scholarly journals Evaluation of the physico-chemical propertie (BH-660) for dextrose production

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (53) ◽  
pp. 6503-6516
Author(s):  
SL Mengistu ◽  
◽  
AE Shimelis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Total Starch

Dextrose was produced from locally available hybrid variety of maize (Bako Hybrid660) in Ethiopia, using acid extraction. The variety was selected as an experimental input from Bako Agricultural Research Centre for the production of intermediate product starch using wet milling and end-product dextrose. The proximate composition values in the wet, milled, dried and cleaned white dent 2000 g BH-660 maize when steeped in 0.3% sulfur dioxide for 46 hrs at 50oC were determined. The mean values were 11.74%, 64.15%, 4.51%, 10.23%, 6.53% and 2.81%, for moisture content, total starch, germ, gluten, husk and fibre, respectively on dry weight basis. The total starch obtained from wet milling was 91.8% pure starch by mass. The proximate analysis values of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and total ash content of the sample were 7.65 %, 4.89%, 0.35%, 0.75 % 0.29 % , respectively on dry weight basis. Besides these, pH value was also determined to be 4.79. This obtained starch was hydrolyzed by an acid extraction method for the production of BH-660 maize dextrose. An average yield of 91.64% dextrose result was obtained and from this, 92.24% was pure dextrose by mass. Analysis result revealed that moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre and total ash content of the produced dextrose were 6.24%, 0.11%, 0.25%, 0.30% and 0.03%, respectively on dry weight basis. In addition, the pH value of 6.28 was determined. The control dextrose obtained from Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Share Company analysis values of moisture, crude fibre, crude fat and dextrose content were 5%, 0.24%, 0.23% and 93.73%, respectively on dry weight basis. From these data, it can be concluded that the BH660 maize variety has a significant potential for the production of high quality starch and dextrose, which can be used as a raw material for starch and dextrose processing industries.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of bambara groundnut (V. subterranea L. Verdc) seed parts

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Olaleye ◽  
EI Adeyeye ◽  
AJ Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Bioavailability ◽  
Good For

The levels of proximate composition, minerals, antinutrients, fibre components and calculated parameters for mineral bioavailability were determined in the testa, dehulled and whole seeds of Bambara groundnut on dry weight basis. Proximate levels were (g/100 g): ash (2.46- 4.36); crude fat (2.47-6.99); crude protein (15.2-22.2); crude fibre (1.03-22.9) and carbohydrate (51.6-61.9). The non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) components were (%): ADF, 7.13-29.0 (or 16.1 %-65.5 %); NDF, 1.77-23.6 (or 6.28 %-83.7 %); ADL, 6.15-28.0 (or 14.9 %-67.8 %); cellulose, 1.36-23.3 (or 5.02 %-86.0 %) and hemicellulose, 0.84-26.5 (or 2.86 %-90.1 %). In minerals (mg/100 g): Mn, Co and Cu were not detected; Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and P were low in values whereas Zn was high at 11.2-40.2. These parameters were also good for human health: Na/K (0.47-0.51) and Ca/Mg (2.58-4.36). Antinutrient values showed that Phy was high (14.4-29.2 mg/g); oxalate was high (5.02- 8.59 mg/g) and unavailable phosphorus as Pp % of P (10.2-49.3 %). The mineral bioavailability showed Ca/Phy to be good at 0.20-0.89 and [Ca] [Phy]/[Zn] to be good at 0.09-0.23 thereby making Zn bioavailable in all the samples. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v48i3.17325 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 48(3), 167-178, 2013

scholarly journals Evaluation of phytochemical and nutritional potential of Talinum triangulare (Jacq) leaf, stem and root on human health

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinyere Ilodibia ◽  
Ngozi Igboabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycoside ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Talinum Triangulare ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Nutritional Potential ◽  
Nutrient Compositions

