scholarly journals Clinical Observation of Early Tracheotomy in the Treatment of Craniocerebral Trauma

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Chengdi Hu
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Early Group ◽  
Early Tracheotomy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Severe Craniocerebral Trauma

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical effect of early tracheotomy in treatment of severe craniocerebral trauma. <strong>Method: </strong>42 patients of 24 h with traumatic brain injury before tracheotomy were treated as early group, 39 patients with 24 h trauma after tracheotomy were treated as conventional group. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tracheotomy tubes were used on all the patients. <strong>Results</strong><strong>: </strong>The treatment time in the early group was significantly shorter than the conventional group. The mortality and the incidence of adverse reactions were significantly lower than that of the conventional group, and the difference was significant between the groups (<em>p </em>&lt; 0.05). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The efficacy and prognosis of early tracheotomy in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, surgical treatment are good and it is worthy of clinical application.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>

Endocrine abnormalities in severe traumatic brain injury —a cue to prognosis in severe craniocerebral trauma?

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hackl ◽  
M. Gottardis ◽  
Ch. Wieser ◽  
E. Rumpl ◽  
Ch. Stadler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Severe Craniocerebral Trauma

scholarly journals Six-year analysis of traumatic injuries of the craniomaxillofacial area: relation between maxillofacial and traumatic brain injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
E. Shuminsky ◽  
◽  
A. Kopchak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Panfacial Fractures

Summary. Craniofacial trauma is one of the most difficult types of injuries. There is disagreement among various authors about the relationship between maxillofacial trauma (MFT) and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Purpose. Retrospectively evaluate the epidemiology of traumatic injuries of the craniomaxillofacial area and determine whether there is a relationship between different isolated or combined fractures of the facial bones and brain damage. Materials and methods. The case histories of three groups of patients with isolated fractures of the mandible (I group), isolated fractures of the midface zone (II group) and combined fractures of all areas of the face (III group), who were hospitalized in the period from 2012 to 2017, were analyzed. The main epidemiological indicators were determined. The analysis of indicators of severity of MFT and TBI is carried out. Correlation analysis of indicators, analysis using the Kruskal- Wallis test and Steel-Dwass test for pairwise comparisons was performed. Results. Were treated519 patients. 457 men (88 %) and 62 women (12 %). The main causes of injuries were assaults (40 %). Correlation analysis did not reveal the dependence of MFT and TBI. The difference in severity of isolated fractures of the mandible and midface bones was statistically significant, and there is a statistical significance between the severity of TBI in case of isolated fractures of midface bones and panfacial fractures (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The severity of maxillofacial trauma in the case of panfacial fractures is on average 3 times higher than in the case of isolated fractures of the lower jaw or midface bones. The severity of TBI is largely consistent with concussion in all groups, but in the group with panfacial fractures, the median rate is lower comparing to other groups. Key words: Glasgow coma scale, fracture, Le Fort, traumatic brain injury

scholarly journals Disability as a result of craniocerebral trauma in Russia: actuality and forecasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Borisov ◽  
Valeriya A. Bondar ◽  
M. M. Kanarskiy ◽  
Julia Y. Nekrasova ◽  
Dmitriy S. Yankevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Federal State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization, injuries take first place among the causes of death among the population under 40 years of age. In the Russian Federation, in 2019, death from external causes, including injuries, was in third place in all deaths. Among the causes of disability first place. Mortality from severe traumatic brain injury is over 70%. The most common cause of disability and mortality is head injuries. Annually, 1.5 million people die from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the world, and 2.4 million are disabled. According to the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution National Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, the annual damage from the head injury is estimated at 500 billion rubles. This is a serious socio-economic and state problem requiring complex and multidisciplinary intervention.

