scholarly journals Why do pharmacists leave the profession? A mixed-method exploratory study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 2332
Author(s):  
Trudi J. Aspden ◽  
Pushkar R. Silwal ◽  
Munyaradzi Marowa ◽  
Rhys Ponton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Career Pathways ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Pharmacy Profession ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Professional Environment

Background: Recent New Zealand policy documents aim for pharmacists to be retained, and promote the provision of extended clinical pharmacy services. However, younger pharmacists have expressed dissatisfaction with the profession on informal social for a. Objectives: To explore the characteristics, and perspectives of pharmacy as a career, of recent Bachelor of Pharmacy (BPharm, four-year degree) graduates who have left, or are seriously considering leaving the New Zealand pharmacy profession in the near future and where they have gone, or plan to go. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a mixed-method explanatory sequential design. An anonymous online survey among those who completed their pharmacy undergraduate degree (BPharm or equivalent) in 2003 or later and who had left or who were seriously considering leaving the New Zealand pharmacy profession in the next five years, was open from 1st December 2018 to 1st February 2019. Recruitment occurred via University alumni databases, pharmacy professional organisations, pharmaceutical print media, social media and word-of-mouth. Ten semi-structured interviews were then conducted with a purposive sample of survey respondents. Descriptive statistics were generated from the quantitative data and qualitative data were analysed using manifest content analysis. Results: We received 327 analysable surveys of which 40.4% (n=132) were from those who had already left the New Zealand pharmacy sector at the time of the data collection and the rest (59.6% n=195) were those working within the sector, but seriously considering leaving the profession. Reasons most commonly reported for studying pharmacy were having an interest in health and wanting to work with people. The most common reasons for leaving, or wanting to leave, were dissatisfaction with the professional environment, including inadequate remuneration, and a perceived lack of career pathways or promotion opportunities. A wide range of career destinations were declared, with medicine being most frequently reported. Conclusions: Most of the reasons for leaving/considering leaving the profession reported relate to the values and features of the pharmacy profession such as the professional environment, remuneration and career pathways. These findings are consistent with other studies and may represent a barrier to achieving the aims of recent health policy documents.

scholarly journals Faculty’s Use of Social Media in Flipped Classrooms: A Mixed-Method Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-410
Author(s):  
Majed Alharthi ◽  
Ke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flipped Classrooms ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper reports a sequential mixed-method study on Saudi Arabian (SA) faculty’s use of social media (SM) in flipped classrooms (FC). The study also examined SA faculty’s related attitudes and identified factors that had limited faculty use of SM in Saudi higher education. In particular, the study explored how SA faculty used SM to address students’ needs and preferences as per the Read, Reflect, Display and Do (R2D2) framework. 391 eligible SA faculty members (199 male and 192 female) participated in the online survey, among which 8 (4 male and 4 female) were also selected for individual, semi-structured interviews afterwards. A wide range of factors were identified to understand what may have prevented or limited faculty’s SM uses in teaching. Research and practical implications were discussed, as well as suggestions to promote the use of SM for teaching in SA and countries with similar cultures.  

scholarly journals Information Overload, Wellbeing and COVID-19: A Survey in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Jialin Fan ◽  
Andrew P Smith
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
General Information ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Negative Coping

(1) Psychology must play an important role in the prevention and management of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to examine associations between the perceptions of information overload and wellbeing in China during the initial phase of COVID-19. (2) Methods: The present research involved a cross-sectional online survey, which controlled for established predictors of wellbeing and the perception of general (not COVID-19-specific) information overload. The setting of the research was China, February 2020. A total of 1349 participants completed an online survey, and the results from 1240 members of the general public who stated that they were uninfected are reported here (55.6% female; 49.4% single; age distribution: 17–25 years: 26%; 26–30 years: 24.3%; 31–40 years: 23.9%; 41–50 years: 16.2%; 51 years+: 9.6%; the most frequent occupations were: 21.5% students; 19.5% teachers; 25.9% office workers; 10.8% managers, plus a few in a wide range of jobs). The outcomes were positive wellbeing (positive affect and life satisfaction) and negative wellbeing (stress, negative affect, anxiety and depression). (3) Results: Regressions were carried out, controlling for established predictors of wellbeing (psychological capital, general information overload, positive and negative coping). Spending time getting information about COVID-19 was associated with more positive wellbeing. In contrast, perceptions of COVID-19 information overload and feeling panic due to COVID-19 were associated with more negative wellbeing. (4) Conclusions: These results have implications for the communication of information about COVID-19 to the general public and form the basis for further research on the topic.

