or OS compared with GnRH alone.

scholarly journals “You Cannot Hide Forever Luke”: Understanding the Strategic Use of Sustainability Disclosure in the Short and Long Term

M n gement ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Samuel Touboul ◽  
Asli Kozan
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sustainability Performance ◽  
Sustainability Disclosure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Detrimental Impact

This study investigates the relationships among firms’ sustainability disclosure, sustainability performance, and financial performance. Based on legitimacy theory and signaling theory, it argues that sustainability disclosure participates in two distinct mechanisms: a conformity mechanism through which disclosure shows conformity to the norms and a revelation mechanism through which disclosure reveals or hides a firm’s achieved degree of sustainability. In an attempt to contrast and reconcile the two mechanisms, the study assesses their impact on financial performance in the short and long term. Hypotheses are tested using longitudinal data (2002–2010), which cover 10,814 observations of firms from major indexes of stock exchanges worldwide. The results show that the conformity mechanism is effective in both the short and long terms, whereas the revelation mechanism is only effective in the short term. As a consequence, firms with poor sustainability performance may hide their detrimental impact and achieve higher financial performance in the short term by limiting their disclosure but not in the long term in which their lack of conformity is punished. In the long term, only conformity to the norms of disclosure leads to higher financial performance, even in the case of poor sustainability results.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN HUTANG TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Ari Triadi Wijaya ◽  
Muhammad Ali Fikri
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Total Debt ◽  
Research Population

This study aims to determine the effect of debt policy on  financial performance of coal companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Policy debt is proxied by short term debt (STD), long term debt (LTD), and total debt (TD), while financial performance is proxied by return on equity (ROE). This research carried out for 3 (three) years, namely 2015-2017. This research is a causal research with a quantitative approach, whereas based on the level of exploration of this study, including associative research. Population research is a coal company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2017. Samples obtained were based on purposive sampling technique, and obtained 21 company. Data analysis technique used panel data regression. Regression with using the free variable short term debt (STD), long term debt (LTD), and total debt (TD). Based on the results of data analysis, STD has no significant effect on ROE. Variable LTD has a significant effect on ROE. The TD variable has no significant effect with ROE. so the STD and LTD variables are able to influence the ROE variable explained by other factors outside this research model.

scholarly journals Can a simple, short-term memory task help to screen dyslexia?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Perham ◽  
Toni Howell ◽  
Andy Watt
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Order ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Support Students

AbstractFunding to support students with dyslexia in post-compulsory education is under pressure and more efficient assessments may offset some of this shortfall. We tested potential tasks for screening dyslexia: recall of adjective-noun, compared to noun-adjective, pairings (syntax) and recall of high versus low frequency letter pairings (bigrams). Students who reported themselves as dyslexic failed to show a normal syntax effect (greater recall of adjective-noun compared to noun-adjective pairings) and no significant difference in recall between the two types of bigrams whereas students who were not dyslexic showed the syntax effect and a bias towards recalling high frequency bigrams. Findings are consistent with recent explanations of dyslexia suggesting that those affected find it difficult to learn and utilise sequential long-term order information (Szmalec et al. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 37(5) ,1270-1279, 2011). Further, ROC curve analyses revealed both tasks showed acceptable diagnostic properties as they were able to discriminate between the two groups of participants.

Does meloxicam provide adequate pain management as a post-operative analgesic in canine ovariohysterectomy patients?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Gavin Goldsbrough ◽  
Helen Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Adequate Pain Management

Background: Meloxicam is an analgesic agent with anti-inflammatory properties, commonly used in veterinary practices to treat a variety of different long-term medical conditions and is also used as a short-term pain relief following particularly traumatic surgeries. Aims: An observational study was conducted to determine whether meloxicam provides adequate pain management as a post-operative analgesic for canine ovariohysterectomies. Methods: 13 canines were admitted for ovariohysterectomy. Each patient was assessed using the Glasgow composite pain scale (CMPS) prior to surgery during the admission procedure, 15 minutes post-operatively, at discharge and at their post-operative check (POC) 3–5 days after surgery. Results: Data were statistically analysed to determine the overall effectiveness of meloxicam in reducing pain following canine ovariohysterectomy. The results showed a statistically significant difference (Kruskal-Wallis test: H3 =12.98, p=0.005) in pain scores between admission, 15 minutes post operatively, discharge and 3–5 days POC. The greatest decrease in pain score was between 15 minutes post-operatively and POC (Mann-Whitney U test: W=236, n=13, 13, p=0.0014) and between discharge and POC (Mann-Whitney U test: W=227, n=13, 13, p=0.0060). Overall, this demonstrated that there was an improvement in pain suggesting meloxicam is effective between these time frames. In addition, 69.2% (n=9) of patients in the study showed a pain score of 0, indicating an absence of pain, on their final POC. Statistical analysis was also used to determine if there was any difference in pain score between the 3, 4 or 5 day POC pain score. The results show there was no significant difference (Kruskal-Wallis test: H2 =0.090, p=0.638) suggesting that meloxicam's effectiveness was similar across this range of time post surgery. Conclusion: The results from the study indicate that meloxicam is an effective post-operative analgesic for canine patients undergoing an ovariohysterectomy.

