scholarly journals Nutritional status of children under age five in Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 18391-18403
Author(s):  
Eunice Nguungwan Seer-Uke ◽  
◽  
ES Samuel ◽  
ME Agajah ◽  
VT Ikpato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

This study aimed at determining the nutritional status of under-five children or pupils in Benue State. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting and BMI for age of under-five children or pupils in Benue State. The participants for this study were three hundred and forty (340) under-five children or pupils who were sampled from the Early Childcare Centres (ECCs) across the primary schools in selected Local Government Areas of Benue State using multistage sampling technique consisting of three rural local government areas and three urban local government areas. Participants’ stature and body mass were measured in accordance with the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. The body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants was derived as a ratio of weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters) squared (kg/m2) and was expressed in standard deviation unit. The frequency and percentages were adopted in analyzing the prevalence of stunting, wasting and BMI. The WHO Anthroplus Software (version 3.2.2) was used to compute the under-five nutritional status which was categorized based on WHO recommendations. The results of the study indicated that, the overall prevalence of stunting and wasting were 44% and 7.6% respectively. The overall prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 6.5%, 12.1% and 25.9%, respectively. The prevalence of stunted under-five children or children was more among rural children (49.5%) than their urban counterparts (38.2%). The prevalence of wasting among urban children (7.9%) was slightly higher than their rural counterparts (7.4%), though not significant. The prevalence of each of underweight, overweight and obesity was higher among urban children 7.9%, 13.8% and 27.1% than their rural counterparts which have the corresponding values of 5.3%, 10.6% and 24.3%, respectively. It was therefore recommended that health personnel especially in Benue State should create awareness through seminars and workshops in schools, health facilities and the media on the need to provide whole meals to children and discourage the consumption of snacks or processed foods by not making it part of the children’s lunch pack.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity and Associated Factors Among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Evidence From the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (Emdhs); A Multilevel Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael ◽  
Melkamu Merid Mengesha ◽  
Samuel Hailegebrea’l ◽  
Hanan Abdulkadir ◽  
Biruk Bogale Wolde
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