scholarly journals ‘By the way….how’s your sex life?’ – A descriptive study reporting primary health care registered nurses engagement with youth about sexual health

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Martel ◽  
Ruth Crawford ◽  
Helen Riden
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Youth rates of sexually transmitted infections in New Zealand are among the highest in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. Registered nurses employed in primary healthcare settings (PHC RNs) may lack confidence engaging with youth about their sexual health. AIM To identify what facilitates PHC RNs to discuss sexual health with youth. METHODS This descriptive study was undertaken in two phases. In phase one, 23 PHC RNs completed an online survey. Phase two followed up the survey with semi-structured interviews with seven PHC RNs. RESULTS Most PHC RNs are female, aged between 40 and 60 years old and identify with New Zealand or other European ethnicity. Participants identified specific educational needs relating to youth sexual health that are not being met: legal and ethical issues (65%); cultural issues (65%); youth sexual (44%) and psychological (52%) development; and working with gay, lesbian, bisexual or transsexual youth (48%). Lack of time was cited as a barrier to engaging with youth about sexual health by 30% of the participants. Ongoing support practices such as regular debriefing, reflections of practice and case reviews with colleagues (74%); support from other sexual health providers (87%); and access to educational materials about youth sexual health aimed at health professionals (100%) were perceived to be useful to increase confidence in discussing sexual health with youth. DISCUSSION The PHC RNs lacked knowledge and confidence engaging with youth about sexual health. PHC RNs need resourcing to provide culturally safe, effective sexual health care to youth.

scholarly journals Phenomenological approach to childhood cataract treatment in New Zealand using semi-structured interviews: how might we improve provision of care

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e024869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M Hamm ◽  
Karla A Boluk ◽  
Joanna M Black ◽  
Shuan Dai ◽  
Benjamin Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individualised Care ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Childhood Cataract

PurposeTo understand how we might improve the provision of medical care for children with cataracts.DesignA phenomenological design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture rich descriptions of the phenomena. Our goal in the interview and the analysis was to understand the sources of distress associated with treatment for cataract and deprivation amblyopia which (1) could be addressed by the medical community and (2) related to treatment adherence.SettingInterviews were conducted by a non-clinician researcher in New Zealand (NZ) in a location chosen by informants. In NZ, the red reflex screening test is performed shortly after birth, and surgery to remove paediatric cataracts is publicly funded.ParticipantsFamilies of children who had a history of cataract in Auckland, NZ were posted an invitation to participate. Twenty families were interviewed.ResultsOur analysis illustrated that informants described a wide range of experiences, from declined cataract surgery to full adherence to medical advice including years of patching for more than 4 hours a day. Across these experiences, we identified three relevant themes; timing of diagnosis, communication between the parent and clinician, and parental social support networks.ConclusionThe medical community may be better placed to support families dealing with childhood cataract by improving detection of childhood cataract, building appropriate communication pathways and promoting social support, with an emphasis on empathetic, individualised care.

Understanding Client Empowerment: An Online Survey of Social Workers Serving People with Mental Health Issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialiang Cui ◽  
Limin Mao ◽  
Grenville Rose ◽  
Christy E Newman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract This study explored how social workers located in Sydney and Hong Kong conceptualised client empowerment. Further, it investigated these professionals’ perceived facilitators and barriers to their empowerment practices, based on an ecological framework. A cross-sectional online survey was used, where the original Empowerment Scale for clients with mental health issues was adapted to measure conceptualisation of client empowerment from social workers’ perspectives. Eighty-three social workers serving people with mental health issues (MHIs) in Sydney and eighty in Hong Kong responded. A two-factor model was generated suggesting that practitioners tend to conceptualise client empowerment into two aspects: a relation-based dimension and a resource-oriented one. Compared with their Sydney counterparts, the Hong Kong practitioners considered resource-oriented empowerment as more integral to client empowerment (t(161) = 4.17, p < 0.001). Several key factors were found to be independently associated with endorsement of the two-factor client-empowerment model by practitioners: perceived less support from medical specialists but more support from teams serving the same client, perceived benefits of social work training and, finally, beliefs in the importance of social workers’ role in client empowerment. The study highlights the multiple dimensions of client empowerment and a wide range of inter-professional and sociostructural factors enabling social workers’ practices that support empowerment. Our paper highlights the role of professional empowerment as a stepping stone to enable their client-empowerment practices through policy support and inter-professional collaboration.

