scholarly journals Análise dos custos ambientais relacionados com a gestão de resíduos em indústrias químicas

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-522
Author(s):  
Margareth Aparecida Moraes ◽  
Vanessa Theis ◽  
Margarete Blume Vier ◽  
Dusan Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Proper Disposal

Resumo Com a existência de um limite entre o esgotamento dos recursos naturais e do crescimento econômico, evidencia-se a necessidade de encontrar meios para compatibilizar a conservação ambiental e o crescimento econômico. Nesse cenário, desponta a gestão ambiental, que visa reduzir os impactos causados ao meio ambiente advindos das atividades econômicas das empresas. Cumpre destacar que a geração de resíduos se apresenta como aspecto indissociável do processo industrial, que demanda investimentos para a sua adequada destinação final. Nesse contexto, o objetivo com este trabalho foi analisar os custos ambientais relacionados com a gestão de resíduos em indústrias químicas localizadas na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma pesquisa survey com gestores de 36 empresas da unidade de análise. As evidências coletadas facultaram a constatação de que os resíduos representam a maior parte dos passivos ambientais nas empresas investigadas. Além disso, grande parte dos respondentes declarou que nas empresas que desenvolvem suas atividades, os passivos são tratados por meio da comercialização dos resíduos gerados pelo processo produtivo, a fim de obter receita adicional. De acordo com 24 respondentes, os resíduos sólidos gerados em um processo produtivo são reaproveitados na produção de outro produto, e os gestores que responderam que não conseguem sequer gerar receita adicional, via comercialização de resíduos, tampouco aproveitar resíduos na fabricação de outro produto, alegaram dificuldade operacional para viabilizar o referido modelo, ou falta de organização interna para mapear os resíduos sólidos gerados no processo.Palavras-chave: Gestão de resíduos. Custos ambientais. Indústria química. Abstract With the existence of a limit between the exhaustion of natural resources and the economic growth, it is highlighted the need to find ways to reconcile environmental conservation and economic growth. In this scenario, comes up environmental management, which aims to reduce the impacts to the environment arising from the economic activities of enterprises. It should be noted that the generation of waste is presented as an inseparable aspect from the manufacturing process, which requires investments for its proper disposal. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the environmental costs related to waste management in chemical industries located in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre. The data were collected through a survey research with managers of 36 companies unit analysis. Evidence collected provided the realization that the waste represent most of the environmental damage in the investigated companies. In addition, most respondents stated that in companies that develop their activities, liabilities are treated through the marketing of waste generated by the production process in order to obtain additional revenue. According to 24 respondents, the solid waste generated in a production process are reused in the production of another product, and the managers who responded that they cannot even generate additional revenue via marketing waste, either take advantage of waste in the manufacture of another product, alleged operational difficulty to enable that model, or lack of internal organization to map the solid waste generated in the process.Keywords: Wastes. Environmental economics. Chemical industry.

scholarly journals An investigation into the anthropogenic nexus among consumption of energy, tourism, and economic growth: do economic policy uncertainties matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 2835-2847
Author(s):  
Festus Fatai Adedoyin ◽  
Solomon Nathaniel ◽  
Ngozi Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Long Run

AbstractGlobal warming has been a pressing issue for the past decade as various economic activities have been flagged and are expected to reduce emissions. While previous studies have examined the energy consumption-emissions-economic growth nexus in significant detail, attention is yet to be given to the role of economic policy uncertainties and human activities such as tourism in a carbon function. Thus, this study aims to investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption, tourists’ arrivals, economic policy uncertainty, and ecological footprint in the top ten earners from international tourism over the period 1995 to 2015. The fully modified ordinary least square and dynamic ordinary least square estimation techniques and the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality tests were used in the study. Empirical results suggest that economic policy uncertainties in addition to tourism and energy consumption are drivers of environmental degradation. However, the contribution of energy consumption to ecological footprint is significantly moderated by economic policy uncertainties such that a 1% increase in the latter reduces environmental damage by 0.71%. This study suggests that policy uncertainties matter a great deal for energy and environmental policies. Also, green economic growth is possible if the proper implementation of environmental protection policies can restrict the harmful impact of economic activities on the quality of the environment. Based on the empirical findings, vital energy policy recommendations are suggested.

