scholarly journals DISEASES OF BROAD BEANS CAUSED BY MICROSCOPIC FUNGI

2018 ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Kurkina
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
South Central ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chocolate Spot

The unique biochemical composition of broad bean seeds (Vicia faba L. var. major Harz) makes them a promising vegetable crop. The quantity and quality of the yield of beans depends to a large extent on the mycoses caused by microscopic fungi. The aim of the work was to study the diseases of broad beans caused by microscopic fungi in the soil and climatic conditions of the South Central zone of the region. At the Botanical garden BelSU (Belgorod) on a natural infectious background were grown and studied of different broad beans varieties Belarusian, Velena, Russian black, Aquadulche. In some years, the prevalence of Alternaria leaf spot was 8-57%, but the lack of yield did not exceed 12%. Fusarium wilt was spread to 90%, with a disease development index of up to 82% and a loss of yield of 16-64%. In cases of mixed infection (fusariosis + alternariosis, fusariosis + chocolate spot) on plants in the budding-flowering phase (before and after the phase of fruit formation), the destruction of affected plants was noted. The spread of mixed infection was prevented by dry weather during the development of plant generative organs. The development of bean leaf and pod spot, which reduced the productivity by no more than 15%, contributed to the dry period of bean growth. Chocolate spot (not marked on varieties Russian black and Velena) and blackish spotting were noted not on all grades and not annually, reducing the yield of beans by 2-10%. In general, over the years of research, the lowest losses of yield from mycoses are noted for the Belarusian.

scholarly journals Simulation of defoliation caused by Black Sigatoka in the yield and quality of banana 'Nanica ' fruits

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Domingues Lima ◽  
Jessica Andrade Florencio ◽  
Wilson da Silva Moraes ◽  
Silvia Helena Modenese Gorla da Silva ◽  
Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Black Sigatoka ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Mass Accumulation

ABSTRACT: Defoliation caused by Black Sigatoka in yield and quality of banana 'Nanica' was stimulated in this study. A completely randomized 2x8 factorial design with six repetitions was used, in which period of bunch formation and number of leaves at flowering were established as factors. Plants for defoliation were selected on 04/05/2013 (Period 1), and on 07/01/2014 (Period 2). Six to to 13 leaves remained per plant by removing those with more than 50% of blade with injury or senescence. More appropriate climatic conditions before and after flowering, promoted greater mass accumulation in the bunch in Period 2. The increased number of leaves at flowering increased the length of the fruit and the mass of 4th hand, as well as the bunch mass and postharvest period. Defoliation is suggested only for non-functional leaves as well as the maintenance of at least 10 leaves per plant, independent of the period of bunch formation.

scholarly journals Research Results for a New Onion Seed Drill

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A. A. Ibragimov ◽  
A. К. Karakhanov ◽  
A. A. Abdurakhmanov ◽  
A. Е. Eshdavlatov ◽  
P. A. Uteniyazov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic

. For sowing small seeds of vegetables, in particular onions, special seeders are used. They are not produced in the Republic of Uzbekistan, while many diff erent pneumatic seeders are produced abroad. The authors note that foreign samples are complex in design, not adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, cannot provide even seed placement on ridges, and the cost of the seeders themselves and service are very high.(Research purpose) To develop a vegetable seeder in relation to the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, to determine the seeding rate of onion seeds depending on the length of the active part of the seed reel, to evaluate the formation quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows.(Materials and methods) The authors determined the sowing rate by turning the seeder drive wheel at a given length of the active part of the sowing reel and collecting the sown seeds in cups with further weighing. The quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows formation was evaluated by the method of profi ling the fi eld before and after the seeder’s pass.(Results and discussion) The authors developed a vegetable seeder that performed three operations in one pass: cutting irrigation furrows, forming sowing ridges of a trapezoidal shape and sowing onion seeds and other small-seeded vegetable crops in a three-row tape method in each tape. They found that the dependence of the seeding rate on the length of the active part of the reel had a slightly fragile parabolic shape, and the required seeding rates – 24-48 pieces per linear meter (3.9-7.8 kilograms per hectare) – were provided with the length of the sowing reel 3.3- 6.2 millimeters. It was proved that the seeder provided a high-quality formation of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows: the row spacing was 68.8 centimeters (installation spacing – 70 centimeters), the top ridge width was 42.5 centimeters (the predetermined one was 40 centimeters), the depth of irrigation furrows was on average 9.6 centimeters.(Conclusions) A vegetable seeder was developed for sowing small-seeded vegetable crops with the simultaneous formation of sowing ridges and cutting irrigation furrows, which ensured high-quality performance of all operations and observance of onion seeds.

