scholarly journals The Effects of pH-Neutral Electrolysed Oxidising Water on Growth and Development of Chrysanthemums

Agricultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Andrej Šušek ◽  
Klara Copot ◽  
Metka Šiško
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Aboveground Part ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Test Plants

The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of pH-neutral electrolysed oxidising water (pH-neutral EOW), prepared by using the Envirolyte® system, on the growth and development of chrysanthemums. The experiment included two varieties of potted ('Tonka Blanc', 'Jahou CoCo') and two cut flower varieties of chrysanthemums ('Annecy White', 'Ninja'). The test plants planted in pots were irrigated with three different solutions of pH-neutral EOW (0%, 0.1% and 0.2%). Based on the results of the study, we can confirm that pH-neutral EOW has a significant effect on the growth and development of the studied chrysanthemum varieties. In potted chrysanthemums, we found a significant effect on the increased number and diameter of inflorescences, as well as fresh and dried weight of the plant and inflorescences. Chrysanthemums for cut flowers were taller and more developed, with a greater weight of the aboveground part of the plant. Its effect on the growth and development of the studied varieties depended on the solution of the mixture. Best results were observed with the 0.2% solution of pH-neutral EOW.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and calcium fertilization on the growth and development of gerbera cultivated in pots for cut flowers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Milani ◽  
Elisandra Maria Pradella ◽  
Willian Heintze ◽  
Gilmar Schafer ◽  
Renar João Bender
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Calcium Fertilization ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT Gerbera is a flowering species with relevance to the cut flower market. Understanding nutritional requirements of the species is important to improve fertilization procedures. In the present work, our objective was to evaluate the influence of different doses of nitrogen (N) and calcium (Ca) on the growth and development of gerbera cultivated in pots as a cut flower. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in a bifactorial design, with an additional treatment consisting of the combination of three N (0.07, 0.15 and 0.2 g L-1 substrate) and Ca (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 g L-1 substrate) doses applied every 15 days. Control plants were not supplemented with either N or Ca. No significant interaction between N and Ca doses was observed. The highest number of flower stalks was obtained with 0.15 g N L-1 substrate and 0.04 g Ca L-1 substrate. Flower diameter, plant leaf area and total chlorophyll contents were at a maximum of 0.14 g N L-1 substrate and 0.04 g Ca L-1 substrate. N and Ca doses influenced in an independent manner the growth and development of gerberas as a cut flower cultivated in pots, and we determined that its fertilization should occur every 15 days with 0.34 g N L-1 substrate and 0.04 g Ca L-1 substrate.

Contract Growing for the Export-oriented Cut Flowers Industry in Turkey

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 531a-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin G. Brumfield ◽  
Burhan Ozkan ◽  
Osman Karagüzel
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Insight Into

Thirty cut flower businesses were surveyed in 1997 to examine the production structure and main problems of export-oriented contract growing in Turkey. The survey was conducted in Antalya province, which is the center of export-oriented cut flower production in Turkey. The results of the research provided insight into how Turkish cut flower-contracted growers were managing some of the key areas of their operations. The study also provided the opportunity for growers to highlight their concerns about contract growing for export-oriented cut flower production. The survey showed that contract growers do not use specific performance indicators relevant to cut flower production. The product price received by the contract growers was determined by the export companies. These export companies receive flowers from growers mainly on consignment. After exporting the products, exporters periodically pay the grower, subtracting a commission for their services and other marketing expenses. Contract growers are essentially price takers in the transactions. The business procedure from production to price setting and marketing was not in the hands of the contract growers. Therefore, the trading risks are essentially borne by the contract growers. The main concerns raised by contract growers were the current consignment system, cost of the plant materials, and the late payment for the sold products.

scholarly journals Understanding preferences of German flower consumers: the desire for sustained beauty

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-576
Author(s):  
Meike Rombach ◽  
Nicole Widmar ◽  
Elizabeth Byrd ◽  
Vera Bitsch
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Best Worst Scaling

