scholarly journals FORMULAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE CIÊNCIA, TECNOLOGIA E INOVAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: retrospectiva do movimento dos grupos de interesse

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Almeida Andrade ◽  
Denise Bomtempo Birche de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
National Network ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
National Science Policy ◽  
Technological Management

A institucionalização da gestão científico-tecnológica em saúde no Brasil repercute em ações articuladas às necessidades econômicas e sociais do país. Este estudo analisa o processo de formulação da Política Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde (PNCTIS) a partir da inserção desse tema na agenda governamental e da conformação de grupos de interesse. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório de caso, de caráter descritivo-analítico, baseado em dados primários e secundários. O histórico apresentado considera o movimento dos atores, o processo político e as soluções políticas propostas. O artigo constata, ainda, que a inserção da ciência, tecnologia e inovação na agenda do Ministério da Saúde e a formação de uma rede nacional de políticas públicas para odesenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, de abrangência intersetorial, resulta na formulação e na aprovação da PNCTIS em 2004.Conclui que esse esforço gera o ambiente favorável para a institucionalização da gestão científico-tecnológica na agenda sanitáriabrasileira.Palavras-chave: Política de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, saúde, agenda governamental.NATIONAL SCIENCE POLICY FORMULATION, TECHNOLOGY, AND INNOVATION IN HEALTH: retrospective of the stakeholders’ movementAbstract: The institutionalization of the scientific and technological management of health in Brazil has an impact on articulated actions to the economic and social needs of the country. This study analyzes the formulation process of the National Science Policy, Technology, and Innovation in Health (PNCTIS) from the insertion of this subject on the governmental agenda and of the conformationof stakeholders groups. It’s an exploratory study case, of descriptive-analytical character, based on primary and secondary data. The presented historic considers the movement of the stakeholders, the political process, and the proposed political solutions. The article still notes confirmed that the insertion of science, technology, and innovation on the agenda of the Ministry of Health and the formation of a national network of public policies for the scientific and technological development, of inter-sectoral coverage, results in the formulation and approval of PNCTIS in 2004. This effort generates a favorable environment for the institutionalization of the scientific and technological management on the Brazilian sanitary agenda.Key words: Science policy, technology, and innovation, health, governmental agenda.

National science policy coordination in the European Community

1977 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Brickman
Keyword(s):  
European Community ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
National Science ◽  
Science And Technology Policies ◽  
National Science Policy ◽  
Technology Policies ◽  
Council Of Ministers

In January 1974 the Council of Ministers of the European Community issued a resolution calling for the coordination of the science and technology policies of the member countries. This initiative came after several years of largely unrewarded efforts by the European institutions to bring a measure of Community-wide coherence in national R&D programs and objectives. Despite the development of alternative decision-making and implementation procedures, the Community's impact on national activities was on the whole limited in scope, confined to programs of marginal importance and more concerned with the joint execution of specific research tasks than with the political motives and intentions of the member governments. A review of the 1974 resolution's effects, principally through the work of the CREST committee, demonstrates that the multiple obstacles to policy coordination have yet to be overcome. These obstacles stem from a) varying conceptions of the policy coordination task, b) the discrepancies and inadequacies in national science policy formulation, c) deficiencies in the perspectives and procedures of Commission officials and national delegations, and d) a variety of constraints which restrict the domain of possible Community intervention.

scholarly journals The Political Process in the Preparation of Public Policy A Case Study on the Preparation of the Constitution of Oil and Gas in the Republic of Indonesia’s House of Representatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-111
Author(s):  
Julizar Idris ◽  
Abdul Hakim ◽  
Sarwono Sarwono ◽  
Bambang Santoso Haryono
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Abstract Public policy formulation as a political process is a dynamic formulation of policies involving many actors, ranging from the executive, legislative, academic, to non-governmental organizations. The purpose of this study was to find out the political process of drafting the Oil and Gas Law and determine the model for the formulation of the Oil and Gas Law in the Republic of Indonesia’s House of Representatives. This research method uses a qualitative approach, through observation, in-interview techniques and documentation of secondary data in the process of collecting data. Data analysis using the Interactive Model method by Miles & Huberman's. The results of the study indicate that the political process of drafting the Constitution of Oil and Gas takes place in the following stages: planning, drafting and discussion. Politically, the planning of the Constitution of Oil and Gas comes from several sources: (1) the bill from the President; (2) the bill from the House of Representatives; and (3) the bill from the Regional Representative Council. The long political process in the public policy formulation in the House of Representatives starts from the process of inventorying input from factions, commissions, and the public to be determined as a Legislative Body decision, then the decision is to be consulted with the Government; afterwards, the results of the consultation are reported to the Plenary Session to make the decision.