Phytochemical and nutritional potentials of various parts (leaf, stem and root) of Talinum triangulare were evaluated using standard techniques. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed in data analysis. All the parts of the species were found to contain nutrient compositions in varying levels. Dry matter and carbohydrate were highest in the stem (91.69±0.12 and 68.66±0.01) respectively. Moisture, ash content and crude fibre were highest in the root (9.78±0.04, 17.53±0.11and 15.32±0.03) respectively while ether extract and crude protein were highest in the leaf (1.09±0.01 and 17.72±0.17) respectively. The results showed also varying quantities of the phytochemicals in the leaf, stem and root with some parts lacking some of the phytochemicals. The leaf contained the highest percentage of all the phytochemical investigated alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, sterol, Terpenoid, phenol and saponin (0.47±0.01, 0.26±0.00, 0.36±0.07, 0.03±0.01, 0.42±0.02, 0.02±0.01and 0.68±0.05 respectively. The root lacked sterol and phenol while stem lacked only phenol. The leaf, stem and root lacked cyanogenic glycoside. The results have indicated that these parts of the Talinum triangulare investigated are very nutritious and possessed bioactive compounds that could be extracted for the manufacture of new drug, food supplements and also be used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of diseases.

scholarly journals Ecophysiology of Mimosa pudica L. at Biratnagar, Eastern Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Niroula ◽  
D. Parajuli ◽  
S. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mimosa Pudica ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Hard Seed Coat

All the freshly collected mature seeds of M. pudica were greenish in colour, whereas 7 year old stored seeds were a mixture of greenish and brownish seeds. The greenish seeds had hard seed coat and acid treated as well as sand rubbing for 6-10 min greatly enhanced their germination percentage. The brownish seeds were simply the deteriorated form of greenish seeds. Leaves and pods had higher contribution to total plant dry weight in ungrazed field and in pot-cultured plants clipped a month before flowering. The young shoots of the plant had 18.9% crude protein, 0.46% phosphorus and 25.4% crude fibre on dry weight basis.Key words: Hard seed coat, Mimosa pudica, scarification, dry matter productionDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2568Our Nature (2009) 7:177-181  

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties of Oil Extract From Two Varieties of Fluted Pumpkin Seeds Using Different Extraction Methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
M. O. Sunmonu ◽  
E. O. Ajala ◽  
M. M. Odewole ◽  
S. Morrison ◽  
A. M. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mean Values

This study investigates physical and chemical properties two seeds namely Ugba (Telfairia pedata) and Ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) using soaking soxhlet methods of extraction. The physical properties examined are moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fat and oil, crude fibre and carbohydrates. The chemical properties examined are Acid value (mgKOH/g), saponification value, iodine value, free fatty acid, peroxide and refractive index. Higher mean values of moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates were noticed in Ugwu than in Ugba under soaking method. However, the trend was reversed for crude protein and free fatty acid, in whose case they appear to be higher in Ugba than in Ugwu. For soxhlet method, moisture content, ash content, crude fibre and carbohydrates seems to have higher mean values in Ugwu seed compared to when Ugba seed was used. However, crude protein and fat and oil content were higher using Ugba seed than Ugwu seed oil. For soaking method, Ugba seed seem to produce higher mean values of sap value, iodine value, and refractive index when compared with Ugwu seed. On the other Ugwu, seems to produce acid value, free fatty acid and peroxide value when compared with ugba for soaking method. Using soxhlet apparatus however, Ugba seed produces higher mean values for acid value, sap value, iodine value, and free fatty acid compared to Ugwu. The reverse was the case with peroxide and refractive index, still with soxhlet apparatus.Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyVol. 13, No. 2, 2017, page: 48-60

scholarly journals Process of Modeling and Optimizing the Osmotic Dehydration Pre-treatment of Okra Drying

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-497
Author(s):  
Adesoji Matthew OLANIYAN ◽  
Bamidele David OMOLEYOMI ◽  
Musliu Olushola SUNMONU
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Osmotic Dehydration ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Process Duration ◽  
Osmotic Solution