The use of laser therapy in the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-442
Author(s):  
A. Y. Vasiliev ◽  
A. N. Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Significant Mortality

The urgency of the problem of traumatic brain injury is explained by its increasing frequency, significant mortality and severity of the consequences. In the treatment of patients with traumatic brain injury, we used laser therapy. 182 patients with craniocerebral trauma of varying severity (men - 129, women - 53, age - 16-40 years) were treated in the intensive care and neurosurgical departments.

scholarly journals Curative Effect of Early Full Nursing Combined with Postdischarge Continuation Nursing on Patients after Craniocerebral Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Lv ◽  
Fengxia Lv ◽  
Guimei Yin ◽  
Ju Yi ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Speed Up

Early full nursing helps patients with some dysfunctions speed up the reorganization of central nervous system functions and coordinate muscle and limb activities. Postdischarge continuation nursing for patients who have not fully recovered after being discharged from the hospital can transfer nursing work from the hospital to the family to meet their nursing needs. In this study, early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing was used for patients with traumatic brain injury to explore its efficacy and its impact on patients' motor function, quality of life, and complications. The results of the study show that the total effective rate of the observation group (95.92%) was higher than that of the control group (85.71%). At discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge, the upper limb Fugl-Meyer score, lower limb Fugl-Meyer score, ARAT score, FIM score, 4 dimensions of GQOLI-74 score, and Barthel index scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group in the same period. The postoperative complication rate (10.20%) of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (26.53%). Early full nursing combined with postdischarge continuation nursing can improve the rehabilitation effect, effectively promote the recovery of motor function in patients with traumatic brain injury, improve the quality of life, and reduce postoperative complications.

scholarly journals The preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in severe traumatic brain injury patients who have undergone surgery: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qilin Tang ◽  
Xiang Wu ◽  
Weiji Weng ◽  
Hongpeng Li ◽  
Junfeng Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
The Difference

BackgroundParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) results and aggravates in secondary brain injury, which seriously affects the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury patients. Although several studies have focused on the treatment of PSH, few have concentrated on its prevention.MethodsNinety post-operation (post-op) severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) patients admitted from October 2014 to April 2016 were chosen to participate in this study. Fifty of the post-op sTBI patients were sedated with dexmedetomidine and were referred as the “dexmedetomidine group” (admitted from May 2015 to April 2016). The other 40 patients (admitted from October 2014 to May 2015) received other sedations and were referred as the “control group.” The two groups were then compared based on their PSH scores and the scores and ratios of those patients who met the criteria of “probable,” “possible” and “unlikely” using the PSH assessment measure (PSH-AM) designed by Baguley et al. (2014). The durations of the neurosurgery intensive care unit (NICU) and hospital stays and the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) values for the two groups were also compared to evaluate the therapeutic effects and the patients’ prognosis.ResultsThe overall PSH score for the dexmedetomidine group was 5.26 ± 4.66, compared with 8.58 ± 8.09 for the control group. The difference between the two groups’ PSH scores was significant (P = 0.017). The score of the patients who met the criterion of “probable” was 18.33 ± 1.53 in the dexmedetomidine group and 22.63 ± 2.97 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.045). The ratio of patients who were classified as “unlikely” between the two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.028); that is, 42 (84%) in the dexmedetomidine group and 25 (62.5%) in the control group. The differences in NICU, hospital stays and GOS values between the two groups were not significant.ConclusionDexmedetomidine has a preventive effect on PSH in sTBI patients who have undergone surgery.

A-103 Examining Self-Awareness in Acute Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1152-1152
Author(s):  
Vanessa Watorek ◽  
Susan Shwartz ◽  
Chelsea Day
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objective Following acquired brain injury (ABI), self-awareness of deficits is frequently diminished. A review of the literature suggests most investigations of self-awareness following ABI have been in traumatic brain injury (TBI) populations, with emerging research in those with stroke (e.g., Al Banna et al., 2016). Therefore, this study examined self-awareness across diagnoses, neuroanatomical correlates, and demographics. Method Participants included 82 patients (TBI n = 59 and stroke n = 23) from an inpatient ABI unit. Patients, neuropsychologists, and family members completed the Awareness Questionnaire (AQ). The difference between patient-clinician or patient-family total score was examined, with scores &gt;20 suggestive of impaired self-awareness. Results Participants with left-hemisphere (LH) injury endorsed higher functioning (Patient Total) compared to those with right or bilateral injury, p 0.05. However, there was greater difference scores between those with TBI compared to stroke on patient-clinician total cognitive scores t(80) = 2.125, p = 0.037 and patient-family behavioral/affective total scores t(15.86) = 4.045, p &lt; 0.001 such that those with TBI’s were more aware of their deficits. Regarding demographics, level of education predicted level of patient awareness, but no demographic factors predicted the overall difference score. Conclusions Individuals with LH injury may be more prone to reduced awareness than expected. Additionally, specific domains of functioning may be more useful in examining awareness deficits across diagnostic groups than overall scores.

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