scholarly journals Early neonatal mortality and risk factors: a case-control study in Paraná State

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 2527-2534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Thais Migoto ◽  
Rafael Pallisser de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Maria Rigo Silva ◽  
Márcia Helena de Souza Freire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Technological Management

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the Early Neonatal Mortality risk factors according to the risk stratification criteria of the Guideline of the Rede Mãe Paranaense Program. Method: a case-control epidemiological study with secondary data from the Mortality and Live Birth Information System in 2014. The crude analysis was performed by the Odds Ratio association measure, followed by the adjusted analysis, considering risk factors as independent variables, and early neonatal death as dependent variable. Results: were considered as maternal risk factors: absence of partner and miscarriages; neonatal: male, low birth weight, prematurity, Apgar less than seven in the fifth minute, presence of congenital anomaly; and care: up to six prenatal appointments. Conclusion: an innovative study of risk factors for early neonatal death from the Guideline's perspective, a technological management tool for maternal and child health, in search of its qualification and greater sensitivity.

scholarly journals Comparison of Digital Copyright Protection on Over the Top (OTT) Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-212
Author(s):  
Agung Kurniawan Sihombing ◽  
Rika Ratna Permata ◽  
Tasya Safiranita Ramli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Copyright ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Digital Copyright Protection ◽  
Over The Top

In the rapid technological development, physical boundaries have begun to disappear. The internet has created a ‘free culture’. In addition, the era is challenging the copyright concept along with the emergence of ‘digital copyright’. It has become the main commodity of Over-the-Top services providing means of communication and entertainment through the internet. Content streaming service like Netflix uses films, as well as other cinematographic works, as its main commodities. OTT Streaming media helps to protect copyright holders' rights that previously have been violated by illegal streaming sites on the internet. Unfortunately, it also raises a new question: how digital copyright-objects can be protected in this kind of service. Without physical form, copyright object can be distributed easily on the internet, and it may lead to right violations. To answer this problem, the authors aim to describe the digital copyright protection on OTT Streaming Content Media in Indonesia and compare them to the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) of the United States of America using a descriptive-analytical approach. This study employed a normative juridical approach with secondary data. The results of this study indicate that digital copyright protection in Indonesia is still centered on conventional copyright objects, and a sui generis law is needed to provide better protection for digital copyright objects.

scholarly journals New Design of Raskin Program (Analysis Implementation RASDA in Kulonprogo Regency)

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Raden Rahman Asjhatri Fandaru
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Government ◽  
Group Target