scholarly journals The Changing Clinical Landscape in Acupuncture for Women’s Health: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey in New Zealand and Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Graca ◽  
Debra Betts ◽  
Caroline A. Smith ◽  
Mike Armour ◽  
Kate Roberts
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Referral Networks

Abstract Background Acupuncture is growing in popularity as a treatment option for women’s health worldwide with reported increasing usage in the last ten years. A significant number of clinical trials and meta-analysis are now published on aspects of women’s health treatment with acupuncture. The aim of this survey was to explore if, how and why, aspects of acupuncture practice has changed since our last survey in 2013. Method An online cross-sectional survey of registered acupuncturists and Chinese Medicine practitioners in Australia and New Zealand. Questions covered the practitioner demographics and training, women’s health conditions commonly treated, modalities used, sources of information and continuing education (CE) (e.g. webinars), changes in clinical practice, and referral networks. Results One hundred and seventy registered practitioners responded to this survey, with 93% reporting treating women’s health in the last 12 months. The majority of respondents were from Australia (60%), held a bachelors level qualification (60%), and used a traditional Chinese medicine framework (86%). Most practitioners incorporated other modalities in addition to acupuncture. Most practitioners’ referral networks were predominantly based on word of mouth for menstrual, fertility and pregnancy related conditions, with referrals from medical practitioners being much less common. More than half (57%) reported having changed their women’s health practice in the past 12 months; just over a quarter of those who changed treatment (27%) reported it was due to research findings. The most commonly used sources of information/CE used to inform treatment were webinars and conferences, while peer-reviewed journal articles were the least commonly used source. Conclusion Acupuncture practitioners in Australia and New Zealand commonly treat women’s health conditions, but this is usually the result of women seeking them out, rather than being referred from a medical practitioner. The majority of practitioners did report changing their women’s health practice, but peer reviewed academic articles alone are not an ideal medium to convey this information since practitioners favour knowledge obtained from webinars and conferences. Academics and other clinician researchers should consider alternative means of disseminating knowledge beyond traditional academic publications and conferences, special interest groups may assist in this and also help improve research literacy.

scholarly journals Caring for depression in the dying is complex and challenging – survey of palliative physicians

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Lee ◽  
Sungwon Chang ◽  
Michelle DiGiacomo ◽  
Brian Draper ◽  
Meera R. Agar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Depression Care ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Patient Burden

Abstract Background Depression is prevalent in people with very poor prognoses (days to weeks). Clinical practices and perceptions of palliative physicians towards depression care have not been characterised in this setting. The objective of this study was to characterise current palliative clinicians’ reported practices and perceptions in depression screening, assessment and management in the very poor prognosis setting. Methods In this cross-sectional cohort study, 72 palliative physicians and 32 psychiatrists were recruited from Australian and New Zealand Society of Palliative Medicine and Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists between February and July 2020 using a 23-item anonymous online survey. Results Only palliative physicians results were reported due to poor psychiatry representation. Palliative physicians perceived depression care in this setting to be complex and challenging. 40.0% reported screening for depression. All experienced uncertainty when assessing depression aetiology. Approaches to somatic symptom assessment varied. Physicians were generally less likely to intervene for depression than in the better prognosis setting. Most reported barriers to care included the perceived lack of rapidly effective therapeutic options (77.3%), concerns of patient burden and intolerance (71.2%), and the complexity in diagnostic differentiation (53.0%). 66.7% desired better collaboration between palliative care and psychiatry. Conclusions Palliative physicians perceived depression care in patients with very poor prognoses to be complex and challenging. The lack of screening, variations in assessment approaches, and the reduced likelihood of intervening in comparison to the better prognosis setting necessitate better collaboration between palliative care and psychiatry in service delivery, training and research.