Okra [Abelmoschuscaillei (A. Chev.) Stevels] drying was studied by a factorial experiment under randomized complete block design using a laboratory-scale hot-air dryer. Two osmotic solution concentrations (40 and 60 oBrix of sucrose), three osmotic process durations (60, 120 and 180 min) and four drying temperatures (50, 60, 70 and 80 oC) were considered with each trial conducted in triplicates. Drying rate was determined as the ratio of change in mass of okra to the change in drying time as drying progresses. The ash content, crude fibre, crude fat, crude protein, bulk density, least gelation concentration and water absorption capacity were investigated as quality parameters. Model equations were developed using Essential Regression (ESSREG) analysis and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to relate output parameters to process variables. The results showed that an optimum drying rate of 16.69 g/h could be achieved by subjecting okra to osmotic dehydration pretreatment using a solution of 40 oBrix sucrose for 149.10 min and dried with a temperature of 80 oC. The ash content of 3.76% could be obtained at 40 oBrix, 180 min and 50 oC. An optimum value of 29.65% was obtained for crude fibre at an osmotic solution concentration of 60 °Brix, osmotic process duration of 180 min and drying temperature of 80 oC. Crude fat content of okra has 4.03% as its optimum value and this corresponds to a combination of 60 oBrix osmotic solution concentration, 180 min osmotic process duration and 74.60 oC drying temperature. An osmotic solution concentration of 60 °Brix, osmotic process duration of 60 min and drying temperature of 80 oC should be selected to give the optimum crude protein of 14.12%. Predicted values of drying rate, ash content, crude fibre, crude fat, crude protein and water absorption capacity (WAC) compared favourably with the observed values. This implies the models reliably predicted the drying characteristics of okra very well in terms of these output parameters. It could be inferred from this study that the drying process of okra can be optimized under different drying conditions. Further studies should be carried out on the factors that affect the storability of dried okra for long-time storage and preservation. An investigation into the use of sodium chloride for osmotic dehydration pretreatment as a means of improving the post-drying palatability of okra should be considered for further study.

RESPONSE FROM COPPER AND SELENIUM WITH VITAMIN E INJECTIONS TO CATTLE PASTURED ON MINERAL AND ORGANIC GROUNDWATER SOILS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. MILTIMORE ◽  
J. L. MASON ◽  
J. M. McARTHUR ◽  
C. C. STRACHAN ◽  
J. B. CLAPP
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Good Drainage ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Sulfate

An experiment, using a total of 127 cattle on one ranch over a 2-yr period and 82 cattle at two separate locations on a second ranch in 1 yr, tested injections of copper (Cu) and injections of selenium (Se) with vitamin E, separately and in combination. Injections of 100 mg Cu as copper calcium edetate resulted in an increased overall daily gain of 118 g or 22%. The injections of Se and vitamin E did not significantly increase gain and there was no synergistic effect when the two materials were given together. The crude protein, inorganic sulfate, S, P, Ca, K, Mg, Cu, Mo, Fe, Mn, Zn, and B concentrations were determined on grass from the experimental pastures and from grass growing in fields around one ranch. These latter forages were collected in seven paired locations with one member forage of each set being harvested from an organic groundwater soil and the other from an adjacent clay soil where there was good drainage. Forage growing on well-drained soils had a Cu/Mo ratio of 1.9, which was almost treble the 0.7 ratio found in forage grown on the groundwater soil. Cu levels in hair from cattle on ranch B, given only Cu injections, averaged 13.4 ppm Cu on an oven-dry weight basis, which was 54% higher in Cu than hair from the control cattle. The mean concentration of Se in hair of cattle receiving Se with vitamin E was 60 ppm, which was not significantly different from the control at 58 ppm.