Abstract Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are emerging public health challenges of the 21st century. There was a 24% increase in the number of overweight children under the age of five years in low-income countries. Despite the significant risk of childhood overweight/obesity for non-communicable diseases, premature death, disability, and reproductive disorders in their adult life, little attention has been given. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and associated factors among under-five children. Methods: This study was conducted using data from a nationally representative sample of the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey (EMDHS). The Mini EDHS was a community-based cross-sectional study that covered all the administrative regions of Ethiopia. The data collection was conducted between March 21, 2019, to June 28, 2019. Both descriptive and analytic findings were produced using STATA version 14. For associated factors, a multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted to account for the hierarchical nature of the data. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported to show the strength of association and statistical significance. Results: A total 5,164 under-five children were included in this study. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity was 2.14 % (95% CI; 1.74-2.53) (more than two standard deviations (+2SD) above the median of the reference population) based on the body mass index (BMI) Z-score. The odds of overweight/obesity was higher among children aged less than 6 months (aOR= 5.19; 95%CI: 2.98-9.04), 6-24 months (aOR = 1.97; 95%CI: 1.18-3.29), delivered by caesarean section (aOR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.84-3.65), living in Addis Ababa city (aOR = 2.16; 95%CI: 1.59-7.81), Oromia region (aOR = 1.93; 95CI: 1.71-5.24), having mothers with the age 40-49 years (aOR = 3.91; 95%CI: 1.90-16.92), uses traditional contraceptive methods (aOR = 2.63; 95%CI: 1.66-10.47), and households headed by male (aOR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.84-3.48). Conclusion: This study showed that childhood overweight/obesity is the problem in Ethiopia. There was an interplay of several factors that affect childhood obesity including child factors, maternal socio-demography, and healthcare utilization, and geography of residence. Therefore, strategies to reduce childhood overweight and obesity should consider a multitude of contributing factors.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Age and Occupation on Feeding Habits and Nutritional Status of under Five Children in Kibiya and Dala Local Government Areas, Kano Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
A. M. Gadanya ◽  
M. Auwal ◽  
S. M. Abubakar ◽  
L. Mudassir
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maternal Occupation ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Children less than five years worldwide are known to be vulnerable and susceptible in many respects, especially on matters on health. Nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition generally affect children more than any other group. Poor nutrition occurs in developing countries, as well as in more prosperous areas of the world. Objective: The objective of this study focused on the effect of maternal Occupation and Age on feeding habit, and nutritional status of under-five children in Kibiya (rural) and Dala (Urban) local government areas of Kano State Nigeria, Study Design: A descriptive research design was adopted by this study to assess the level of nutritional status of under-five-children and to determine the relationship between age, occupation, economic status, attitudes and practices of mothers. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on nutritional status, knowledge, attitudes and nutrition-related practices for a limited time period. Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in two local government areas in Kano State, DALA and KIBIYA LGA, between February, 2019 to July, 2019. Methods: Descriptive research design was used for data collection. 198 and 170 mothers with their children from Kibiya and Dala respectively, were used for the study. Data generated was analyzed using Spss, Excel and was presented using frequency table, percentage, mean, standard deviation and correlation. Results: In Kibiya, there was a very weak, positive correlation between maternal age under-five nutritional status with the exception of weight-for-height, which was found to be statistically significant (p<0.005). In Dala, the relationship was a very weak negative correlation with the exception of height-for-age which is positive correlated (p<0.005). Majority of the children were severely stunted with 44.1% in Dala and 56.1% in Kibya, but there was no significant difference in the prevalence of severe stunting between the two LGAs. Furthermore, majority of the under-fives were within the range of adequate weight: 45.5% Dala and 58.2% Kibiya. However, the prevalence of severely underweight children in Kibiya is 11.2%. This is significantly higher compared to Dala with 2.4% which means severe underweight children in Kibiya is almost five times that in Dala. Prevalence of wasting (mild, moderate and severe) among under-five children were significantly higher in Dala compared to Kibiya (p<0.01). Conclusion: The findings from this study shows that maternal Age is a significant factor that affect the nutritional status of the children in  both local government but maternal Occupation has less impact on nutritional status of the children.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and its corelates in under five slum children of Kanpur Nagar, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Gautam ◽  
Mahesh Verma ◽  
S. K. Barman ◽  
A. K. Arya
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children

Background: In Kanpur, overall there were an estimated 43.6% stunted, 24.1% wasted and 41.8% underweight under-five children. There is a critical window of opportunity to prevent undernutrition by taking care of the nutrition of children in the first two years of life. With this background the present study was undertaken with the aim to assess the nutritional status in under five children in the slum area of Kanpur Nagar.Methods: The present study was conducted in 30 slums of Kanpur Nagar selected through 30 cluster sampling technique. The sample size was calculated as 390. From each cluster, approximate 13 study subjects aged 0-60 months were studied. Mothers of study subjects were interviewed to illicit the requisite information, using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard technique for each study subject. Data collected was analyzed using statistical tool.Results: Based on WHO classification, the prevalence of stunting and severe stunting was observed to be 31.28% and 13.59%. 14.62% study subjects were wasted while 6.15% subjects had severe wasting. 40.51% had mild-moderate malnutrition and 7.95% had severe malnutrition as per the criteria of mid upper arm circumference. Malnutrition was significantly associated with the age of the study subjects (p <0.05). The prevalence of malnutrition decreased significantly with higher maternal education and among those whose mother’s were housewives (p <0.05). Lower birth order and middle socio-economic class was associated with decreased prevalence of malnutrition (p <0.05). Conclusions: The nutritional status of children is dependent on maternal education and occupation and socioeconomic status. Nutrition education can have a significant effect in its reduction.

scholarly journals Selected nutritional habits of teenagers associated with overweight and obesity

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zalewska ◽  
Elżbieta Maciorkowska
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Students ◽  
Nutritional Habits