scholarly journals Assessment of Psychological Stress Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in the Urban Adult Population of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2063-2072
Author(s):  
Kayalvizhi Kumaravel ◽  
Praveen Kumar Ratavaru Sathyam ◽  
Rejili Grace Joy Manickaraj ◽  
Poonguzhali Sivagananam ◽  
Divya Ravikumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: COVID-19, the unprecedented deadly pandemic has turned the world topsy-turvy. It has affected all the people like poor and rich, young and old, educated and uneducated, male and female with detrimental consequences. People who are in quarantine and/or lockdown are likely to develop a wide range of symptoms like psychological stress, irritability, anxiety, depression etc. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the psychological effects of COVID-19 lockdown among adult population residing in Chennai, India. This study is a cross sectional descriptive study carried out in Chennai, India. A structured questionnaire was developed containing 25 questions related to the emotional disturbance, depression, self-concept, physical problems, cognitive changes and role performance and 7 questions related to the demographics. An online survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire using a non-probability snowball sampling technique. A total of 579 responses were received. The findings of the present study revealed that, among 579 respondents, more than half of the respondents 320(56.3%)were under severe psychological stress, 192(33.2%) respondents that is one third of the people had moderate psychological stress and remaining were having mild psychological stress. The study also revealed that there was a statistically significant association of psychological problems associated with demographic variables. Our Study revealed that people living in Chennai had severe psychological problem due to theCOVID-19 lockdown. This highlights the importance and immediate need for the development special intervention programmes for the people with psychological problems due to the COVID-19 lockdown.

scholarly journals Simple Steps For Successful Ageing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yu Han Geline Lim
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Global Business ◽  
At Home

<p>This was a self-directed project inspired by personal concerns of ageing family members attempting to access high spaces at home, set in a wider context of a country, New Zealand, which has a rapidly ageing population. This is a research report on developing and commercialising innovations to enable safety and independence for ageing consumers, with a specific focus on safer access to high places at home. In essence, the purpose of the project was to identify a product concept or concepts based on consumer needs and preferences, which could be realistically developed and commercialised, in the context of the New Zealand market. Due to time and resource constraints, the scope of the research was focused on identifying potential commercially viable opportunities and setting the foundation for future business development after the thesis, and did not aim to produce any physical product prototypes for testing. To embark on this project was important as it sought to recognise needs desired by seniors that may have been neglected and to advocate a more inclusive design in home tools.  The methodology employed was based on social constructionism, underpinned by grounded theory, and thus, was mainly qualitative in the form of semi-structured interviews. However, some minor quantitative components were included such as a final online survey consisting of closed questions. The research design was also influenced by the Business Canvas Model framework, in which theories on ageing and concepts from Consumer Behaviour and business strategy were integrated. 40 face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives from different stakeholder categories. A final online survey was administered with 21 responses from the initial 40 participants. All research data were then further analysed based on the Business Model Canvas framework to assess potential innovation and commercialisation opportunities in New Zealand.  The key findings were that an improved step ladder offered as a modular system where additional features could be added on was desired. The research highlighted the importance of developing a collaborative business model focusing on co-creating solutions for older consumers, with consumers. A step ladder concept titled Simple Steps and a new brand called HOMFI (Home Objects Made for Independence) was proposed. More research should be conducted with a larger group of participants to obtain a stronger quantifiable validations for a business case before actual resource investments. More developmental work has to be done, such as developing a functioning product prototype to be tested. A major implication for this project is the need to develop tools with the needs of older people in mind. This project could also set the foundation for potential future research in a global context, possibly enabling a similar study to be replicated in another country for the purpose of pursuing a global business strategy.</p>

scholarly journals Online EFL Emergency Remote Teaching during COVID 19, Challenges and Innovative Practices: A Case of Oman

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Samia Naqvi ◽  
Insiya Zehra
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
English Language ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Innovative Techniques

The emergent situation brought about by COVID 19 has led to an unprecedented change in the educational sector worldwide, including the Sultanate of Oman. Most of the educational institutions here have responded swiftly to fulfill the requirements of academia by switching to an online emergency remote teaching mode overnight. To get adjusted to the ‘new normal,’ teachers across all academic disciplines, including the English language, have had to adapt to new teaching approaches and learn new skills and competencies to confront this challenge. This empirical cross-sectional research study explores the teacher technology self-efficacy, the challenges faced, and the innovative practices adopted by the EFL teachers during the crisis. A mixed-methods approach was used here, including an online survey and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with six teachers. The survey was administered to 100 EFL teachers from fourteen higher-education institutions, whereas the interviews were held with six survey participants. The study found that majority of the teachers had a strong sense of self-efficacy in using technology as well as considerably positive learning experiences and novel innovations, which all resulted in the various ways they faced pandemic-related challenges. The paper gives, in particular, an account of the innovative techniques adopted by the interviewed teachers during the Pandemic crisis. This investigation hopefully adds to the field of knowledge by sharing effective, innovative techniques that have relevance to EFL teaching in Oman and beyond.

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