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide insights for flower retailers, horticultural practitioners and marketing managers into the prioritisation of cut flower attributes by German residents.Design/methodology/approachApplying a best–worst scaling approach, this analysis identified the relative ranking of importance amongst product attributes relevant to German consumers when buying fresh cut flowers. A latent class analysis determined four flower consumer segments for further study. The study builds on a sample of 978 consumers and is consistent with the most recent German census in terms of age, gender, income and federal state.FindingsThe best-worst analysis showed that intrinsic flower attributes, in particular appearance, freshness and scent were found to be more important to German consumers than the extrinsic attributes studied, namely, price, country of origin and a certification indicating fair trade. The latent class analysis determined four consumer segments that desire either budget, luxury or ethical flowers or more information about flowers. For all identified consumer segments, appearance was the attribute of greatest importance. The segments that desired luxury or ethical flowers, as well as the segment that desires more information were interested in appearance, but also had relatively large shares of preferences dedicated to flower freshness guarantees. The preference for freshness guarantees in addition to appearance may be interpreted jointly as a desire for not only beautiful and aesthetically pleasing flowers, but for sustained beauty.Originality/valueInternationally, the study fills a research gap by exploring consumer’s relative preference for cut flower attributes. In contrast to existing studies on consumer preferences for flowers in Germany, the present study builds on a sample that was targeted in terms of age, gender, net household income and federal state to the most recent German census.

scholarly journals Identification of Xylem Occlusions Occurring in CutClematis(ClematisL., fam.RanunculaceaeJuss.) Stems during Their Vase Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jedrzejuk ◽  
Julia Rochala ◽  
Jacek Zakrzewski ◽  
Julita Rabiza-Świder
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Bacterial Development ◽  
Growth Formation ◽  
New Treatments

During the vase life of cut stems obstruction of xylem vessels occurs due to microbial growth, formation of tyloses, deposition of materials in the lumen of xylem vessels and the presence of air emboli in the vascular system. Such obstructions may restrict water uptake and its transport towards upwards thus lowering their ornamental value and longevity of cut flowers.Clematisis a very attractive plant material which may be used as cut flower in floral compositions. Nothing is known about the histochemical or cytological nature of xylem blockages occurring in cut stems of this plant. This study shows that inclematis, tyloses are the main source of occlusions, although bacteria and some amorphic substances may also appear inside the vessels. A preservative composed of 200 mg dm−38-HQC (8-hydroxyquinolin citrate) and 2% sucrose arrested bacterial development and the growth of tyloses. This information can be helpful in the development of new treatments to improve keeping qualities of cutclematisstems.

scholarly journals Influência da vernalização de semente na produção, crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de lisianthus

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Yumbla-Orbes ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa ◽  
Wagner Campos Otoni ◽  
Marcel Santos Montezano ◽  
José Antônio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
And Control

Flowering induction and control is a limiting factor when commercially producing cut flowers of lisianthus and seed exposure to low temperatures, a physiological event called vernalization, induces the differentiation of vegetative buds to reproductive buds, contributing to a flowering that is uniform and has quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of seed vernalization in three cultivars of lisianthus (Excalibur, Echo and Mariachi) for 12, 24, 36 and 48 days at temperatures of 5, 10 and 15°C, in the production and quality of buds, making this technology feasible to large-scale production. During cultivation it was observed that the lower the temperature and higher the vernalization period, the lower the cycle and the greater the number of plants induced to flowering for all three cultivars, and those are important features in the context of flower production in a commercial scale. The seeds subjected to vernalization originated plants that produce flower stems within the standards required by the market, showing that vernalization was efficient to induce flowering without affecting the quality of the buds. To produce lisianthus as a cut flower of quality, it is recommended seed vernalization of Mariachi and Echo cultivars for 24 days at 5°C and Excalibur for 36 days at 5°C.

scholarly journals Reuse of Treated Municipal Wastewater from Constructed Wetlands for Cut Flowers Irrigation in Aeroponic Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Leonardo Vera-Puerto ◽  
Jorge Leonardo Olave-Vera ◽  
Sussy Tapia ◽  
Wladimir Antonio Chávez ◽  
Carlos Arias
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