Introduction A balanced diet is at the heart of healthy growth and development of children and youth, whereas inappropriate eating habits considerably influence the incidence of disorders connected with nutrition, including overweight and obesity. This paper aims at studying nutritional factors of 18-year-old secondary school youth in the urban environment and their effect on the incidence of overweight and obesity. Materials and methods The survey was conducted among 1,999 secondary school students chosen at random. The research tool consisted an original survey questionnaire. The measurements of respondents’ height and body mass provided data for calculating the body mass index. Results and conclusion The percentage of youth with deficient body mass was estimated at 8.4%. The percentage of normal weight students in the surveyed group was estimated at 77.6%. Overweight and obesity characterized 14.0% of the total number. As many as 21.8% of overweight and obese respondents would eat one or two meals as opposed to 16.8% of normal weight students. Three-fourths of the surveyed students would eat breakfast regardless of their nutritional habits. Lunch is eaten by 52.9% of normal weight 18-year-olds and 46.1% of overweight and obese students. The analysis of mealtimes suggests that overweight and obese students would have their breakfast and dinner at later hours than the rest of the surveyed. More than half of the participating students failed to eat lunch (53.9%), and one in four students within this group resigned from supper. Girls would eat fruit and vegetables more frequently than boys several times a day. The percentage of persons in the surveyed groups who would eat fast foods on a daily basis was similar regardless of their nutritional status. Sweetened carbonated beverages would be drunk more often by overweight and obese boys (81.2%) as compared with boys with proper body mass (75.8%). The same type of beverages would be popular with two-thirds of girls, and this result was similar regardless of their nutritional status. About 44.2% of overweight and obese girls and 20% of girls with proper body mass attempted to lose weight, and 5.7% of boys tried to go on a diet. Eating limitations were declared by 16.5% of overweight and obese boys and ca. 3% of normal weight boys. Conclusion Within the surveyed group of youth, it was possible to indicate eating errors primarily consisting in irregular eating, too low a number of meals during the day, particularly skipping breakfast, which took place more frequently among overweight and obese students rather than normal weight ones. The survey points to the insufficient intake of vegetables and fruit as opposed to salty and sweet meals. It is essential to convey the knowledge on the causes of overweight and obesity as well as rules of a healthy diet as factors preventing civilization diseases.

scholarly journals Gambaran Status Gizi pada Balita di Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Nurshifa Eka Putri ◽  
Mia Yasmina Andarini ◽  
Sadiah Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Abstract. Humans, especially toddlers, need good nutritional status. Nutritional status is the state of the body due to food consumption and use of nutrients, which is defined as the balance of energy that is entered and released by the body. The health profile of Bekasi Regency in 2017 shows that there are 3.88% of children under five with malnutrition status and 0.04% with malnutrition status. And 2.91% of children under five with more nutrition. This study aims to determine the nutritional status of children under five at Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi in 2019. This study uses a descriptive research method with a cross sectional design that measures variables as well as to determine the nutritional status of children. Sampling of this research is a total sampling technique from recording data reporting months of weighing toddlers aged 12-60 months at Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi in 2019. This research was conducted from September to December 2020. The results of this study indicate that children under five at Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi in 2019 as many as 902 people, 771 people with good nutrition (85.5.3%), 62 people (7.9%) with good nutrition, 59 people (6.5%)% malnutrition and ten people (1.1%) ) malnutrition. This study concluded that the nutritional status of children under five was mostly good. However, there are still children with low nutritional status, so it should be noted that there are still many malnourished children under five in Indonesia. Abstrak. Manusia khususnya balita membutuhkan status gizi yang baik. Status gizi adalah keadaan tubuh sebagai akibat dari konsumsi makanan dan penggunaan gizi, yang didefinisikan sebagai keseimbangan energi yang masuk dan dilepaskan oleh tubuh. Profil kesehatan Kabupaten Bekasi tahun 2017 menunjukkan terdapat 3,88% balita dengan status gizi buruk dan 0,04% dengan status gizi buruk. Dan 2,91% balita dengan gizi lebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi balita di Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional yang mengukur variabel dan untuk mengetahui status gizi balita. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik total sampling dari pencatatan data pelaporan bulan penimbangan balita usia 12-60 bulan di Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi tahun 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan September hingga Desember 2020. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa balita di Puskesmas Karang Harja Bekasi tahun 2019 sebanyak 902 orang, gizi baik 771 orang (85.5,3%), gizi baik 62 orang (7,9%), gizi baik 59 orang (6,5%)% dan gizi buruk sepuluh orang ( 1,1%)) malnutrisi. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa status gizi balita sebagian besar baik. Namun demikian, masih terdapat balita dengan status gizi rendah, sehingga perlu diperhatikan bahwa masih banyak balita gizi buruk di Indonesia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Students in the Kumasi Metropolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Kumah ◽  
K. O. Akuffo ◽  
J. E. Abaka-Cann ◽  
D. E. Affram ◽  
E. A. Osae
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among students in the Kumasi metropolis. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 500 students aged 10 to 20 years were examined from two junior high schools selected by multistage sampling technique and three randomly selected senior high schools. Height and weight were measured in all participants and the body mass index (BMI) of each individual was calculated. Body mass index classes were calculated according to the International Obesity Task Force standards. Out of the 500 students, 290 (58.00%) were males and 210 (42.00%) were females. The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity was 7.40%, 79.60%, 12.20%, and 0.80%, respectively. Overweight was more prevalent among students than obesity. There is therefore the need to establish effective public health promotion campaigns among students in order to curtail future implications on health.

