scholarly journals ACTUALIZACIÓN SOBRE ASPECTOS OXIDATIVOS DEL EFECTO DEL GLIFOSATO EN SISTEMAS BIOLÓGICOS/ AN UPDATE ON THE EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE ON THE OXIDATIVE STATE IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

Biotecnia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Ostera ◽  
Gabriela Malanga ◽  
Susana Puntarulo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Estrés Oxidativo ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Oxidative State ◽  
True Dimension ◽  
Oxidative Effect

El glifosato es un herbicida de amplio espectro que se utiliza para el control de malezas en cultivos de interés agrí- cola; genera la muerte del organismo blanco afectando su capacidad de sintetizar proteínas esenciales para la supervivencia. El glifosato inhibe la enzima 5 enolpiruvilshikimato- 3-fosfato sintasa que forma parte de la vía metabólica de producción de aminoácidos aromáticos, ya que se comporta como un análogo de un sustrato de dicha enzima. Se han presentado evidencias que indican que el glifosato y sus formulaciones comerciales generan situaciones de estrés oxidativo en cianobacterias, microalgas y plantas superiores no blanco de este herbicida. Sin embargo, la verdadera dimensión de la magnitud del efecto oxidativo generado por la exposición al herbicida, aún es materia de deliberación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es resumir la información disponible sobre el metabolismo y la participación del estrés oxidativo en la toxicidad del glifosato en sistemas biológicos. El conocimiento de los riesgos ambientales generados por el uso del glifosato ayudará a evitar daños irrecuperables tanto en plantas como en animales al emplear el herbicida. ABSTRACT Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used for weed control in crops of agricultural interest. This herbicide causes the death of the target by affecting their ability to synthesize proteins essential for survival. The activity of the 5-enolpiruvilshikimato-3-phosphate synthase enzyme, which is part of the metabolic pathway for production of aromatic amino acids, is inhibited by the glyphosate that behaves as an analogue of the second substrate (phosphoenolpyruvate). There is evidence that indicate glyphosate (and its formulations) produce oxidative stress in cyanobacteria, microalgae and no-target higher plants. However, the true dimension of the magnitude of the oxidative effect generated by the exposure is still a matter of discussion. The objective of the present study is to summarize the available information on the metabolism and the involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity of glyphosate on biological systems. Increasing the awareness of the environmental risks generated by the use of glyphosate will help to avoid unrecoverable damage to both, plants and animals during herbicide handling.

Effect of post-training and post-match antioxidants on oxidative stress and inflammation in professional soccer players (Efecto de los antioxidantes post-entrenamiento y post-partido sobre el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación en jugadores profesionales d

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 996-1004
Author(s):  
Antonio Molina López ◽  
Eleazar Lara Padilla ◽  
Heliodoro Moya Amaya ◽  
Daniel Rojano Ortega ◽  
Antonio Jesús Berral Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Estrés Oxidativo ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Soccer Team ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Oxidative Effect ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

  The objective of this study was to determine if the addition of post-activity antioxidants is a useful strategy for improving the specific analytical parameters related to oxidative stress and inflammation. The study was carried out in an Italian Serie A soccer team, between October, 2019 and January, 2020. In October, the measurements were carried out on the players without having taken post-activity antioxidant supplementation. The intervention period corresponded from the end of October to the beginning of January, a period in which post- activity antioxidants were supplemented. The results obtained confirmed that the players who took antioxidants during the intervention period in the form of a mixture of a natural pineapple smoothie with a concentrate of tart cherry, pomegranate, black currant and beet in stick form, significantly improved the parameters associated with oxidative stress, although a significant improvement in the parameters related to inflammation was not observed. The use of antioxidants for a period of seventy days is a post-activity intervention strategy that can be considered effective for improving the reduction of parameters related to the oxidative effect derived from the practice of physical exercise at a professional level in soccer, although more studies are needed to determine the anti-inflammatory effect.  Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si la inclusión de antioxidantes post-actividad es una estrategia útil para mejorar los parámetros analíticos específicos relacionados con el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un equipo de fútbol de la Serie A italiana, entre octubre de 2019 y enero de 2020. En octubre, las mediciones se llevaron a cabo en los jugadores sin haber tomado la suplementación antioxidante post-actividad. El periodo de intervención correspondió desde finales de octubre hasta principios de enero, periodo en el que se suplementaron los antioxidantes post-actividad. Los resultados obtenidos confirmaron que los jugadores que tomaron antioxidantes durante el periodo de intervención en forma de una mezcla de un licuado de piña natural con un concentrado de cereza ácida, granada, grosella negra y remolacha en forma de stick, mejoraron significativamente los parámetros asociados al estrés oxidativo, aunque no se observó una mejora significativa en los parámetros relacionados con la inflamación. El uso de antioxidantes durante un periodo de setenta días es una estrategia de intervención post-actividad que puede considerarse eficaz para mejorar la reducción de los parámetros relacionados con el efecto oxidativo derivado de la práctica de ejercicio físico a nivel profesional en el fútbol, aunque se necesitan más estudios para determinar el efecto antiinflamatorio.