scholarly journals Priority trends and prospects of blackberry breeding in conditions of Central Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
L. A. Gruner ◽  
B. B. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
Central Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Cultivars

This overview substantiates the possibility and expediency of blackberry breeding in Central Russia, where it is in demand, but not widespread in horticulture. Significant achievements of world breeding, which gave modern cultivars a large set of economically important qualities and growing interest in it all over the world, including Russian gardeners, make it relevant to work with blackberries as an object of selection, and as a promising garden plant. However, insufficient frost and winter hardiness of the bulk of the cultivars of this culture cause certain difficulties when growing it in the areas with cold winters to which the Central zone of Russia belongs. The expansion of the market of berry products also imposes increasingly high requirements on the complex of economic indicators of new cultivars, primarily the quality of blackberry fruit. In this regard, improving the existing range of varieties of the culture, increasing its adaptive properties and commodity qualities of berries are urgent tasks for breeders when creating new cultivars. The relevance of blackberry breeding is also dictated by the fact that in Russia its domestic range of varieties is represented by only one modern cultivar obtained in the southern region and adapted, first of all, to it. For the Central zone of the country, the cultivars of this plant have not been developed (except for the limited experiments of I.V. Michurin conducted almost 100 years ago). Therefore, the breeding of adapted cultivars of the culture in the climatic conditions of this region may be promising. It is also possible to grow here (with shelter for the winter) the cultivars already created abroad that can give with the right agricultural technology a good industrial harvest, which is confirmed by the practice of amateur and farm gardening, as well as scientific research. The purpose of this work is to designate the leading directions of blackberry breeding, the most important in the conditions of Central Russia and to show prospects of the development of new cultivars of this valuable culture in the specified climatic zone. The analysis of world trends and experience in the blackberry breeding and variety study, as well as the results of our own research of the culture conducted in the Orel region, allow us to consider it promising and relevant to work on improving the range of varieties of this plant in Central Russia. All priority areas of blackberry breeding, indicated in foreign and domestic breeding programs (winter hardiness, high quality of fresh and processed fruit, the correct shape of berries, their large size, the necessary values of biochemical composition, high productivity of plants, thornless shoots and high resistance to diseases and pests), are relevant for this region of our country, while high winter hardiness is currently the most important of them.

scholarly journals Assessment of linear anionic polyacrylamide application to irrigation canals for seepage control

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamil Uribe ◽  
Rodrigo Figueroa ◽  
Luis Llanos
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Water Users ◽  
South Central ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Water Conveyance ◽  
Effect Duration ◽  
Anionic Polyacrylamide

South- central area of Chile area has a Mediterranean climate and high crop water requirements. Irrigation water is distributed through long channels which have low water conveyance efficiency (Ec), difficult to improve by conventional techniques. The objective of this study was to quantify Ec and to evaluate the use of Linear Anionic Polyacrylamide (LA-PAM) to reduce seepage losses. The study was carried out in south-central area of Chile, (UTM Coordinate N 5745000; E 725000 m, datum is WGS-84, zone 18S) in 250 km of channels whose flow varied between 0.12 and 24.6 m3 s–1. Water users indicated channel reaches with potential low Ec, which were selected for LA-PAM application. In 11 reaches between 0.51 and 3 km in length, 1 to 3 LAPAM applications were performed at rates of 10 kg ha–1, considering the wet perimeter area as basis of calculation. Thirty-one LA-PAM applications were performed over a 30.5 km length. Most of the channels were large enough to allow motorboat moving against the current to carry-out LA-PAM application. Water flow was measured (StreamPro ADCP) at both ends of selected reaches before and after granular LAPAM application. Weekly measurements were made to quantify treatment effect duration. Water turbidity and temperature were measured. Channels showed variable Ec from 87% to 94%. Two reaches showed 6% water gains. In more than 80% cases LA-PAM effect was positive, achieving loss reductions of 15 to 760 L s–1. In other cases LA-PAM had a negative effect since it mainly affected water entry into the channel. It was determined that field conditions referred by users as indicators of Ec are not always correct and vary in time according to climatic conditions. Ec was estimated and it was possible to reduce seepage through LA-PAM applications. This allow increasing irrigation security in critical periods, especially under drought conditions.