scholarly journals Determinants of Under-Five Children Body Mass Index in Sudan; Application of Quantile Regression: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawit Getnet AYELE ◽  
Ahmed Saied Rahama ABDALLAH ◽  
Mohammed Omar Musa MOHAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: One of the health challenges in Sub-Saharan countries is child malnutrition. Body Mass Index (BMI) can be defined as a measure of nutritional status. Examining the determinants of under-five children’s BMI is a significant subject that needs to be studied. For this study, quantile regression was used to identify the determinants of under-five children's BMI in Sudan. Methods: We used the 2014 Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Quantile regression was used. Results: Place of residence, state, mother’s educational level, gender, age of the child, and wealth index were an important effect significantly affecting under-five children’s BMI at different quantile levels. Conclusion: Taking measures on the nutritional status of mothers will accordingly resolve the nutritional status of their children. Therefore, the focus of policymakers should be on the influential significant factors which were found across all quantile levels to plan and develop strategies to enhance the normal or healthy weight status of under-five children in Sudan.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Habits on Body Mass Index of the Selected Population in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
V Bhavani ◽  
N Prabhavathy Devi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Consumption Pattern

Background: Obesity remains to be a serious problem in all parts of the world and is not restricted to adults but also found in children, teenagers, and young adults. Consumption of snacks and junk foods high in fat and sugars constitutes a risk factor for obesity and cardiovascular diseases.Aim: To study the influence of the dietary habits on the Body Mass Index of the selected population Methods: About 1000 samples were selected using a stratified and simple random sampling technique. Height, weight, and BMI were measured for the subjects using appropriate methods. An interview schedule was used to collect the details. Food frequency questionnaire and three-day dietary recall was used to collect the food consumption pattern. The obtained details were coded and subjected to statistical analysis. The required data were correlated.Results: In the present study, BMI increases with an increased frequency of outside food consumption. BMI was higher among the vegetarian population compared to the mixed vegetarian diet and ova- vegetarian population. At the same time, underweight population (BMI less than 18.4kcal/m2) was less in the mixed diet population. Calorie-dense foods, namely packet foods, fried foods, noodles, parota, and chocolates, were consumed more by overweight participants, and it is highly significant at a 1% level.Conclusion: Effective policies and programs are urgently required to reduce overweight and obesity. Consumption of wholegrains, vegetables, fruits, greens must be encouraged. The importance of antioxidants in the diet must be educated among the general public. Going back to traditional foods must be encouraged, such as ragi gruel, millets based food stuff, and fermented traditional recipes could be incorporated in the daily menu.

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