Lecturas posibles sobre la construcción del actor económico

2017 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Endogenous Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Basic Ideas

En tres breves capítulos, el artículo pone a disposición las ideas básicas que cruzan la reflexión sobre las actividades económicas que las personas realizan en condiciones de pobreza, destacándose la preocupación sobre si estos desempeños pueden constituirse en alternativas de crecimiento económico a nivel local o si ellas son actores que inciden en las políticas públicas que organizan los supuestos del desarrollo.Palabras clave Actividades Económicas Autogestionadas / Autonomía / Capacitación / Desarrollo Endógeno.Abstract:In three brief chapters, the article displays the basic ideas that intersect the reflection on the economic activities that people perform in conditions of poverty, standing out the concern whether these performances can constitute in alternatives of economic growth at the local level or whether they are activities that affect the public policies which organize the theories of development.Key words Self-managed economic activities / Autonomy / Training / Endogenous Development

scholarly journals Solid Waste Management in Small Tourism Islands: An Evolutionary Governance Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5896
Author(s):  
Kylie Ching Mun Wang ◽  
Khai Ern Lee ◽  
Mazlin Mokhtar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Governance Theory

In many regions and nations, solid waste management is deemed as critical, complicated, and multifaceted. The essence of solid waste management in each society can be influenced by a variety of economic activities and physical geographies. Small islands with their geographic isolation and a tourism-driven economy pose a great challenge in ensuring sustainability in respect to solid waste management. Beyond the issues of solid waste management on small islands, the governance of solid waste management particularly requires distinctive attention. This aspect is often disregarded as it is a tricky issue for many governments, especially on the territories of small islands. Through the lens of Evolutionary Governance Theory, this paper examines the rigidity in the governance of solid waste management, particularly on small islands, in how related issues are addressed. A range of aspects of governance of solid waste management are analyzed and gaps are identified to propose a way forward in approaching governance problems on small islands through the conceptualization of evolutionary governance.

Public Financing of Human Development in India: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Sacchidananda Mukherjee ◽  
Shivani Badola
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Opportunities ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Public Transfers ◽  
Distribution Of Resources

Role of public financing of human development (HD) is inevitable, especially for developing countries like India where access to resources and economic opportunities are not equitably distributed among people. Governments aim to achieve equity in distribution of resources through allocative and redistributive policies whereas macroeconomic stabilisation policies aim to achieve higher economic growth and stability in the price level. Expenditure policies of the governments envisage in delivering larger public goods and services to enable people to take part in economic activities by investing in human capital and infrastructure developments. Progressivity of the tax system helps in achieving equity by redistribution of resources among people. Being merit goods, expenditures on education, health, and poverty eradication make it a case for public investment which empowers people to improve human capital. The benefit of universal economic participation is expected to contribute in larger mobilisation of public resources over time. Lack of economic opportunities and earning a respectable income may increase dependence on public transfers which may reduce fiscal space of the governments to finance programmes to promote overall economic growth. The objective of this article is to review existing studies on public financing of HD in India and highlight emerging challenges.

scholarly journals Contextualization of the Bioeconomy Concept through Its Links with Related Concepts and the Challenges Facing Humanity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7746
Author(s):  
Leire Barañano ◽  
Naroa Garbisu ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
Andrés Araujo ◽  
Carlos Garbisu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Shed Light