The aim of this work is to evaluate the reuse of municipal wastewaters treated through subsurface constructed wetlands (SS-CWs) as irrigation water in cut flower aeroponic cultivation under arid conditions. For this purpose, two experimental aeroponic cultivation systems were installed with the cut flower Lilium ‘Tresor’ planted and irrigated with SS-CWs treated water. The results showed that the quality of the SS-CWs wastewater has to be improved to be used in irrigation. Despite that, Lilium ‘Tresor’ grew under arid conditions with normal stem diameters and number of flowers but with heights under 0.65 m, which would restrict their commercialization to local markets. Water electrical conductivity (> 2300 µs/cm) and luminosity (> 120 klux) were factors that affected plant height. When compared to other cultivation systems, the aeroponic cultivation system used between 10 % and 20 % of the amount of water needed to produce Lilium ‘Tresor.’ Thus, this work showed the feasibility to produce cut flowers using an aeroponic cultivation system under arid conditions and irrigated with SS-CWs effluents. Likewise, it was detected that improvements to water quality and luminosity must be made for industrial scaling.

scholarly journals FIELD-GROWN CUT FLOWERS: AN ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS FOR PRODUCTION IN THE OZARKS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 659d-659
Author(s):  
Gloria McIntosh ◽  
Gerald Klingaman
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Response ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
Celosia Cristata ◽  
Number Of Stems

Several cut flower species were studied to determine their feasibility for cut flower production. Three fertilizer treatments (0.5, .1, and .15kg/m2 respectively) were used and their effect on number of stems, stem length and fresh weight were determined. Celosia cristata and Ageratum houstonianum `Blue Horizon' proved to respond best to fertilizer treatments. Celosia fertilized at a rate of .15kg/m2 will produce approximately 200 stems/m2. Ageratum will produce appoximately 400 stems/m2 when fertilized at a rate of .10kg/m2. Fertlizer rates of .10 and .15 kg/m2 for Eustoma culture yielded 86 stems/m2, which was lower than other species used in this test. Extended vase life and consumer response could possibly justify using this species in cut flower production. An economic break-even analysis will be presented to show what price will have to be received per stem to cover costs.

scholarly journals Irrigating Landscape Bedding Plants and Cut Flowers With Recycled Nursery Runoff and Constructed Wetland Treated Water

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Michael A. Arnold ◽  
Bruce J. Lesikar ◽  
Garry V. McDonald ◽  
Donita L. Bryan ◽  
Amit Gross
Keyword(s):  
Warm Season ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Nursery Runoff ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Water Treatments

Abstract Direct nursery runoff (runoff), wetland treated recycled nursery runoff (recycled), and a municipal water source (tap) with and without elevated salt (NaCl targeted injection to 3.0 dS·m−1) levels were tested as potential drip irrigation sources for production of in-ground cut flower crops and landscape bedding plants. Two species of cut flowers, Helianthus annuus L. ‘Mammoth’ (sunflower) and Gladiolus hortulanus L. ‘Tout A Toi’ (gladiolus), and two bedding plants, Catharanthus roseus G. Don ‘Pacifica Red’ (vinca) and Zinnia elegans N.J. von Jacquin ‘Lilliput Mixed Colors’ (zinnia), were established in trial beds irrigated with the four water treatments during the summer of 2001 as a warm season experiment. A second experiment was conducted from November 2001 to May 2002 to investigate growth and flowering responses of two species of cut flower crops [Consolida ambigua (L.) P Ball & V Heywood (larkspur) and Narcissus tazetta L. ‘Galilea’ (paperwhite narcissus)] and two bedding plants [Antirrhinum majus L. ‘Montego Mix’ (snapdragons) and Viola × wittrockiana H. Gams ‘Crown Mix’ (pansies)]. Marketable crops of sunflower, paperwhite narcissus, and larkspur were produced with all four water treatments. Direct nursery runoff, recycled wetland treated water, and NaCl spiked water that were high in soluble salts during the heat of summer reduced yield and inflorescence diameter with sunflowers, but only slightly reduced inflorescence quality and had no effect on yield of paperwhite narcissus. These three treatments also affected stand density, but not yield of cut larkspur inflorescences in the cool season. Irrigation with water containing elevated NaCl levels reduced flower counts on pansies and growth indices on pansies and snapdragons over much of the growing season, but reduced snapdragon flowering only in spring. Vinca was unaffected by the irrigation treatments. Zinnia survival and flowering were reduced or delayed by irrigation with recycled or elevated NaCl water.