Postoperative hemorrhage during the acute phase after direct or combined revascularization for moyamoya disease: risk factors, prognosis, and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450-1459
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Junlin Lu ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
Xun Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Hemorrhage ◽  
Posterior Circulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVEPostoperative hemorrhage during the acute phase is rarely observed after revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease (MMD) but can have severe complications. Its risk factors and outcomes are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of postoperative hemorrhage during the acute phase in MMD and examine the outcomes of the hemorrhage.METHODSThe authors reviewed the preoperative clinical characteristics and radiographic features of 465 consecutive MMD cases (518 procedures) that had undergone direct or combined bypass surgery at their institution between 2009 and 2015. Patients with postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or ICH plus intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) during the acute phase were screened, and then the incidence, location, and risk factors of hemorrhage in these patients were analyzed. Short-term and long-term outcomes (modified Rankin Scale scores) for these patients were also collected. Outcomes were compared between patients with and those without postoperative ICH using propensity score analysis to reduce the between-group differences in baseline characteristics.RESULTSPostoperative hemorrhage occurred in 11 (2.1%; ICH = 9, IVH = 2) of 518 procedures (mean patient age 39.82 ± 8.8 years). Hemorrhage occurred in the first 24 hours after the operation in 8 cases (72.7%). In the ICH group, most of the hemorrhage sites (77.8%) were located beneath the anastomosed area, and the mean hematoma volume was 16.98 ± 22.45 ml (range 3–57 ml). One case from the ICH group required hematoma evacuation. Among the adult patients (463 procedures [89.4%]), preoperative hypertension (p = 0.008), CT perfusion (CTP) stage > III (p = 0.013), and posterior circulation involvement (p = 0.022) were significantly associated with postoperative ICH. No significant differences between the postoperative ICH group and the no-hemorrhage group were detected in terms of postoperative neurofunctional status at discharge (p = 0.569) or at the last follow-up (p = 1.000). Neither was there a significant difference in future stroke risk (p = 0.538) between these two groups.CONCLUSIONSPreoperative hypertension, CTP stage > III, and posterior circulation involvement are independent risk factors for postoperative ICH after direct or combined revascularization for MMD. After appropriate perioperative management, postoperative ICH has no significant correlations with the postoperative short-term and long-term neurofunctional status.

Early clinical results of minimally invasive coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction can be maintained at a minimum of five years’ follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 102-B (7) ◽  
pp. 918-924
Author(s):  
Steffen B. Rosslenbroich ◽  
Katharina Heimann ◽  
Jan Christoph Katthagen ◽  
Clemens Koesters ◽  
Oliver Riesenbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Constant Score ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ac Joint ◽  
Ac Joint Dislocation ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims There is a lack of long-term data for minimally invasive acromioclavicular (AC) joint repair. Furthermore, it is not clear if good early clinical results can be maintained over time. The purpose of this study was to report long-term results of minimally invasive AC joint reconstruction (MINAR) and compare it to corresponding short-term data. Methods We assessed patients with a follow-up of at least five years after minimally invasive flip-button repair for high-grade AC joint dislocation. The clinical outcome was evaluated using the Constant score and a questionnaire. Ultrasound determined the coracoclavicular (CC) distance. Results of the current follow-up were compared to the short-term results of the same cohort. Results A total of 50 patients (three females, 47 males) were successfully followed up for a minimum of five years. The mean follow-up was 7.7 years (63 months to 132 months). The overall Constant score was 94.4 points (54 to 100) versus 97.7 points (83 to 100) for the contralateral side showing a significant difference for the operated shoulder (p = 0.013) The mean difference in the CC distance between the operated and the contralateral shoulder was 3.7 mm (0.2 to 7.8; p = 0.010). In total, 16% (n = 8) of patients showed recurrent instability. All these cases were performed within the first 16 months after introduction of this technique. A total of 84% (n = 42) of the patients were able to return to their previous occupations and sport activities. Comparison of short-term and long-term results revealed no significant difference for the Constant Score (p = 0.348) and the CC distance (p = 0.974). Conclusion The clinical outcome of MINAR is good to excellent after long-term follow-up and no significant differences were found compared to short-term results. We therefore suggest this is a reliable technique for surgical treatment of high-grade AC joint dislocation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7):918–924.

scholarly journals Debt Financing and Firm Performance: Evidence from an Emerging South-Asian Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mazibar Rahman ◽  
Umme Khadija Kakuli ◽  
Shahnaz Parvin ◽  
Ayrin Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Firm Financial Performance ◽  
Total Debt

This paper aims to empirically investigate the impact of capital structure choice on the firm performance of the firms listed under the Dhaka Stock Exchange of Bangladesh. Multiple regression has been employed in this research to determine the relationship between the capital structure and the firm’s financial performance. Three ratios of financial performance, i.e., return on assets, return on equity, and gross margin, have been used as a sample of non-financial Bangladeshi companies, selected from 2010 to 2015. The study records numerous findings. First, the result shows a significant negative influence of long-term debt (LTD) and total debt (TTD) on firm financial performance measured by return on assets (ROA), but no significant relationship is found between short-term debt (STD) and this measure of firm’s financial performance. Moreover, the research found that there is no significant effect of short-term debt, long-term debt and total debt on the firm financial performance measured by return on equity (ROE). Finally, the result shows that a significant negative influence of short-term debt and total debt on firm performance measured by GM, but no significant relationship was found between long-term debt and financial performance. In general terms, the results of this study may suggest that capital structure has a negative influence on firms’ financial performance in Bangladesh.

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