scholarly journals Antioxidants of Natural Products

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Mee Ree Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Species ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Antioxidant ingredients are known to contribute to the beneficial effects of natural products in health promotion as well as disease prevention by reducing oxidative stress, caused by reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, in biological systems [...]

Tryptophan: antioxidant or target of oxidative stress? A quantum chemistry elucidation

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (99) ◽  
pp. 56128-56131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Perez-Gonzalez ◽  
L. Muñoz-Rugeles ◽  
J. R. Alvarez-Idaboy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Quantum Chemistry ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Free Molecule

Not a good antioxidant as a free molecule. Not a particularly easy target of common ROS in biological systems.

scholarly journals Visualizing Cancer Cell Metabolic Dynamics Regulated With Aromatic Amino Acids Using DO-SRS and 2PEF Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Bagheri ◽  
Khang Hoang ◽  
Anthony A. Fung ◽  
Sahran Hussain ◽  
Lingyan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Oxidative imbalance plays an essential role in the progression of many diseases that include cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Aromatic amino acids (AAA) such as phenylalanine and tryptophan have the capability of escalating oxidative stress because of their involvement in the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Here, we use D2O (heavy water) probed stimulated Raman scattering microscopy (DO-SRS) and two Photon Excitation Fluorescence (2PEF) microscopy as a multimodal imaging approach to visualize metabolic changes in HeLa cells under excess AAA such as phenylalanine or trytophan in culture media. The cellular spatial distribution of de novo lipogenesis, new protein synthesis, NADH, Flavin, unsaturated lipids, and saturated lipids were all imaged and quantified in this experiment. Our studies reveal ∼10% increase in de novo lipogenesis and the ratio of NADH to flavin, and ∼50% increase of the ratio of unsaturated lipids to saturated lipid in cells treated with excess phenylalanine or trytophan. In contrast, these cells exhibited a decrease in the protein synthesis rate by ∼10% under these AAA treatments. The cellular metabolic activities of these biomolecules are indicators of elevated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, 3D reconstruction images of lipid droplets were acquired and quantified to observe their spatial distribution around cells’ nuceli under different AAA culture media. We observed a higher number of lipid droplets in excess AAA conditions. Our study showcases that DO-SRS imaging can be used to quantitatively study how excess AAA regulates metabolic activities of cells with subcellular resolution in situ.

scholarly journals Micronutrientes antioxidantes y actividad física: evidencias de las necesidades de ingesta a partir de las nuevas tecnologías de evaluación y estudio del estrés oxidativo en el deporte (Antioxidant micronutrients and physical activity: evidences of dietar

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Ernesto De la Cruz Sánchez ◽  
José Pino Ortega ◽  
María Isabel Moreno Conteras ◽  
María Cañadas Alonso ◽  
Jorge Ruiz-Risueño Abab
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Estrés Oxidativo ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements

Los micronutrientes son componentes minoritarios pero esenciales de nuestra dieta. Actualmente existe una creencia en los países occidentales desarrollada y apoyada por evidencias científicas que supone que el consumo de ciertos micronutrientes previene importantes problemas de salud. Se alude a un fenómeno conocido como estrés oxidativo, que es causa de envejecimiento y degeneración celular y que puede ser contrarrestado mediante el consumo regular de micronutrientes antioxidantes. En concreto, entre el amplio colectivo de personas que practican deporte, esta creencia está muy extendida y arraigada y las ventas de determinados productos se han disparado en las dos últimas décadas, suponiendo un gran mercado de consumo para las empresas del sector; de hecho es frecuente encontrar en la mayoría de los centros deportivos y gimnasios de nuestras ciudades algún estante en el que se exhiben para su venta complementos nutricionales que contienen productos antioxidantes que prometen mejorar la salud y el rendimiento… El presente trabajo pretende responder a la cuestión acerca de la necesidad o conveniencia de emplear suplementos nutricionales antioxidantes para mejorar la salud de las personas que practican deporte de forma regular.Abstract: Micronutrients are minority but essential components of our diet. Nowadays a belief exists in the western countries developed and supported by scientific evidences that it supposes that the consumption of certain micronutrients prevents serious health problems. One alludes to a phenomenon known as oxidative stress, that is a reason of aging and cell degeneration and that can be offset by means of the regular consumption antioxidant micronutrients. In fact, among the wide group of persons who practise sport, this belief is very widespread and deep-rooted and the sales of certain products have gone off in last two decades, supposing a great consumer market for the companies of the sector; of fact it’s frequent to find in the majority of the sports centers of our cities some shelf in which there show themselves to sale nutritional complements that contain antioxidant products that promise to improve the health and performance … the present work tries to answer to the question brings over of the need or convenience of using nutritional antioxidant supplements to improve the health of the persons who practise sport.

scholarly journals Phenylalanine and Tyrosine as Exogenous Precursors of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Secondary Metabolism through PAL-Associated Pathways

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Feduraev ◽  
Liubov Skrypnik ◽  
Anastasiia Riabova ◽  
Artem Pungin ◽  
Elina Tokupova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Number Of Genes

Reacting to environmental exposure, most higher plants activate secondary metabolic pathways, such as the metabolism of phenylpropanoids. This pathway results in the formation of lignin, one of the most important polymers of the plant cell, as well as a wide range of phenolic secondary metabolites. Aromatic amino acids, such as phenylalanine and tyrosine, largely stimulate this process, determining two ways of lignification in plant tissues, varying in their efficiency. The current study analyzed the effect of phenylalanine and tyrosine, involved in plant metabolism through the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) pathway, on the synthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds, as well as lignin by means of the expression of a number of genes responsible for its biosynthesis, based on the example of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Cyclophosphamide induces a significant increase in iron content in the liver and spleen of mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 973-983
Author(s):  
Y Sheng ◽  
Y-J Chen ◽  
Z-M Qian ◽  
J Zheng ◽  
Y Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Iron Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Iron Responsive Element ◽  
Ferroportin 1 ◽  
Tissue Iron ◽  
Transferrin Receptor 1 ◽  
Responsive Element ◽  
Available Information

Objective: Oxidative stress is one of the major mechanisms of cyclophosphamide (CPX)-induced toxicities. However, it is unknown how CPX induces oxidative stress. Based on the available information, we speculated that CPX could increase iron content in the tissues and then induce oxidative stress. Method: We tested this hypothesis by investigating the effects of CPX on iron and ferritin contents, expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), ferroportin 1 (Fpn1), iron regulatory proteins (IRPs), hepcidin, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in the liver and spleen, and also on reticulocyte count, immature reticulocyte fraction, and hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood in c57/B6 mouse. Results: We demonstrated that CPX could induce a significant increase in iron contents and ferritin expression in the liver and spleen, notably inhibit erythropoiesis and Hb synthesis and lead to a reduction in iron usage. The reduced expression in TfR1 and Fpn1 is a secondary effect of CPX-induced iron accumulation in the liver and spleen and also partly associated with the suppressed IRP/iron-responsive element system, upregulation of hepcidin, and downregulation of Nrf2. Conclusions: The reduced iron usage is one of the causes for iron overload in the liver and spleen and the increased tissue iron might be one of the mechanisms for CPX to induce oxidative stress and toxicities.

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