scholarly journals Estimation of consumers demand functions of cut-flowers products: A case study of Pakistani, Punjab

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
High Preference ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up

The objective of this study was to estimate purchase frequency of the selected cut-flower items and demand functions in Punjab and Pakistan. Simple random sampling technique was employed to collect primary data from 120 consumers using a well-structured and field pretested questionnaire during the year 2012-13. The results of the findings revealed that the average price was the highest in case of flowers stage decoration (Rs. 9546), followed by jewelry set (Rs. 677), flower basket (Rs. 394), mala (Rs. 334,), bouquets (Rs. 259), garland (Rs. 41), and gajjra (Rs. 21). Most of the selected consumers (61%) occasionally purchased flowers. The reason of occasionally purchasing was that mostly the consumers purchased the flowers at the occasions of various ceremonial days, i.e., Valentines Day, birth of baby, and death of a relative, etc. About 45% of the selected consumers preferred rose flower. The reasons of high preference for rose flowers were that this is a common flower, mostly grown in all areas of Pakistan and everyone is familiar to it. After rose the jasmine flower (27%) is preferred due to its attractive smell and fragrance, it is also a common flower and mostly grown in Pakistan. It is the national flower of Pakistan. The results of the demand function revealed that the variable of age was significant for the selected cut-flower items, but the variable of education of the consumers was insignificant in case of flowers car decoration. The consumers are restrained to decide about the rational price of the item purchased. There is a limited number of cut-flower shops. Majority of the shops are located in the rich areas of the cities. Common consumers are to travel long distances to purchase flower items. More retail flower shops should be set up by the local bodies in all parts of the cities. The market committees should standardize prices for cut-flower items for the benefit of consumers. Policy need to be designed to increase the demand of flowers by electronic and press media.

scholarly journals Consumer Preferences for Longevity Information and Guarantees on Cut Flower Arrangements

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia L. Rihn ◽  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
Charles Hall ◽  
Bridget K. Behe
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Linkage Cluster

Choice experiments were conducted to explore the market potential or value added when using longevity information and guarantees on cut flower arrangements in the retail setting. The objective of our study was to determine consumer preferences and willingness to pay for different vase life longevities and guarantees on cut flower arrangements. The choice experiment data were collected using online surveys with 525 U.S. consumers in July 2011. The choice experiment scenarios included single species or mixed species cut flower arrangements with varying vase life longevity (5 to 7 days, 8 to 10 days, 11 to 14 days), presence or absence of vase life longevity guarantee, personal or gift use, and price range ($7.99 to $11.99, $34.99 to $43.99). Two types of arrangements were used in the experiment, mixed arrangements consisting of different species of cut flowers and single-species arrangements consisting of six red roses plus a filler flower. We analyzed the data with a mixed logit model and Ward’s linkage cluster analysis. As expected, participants were willing to pay higher prices for cut flower arrangements with longer vase life longevity. The presence of a guarantee improved participants’ probability of selecting the corresponding cut flower arrangement. Using Ward’s linkage cluster analysis, we found there were three distinct consumer clusters: guarantee seekers (49% of the sample), value-conscious consumers (31%), and spenders (20%). Among the three clusters, guarantee seekers were more likely to select cut flower arrangements with guarantees. Value-conscious consumers were interested in both guarantees and longevity indicators. Spenders were least interested in longevity indicators and guarantees. We conclude floral retailers could successfully implement the use of longevity indicators and guarantees to increase consumer interest in cut flowers and generate profits. Target marketing strategies could then be developed by floral retailers to attract different consumer clusters.

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