Effects of Age of Harvesting after Pod Set on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. O. Iremiren ◽  
A. W. Osara ◽  
D. A. Okiy
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Pod Quality

SUMMARYDifferences in the age at which okra pods were harvested (4, 7, 10 or 13 days after pod set) had no effect on vegetative growth or pod yield, but pods harvested more than seven days after pod set were of poorer quality. The reduction in pod quality arose mainly from an increase in crude fibre and a reduction in the moisture, crude protein and ash content of older pods.

scholarly journals Nutritional and Serum Biochemistry of the Edible Frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
S. O. Oyibo ◽  
G. C. Akani ◽  
C. C. Amuzie
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Mineral Constituent ◽  
Rivers State

This paper investigated the proximate, minerals and serum biochemistry in Hoplobatrachus occipitalis. The proximate and selected minerals of edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis were determined using standard analytical methods. The result showed that crude protein was 16.91% carbohydrate was 1.76%, crude fibre 2.85%, The fat was 4.96% ash content was 1.84% and moisture was 71.67%. The selected mineral constituent recorded showed that sodium> iron> calcium > potassium > manganese. The nutritive serum biochemistry was determined in male and female species, the results revealed that both sexes have high nutritional profile suitable for human consumption; nevertheless, the female species have higher nutritional values than the males.

scholarly journals Nutritive value and availability of commonly used feed ingredients for farmed nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell) in Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (51) ◽  
pp. 6135-6155
Author(s):  
J Munguti ◽  
◽  
H Charo-Karisa ◽  
MA Opiyo ◽  
EO Ogello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Commonly utilized feed ingredients for culture of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) and Africa n catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) from Kenya , Tanzania and Rwanda were collected over a period of six months (January - June 2010) and evaluated for their nutritive composition through proximate analysis. Most of the fish feed ingredients were found in all the three countries except a few that were unique to one or two countries as detailed in the results . Feed ingredients of animal origin exhibited significantly (P <0.05) higher crude protein levels (407 - 635 g/kg DM ) compared to the feed ingredients of plant based origin . Freshwater shrimp s ( Caridina nilotic a ) contained the highest crude protein levels of 635 g/kg DM. Feed ingredients of animal origin had low ether extracts (EE) with an exception of Omena fish ( Rastrineobola argentea ) . Crude fibre (CF) was generally higher on feed ingredients of plant origin and ranged between 55 - 368 g/kg DM while Nitrogen Free Extract s (Nf E) and ash content were higher in the feedstuff s of plant origin with an exception of maize bran which had the lowest value. Omena fish and freshwater shrimp had higher ash content of 182 and 228 g/kg DM compared to other feed ingredients of animal origin, which may indicate contamination with soil particles during drying process . Based on the feed ingredient availability, potential competition with other human uses, content of crude protein and crude fibre and the feasibility of removal of anti -nutritional factors, C . nilotica , blood meal, meat and bone meal , were identified as most promising sources of animal based protein. Cotton (Gossypium spp) and sunflower ( Helianthus annuus ) seed cakes provided the best option as source of processed plant based protein. L eaves of gallant soldier ( Galiso nga parviflora ) , sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatus ), cassava ( Manihot esculenta ) and papaya ( Papaya carica ) were identified as high potential feedstuffs of plant origin either processed or in raw form for small -scale fish farming . We recommend that in well fertilized semi- intensive ponds , maize ( Zea mays ) , wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) and rice ( Oryza sativa ) bran may be utilized where available to supplement natural pond food

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Mealworm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor) Reared in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Jajić ◽  
Aleksandra Popović ◽  
Miroslav Urošević ◽  
Saša Krstović ◽  
Miloš Petrović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Mealworm Larvae

Summary The use of insects as “novel” and natural feed materials seems to be an attractive alternative protein source for poultry, pigs and fish since more than 80% of their chemical composition (dry weight basis) is crude protein and crude fat content. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine some chemical composition parameters of powdered mealworm larvae, as a potential animal feed as well as human novel food. It was found that the crude protein (55.83%) and crude fat (25.19%) content was predominant, as well as that the content of nitrogen-free extract was low. Coincided with the high protein content, the levels of the most important amino acids were found to be considerable, especially lysine (3.18%) and threonine (1.34%). Crude fibre content was 7.15%, while ash was 4.84%. The samples were found to be rich in most nutritive elements, especially phosphorus (1.06%) and potassium (1.12%) in terms of macroelements, and zinc (138.2 mg/kg) in terms of microelements. Based on our research and other experimental results, it can be concluded that meals from the insects originating from the order Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae (mealworms) may be successfully used as feed material in diets of livestock animals, especially poultry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document