The concept of bioeconomy is a topic of debate, confusion, skepticism, and criticism. Paradoxically, this is not necessarily a negative thing as it is encouraging a fruitful exchange of information, ideas, knowledge, and values, with concomitant beneficial effects on the definition and evolution of the bioeconomy paradigm. At the core of the debate, three points of view coexist: (i) those who support a broad interpretation of the term bioeconomy, through the incorporation of all economic activities based on the production and conversion of renewable biological resources (and organic wastes) into products, including agriculture, livestock, fishing, forestry and similar economic activities that have accompanied humankind for millennia; (ii) those who embrace a much narrower interpretation, reserving the use of the term bioeconomy for new, innovative, and technologically-advanced economic initiatives that result in the generation of high-added-value products and services from the conversion of biological resources; and (iii) those who stand between these two viewpoints. Here, to shed light on this debate, a contextualization of the bioeconomy concept through its links with related concepts (biotechnology, bio-based economy, circular economy, green economy, ecological economics, environmental economics, etc.) and challenges facing humanity today is presented.

Elemental balance of SRF production process: solid recovered fuel produced from municipal solid waste

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasrullah ◽  
Pasi Vainikka ◽  
Janne Hannula ◽  
Markku Hurme ◽  
Pekka Oinas
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Elemental Balance

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY BY REGIONAL SIGN TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ECOLOGICAL COMPONENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn Shaposhnykov ◽  
Yuriy Pavelko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Environmental Component

The purpose of this work is to study the development of the national economy in recent years taking into account the environmental component. It is proved that providing conditions for long-term economic growth is the primary task of macroeconomy of any country. Unstable development of the national economy in recent decades accompanied by prolonged crises, as well as a slow path of reforming all spheres of life on the way to building a democratic society with a developed market economy cause constant attention of domestic scientists to this direction. Methodology. The results of environmental protection measures are classified, based on the practical use of modern economic and mathematical methods and models. Results. It is proved that when using these methods, the results of law enforcement measures can be divided into the following groups: in the conditions of positive rates of economic development, the volumes of atmospheric emissions of pollutants and carbon dioxide had a negative dynamics. This scenario of environmental and economic efficiency is the most desirable; positive growth rates of fresh water use are inferior to GDP growth rates, the rates of waste generation and water abstraction exceed the dynamics of GDP growth. This scenario is the least acceptable, as not only environmental damage is increasing in absolute terms, but environmental performance is also deteriorating. Practical implications. The period of 2015–2018 was chosen for research as it was characterized by the resumption of gradual economic growth in most sectors of the economy after the deep crisis of 2014. The available data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2019 has not currently contained complete information on volumes anthropogenic impact. The leaders of regional development in terms of GRP growth in 2015–2018 were Volyn (+ 5.72%), Kyiv (+ 5.66%) and Zhytomyr (+ 5.00%) regions. In contrast, the most depressed regions with negative economic growth rates were Donetsk (-1.86%), Luhansk (-0.84%) and Poltava (-0.51%) regions. In the latter region, the rate of population decline exceeded the increase in labor productivity, resulting in a decrease in performance. Value/originality of the work is the analysis of trends in the national economy taking into account the environmental component, which in contrast to the existing comes from modern experience of practical use of economic and mathematical methods, which allows to develop recommendations based on quantitative estimates.

scholarly journals Transaksi Bisnis Tembakau dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Achmad Anas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
The Difference

Three basic economic activities are production, distribution, and consumption. Economic growth can be realized quickly, by maximizing one of the three. Economic growth that can create prosperity can be done in two ways: growth in production factors, both labor, and capital. Economic activities are concentrated in businesses in the form of production, partnerships, sales. The results of this study are there are several roles of the Indonesian Tobacco Farmers Association that were found, in the form of mediator, facilitator, advocacy. And there are also findings in the form of increased taxes and the distribution of tobacco excise revenue sharing funds that are not evenly distributed. There are also several findings, they are: the occurrence of economic activities in the form of partnerships carried out by tobacco farmers and entrepreneurs. The difference lies in the end that there is a transaction of buying and selling witnesses between tobacco farmers and entrepreneurs. So when partnering, the agreement must sell farmers' crops to partners, namely tobacco entrepreneurs. Of course, the transaction has met the provisions of Sharia Economic Law, when the conditions have been fulfilled, the transaction will be considered valid.

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