scholarly journals Climate influence on yield and grain quality of triticale varieties in the Volga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Tatiana Alexandrovna Goryanina ◽  
Anatoly Mikhailovich Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Excess Moisture ◽  
Winter Crops

  The research was carried out in 2002-2018 on the fields of breeding crop rotation of the Samara research Institute, located in the Central zone of the Samara region. 24 varieties of winter triticale were studied. The aim of the work is to establish the influence of climatic conditions on the yield and quality of triticale grain. During the study period, the trends of climate change were revealed: the increase in air temperature in the spring-summer period (April-June) by 0.23° C per year and during the sowing of winter crops (August-September) by 0.09° C per year. Quality of grain and bread, productivity depend on climatic conditions of vegetation. Excess moisture in the autumn and warm winters contribute to the appearance of rust pustules. Lack of precipitation in the summer period (may-June) was noted in 13 years out of 17 studied (11.4-74.7% of the norm). The yield is significantly influenced by the conditions of vegetation in the spring and summer (SCC April-June) r=0.63 * * ±0.15. The appearance of rust pustules was decisively influenced by the conditions of the autumn period and overwintering. Anti-nutrient substances, 5-alkylresorcinols, to a large extent accumulate at high temperatures in the autumn (r=0.73* * ±0.13) and with prolonged snow cover (r=0.56*±0.18). Indicators of quality of bread improve at sufficient height of a snow cover (r=0,28 ... 0,50*) and long spring-summer vegetation (r=-0,51*...-0,62**), and at a large amount of precipitation during may-June decrease (r=-0,28...-0,46). Analysis of the results indicates the need for stabilization of high-quality grain production in the region to create drought-resistant and precocious varieties of triticale.

scholarly journals Effect of Treatment of Vaginal Infection on Quality of Sexual Life – A Study from Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 1984-1990
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Alahverdi ◽  
Masoomeh Kheirkhah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Duration Of Infection

BACKGROUND Several factors affect the quality of sexual life. Vaginitis may impair the quality of life and lowers the self-esteem of a woman by distorting the mental image of her body. So far, no study has been done on the effectiveness of vaginitis treatment on the quality of sexual life. Therefore, considering the importance of quality of sexual life in family relationships, the present study was designed and conducted to determine the effects of vulvovaginitis treatment on women’s quality of sexual life. METHODS This experimental study was conducted on patients visiting Imam Sajjad Hospital in Shahriyar from 2017 to 2018. The Inclusion criteria in the study were as follows: having one of the vaginal infections, i.e., Candidiasis, Gardnerella, or mixed infection (both Candidiasis and Gardnerella) diagnosed by a specialist. The subjects filled in the quality of sexual life questionnaires before treatment and 2 months after the treatment. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 16 with paired t - test, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), analysis of variance, and multiple regression test. The P - value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS In each of the three groups (candidiasis, Gardnerella, and mixed infection), the quality of sexual life differed before and after treatment, therefore the treatment improved the patients’ quality of life significantly. Mean and standard deviation of the quality of sexual life in Candidiasis group before and after treatments were 68.97 ± 19.59 and 75.82 ± 8.46 respectively; in Gardnerella group: 69.28 ± 19.04, 14.14 ± 72.15, and in the mixed group, they were 66.59 ± 18.91, 71.61 ± 13.47 respectively. In all three groups, the components of personal feelings and sexual life before and after treatment were different (P < 0.001). The regression test proved the effects of such variables as education, body mass index (BMI) and duration of infection on the quality of sexual life (P < 0.05), and the greatest effect was related to the duration of infection with a coefficient of - 0.342. CONCLUSIONS After treating the vaginal infections, these women's quality of sexual life improved. As a result, it can be concluded that the diagnosis and treatment of the disease can enhance the quality of sexual life. KEY WORDS Quality of Life, Quality of Sexual Life, Vaginitis, Treatment

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

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