This thesis is an analysis of public policies based on the research carried out about the implementation of RASDA Program (local rice husbandry) in Kulonprogo in 2015. It is claimed as a new alternative offered to replace the Government RASKIN Program that is already running. This research aimed in determining how effective the implementation of the RASDA Program in Kulonprogo was and identifying the factors that cause RASDA program did not run as the expectation. The method used in this study was a qualitative method using two types of data, primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interview, and documentation with informants selection technique using the principle of purposive and snowball techniques. The data analysis technique was done through data reduction, data display, and data verification.The results showed that efforts to renew the RASKIN Program (cheap-priced rice) through RASDA program were not successfully done. The achievement of program outputs and outcome indicators were still far away from the expectation. The progress was not significantly improved, it still encountered the same problems as those in the implementation of the previous RASKIN Program. Meanwhile, farmers did not have any benefits from the uptake of the local rice because it was not optimally prepared.There are several factors that cause RASDA Program in Kulonprogro did not run well. The first reason was that it is difficult to link the concept of the program with the actual situation, seen from: (1) the farmers as the program target still thought conservatively causing the loss of the benefits that will be gained from the RASDA Program; (2) the intervention of political elites in the process of policy formulation; (3) the limited authority of the local government in the National RASKIN Program; and (4) the incoherency among the needs for resources in the factual conditions. The second cause, the conflict of interest among the holders cause the program implementation did not synchronize to each other, as seen from: (1) their efforts to make RASDA program as a springboard for “other” purposes; (2) the bias support of BULOG; (3) the lack of enthusiasm and initiatives among the holders/bureaucracy; and (4) the entrepreneurs’ mindset of business that dominated farmers community. The third reason is that there was not awareness on the characteristics of the group target to anticipate problems that arise.Based on these findings, the researcher suggested the government to focus in optimizing the current mechanisms of the food subsidies. The government should also concern in looking for other alternatives to optimize the potential of the local foods. The government should also  do some efforts to gain the welfare for farmers, by: (1) reconstructing values and norms in terms of social rules to support the program with the intensive socialization; (2) allocating the budget the APBD for the procurement of subsidized rice for poor households who are not registered; (3) monitoring the program up to the lowest level intensively; (4) encouraging small entrepreneurs to become BULOG’s partners to seek an access to the Capital; (5) maintaining fair competition among rice traders; (6) conducting studies on the possibility of establishing a integrated rice husbandry regional company; (7) encouraging the local rice branding.

scholarly journals Factors Determining the Provision of Psychosocial Services for Oncological Patients and Their Loved Ones in Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 44-57
Author(s):  
Emilija Gaidytė ◽  
Eugenijus Dunajevas
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Action Explanation ◽  
Public Resources

It is acknowledged by various organizations, experts, and researchers around the world that meeting psychological and social needs is an important factor in cancer treatment. However, there is a shortage of psychosocial care supply for cancer patients and their family members in Lithuania. The aim of this study is to discern the causes of this insufficient supply. In order to find out the possible causes, Jon Elster’s action explanation framework was used. According to the framework, it is possible to deduce these factors: institutional constraints, economical (resources and labor supply) constraints, social preferences, and political preferences. Qualitative research (expert interviews) and secondary data analysis research methods were employed to gather the required data. A data analysis shows that the there are no institutional constraints for the provision of psychosocial care. However, there is a lack of public resources dedicated for the provision of psychosocial care. As a consequence, the main providers of psychosocial care for cancer patients and their family members are NGOs, which heavily depend on volunteer labor force. There is a contradiction in the point of view toward the professionalization of psychosocial care provision. It is the natural position of medical professionals that the provision of psychosocial care should be in the hands of professionals. On the other side, NGOs disagree with such a perspective. The need for psychosocial care is verbalized by experts and professionals; however, the general public prefers medical treatment. Thus, it is understandable why the public resources allocated to the provision of psychosocial care are so scarce. It is also evident that the political parties are not interested in psychosocial care, as it was shown by our analysis of their political programs.

scholarly journals The Protection of Adaptation Rights to E-Novels Infringed by the Website in Perspective of Copyright Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Inge Dwisvimiar ◽  
Andhima Abdul Ghanny
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Library Studies ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Criminal Charges ◽  
Website Content ◽  
Legal Consequences

Technological development causes infringement to e-book copyright especially e-novel by copying and distributing it without rights for example that is loaded on the website. In line with that, this study aims at explaining and analyzing the protection of adaptation rights for infringement in the form of e-novels by the website in the perspective of copyright law; and explaining and analyzing the legal consequences of the use of the e-novels by the website on the adaptation rights of the creator. This research uses normative juridical research with the approach to applying the laws of UUHC and the case approach in the form of the infringement of the e-novels on the website in www.corongbaca.com. The primary data taken from interview and the secondary data obtained from library studies. The data analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The result of the study indicates that protection of the creator's adaptation rights from infringement of e-novels by the website in this case has not been realized because the creator who made the e-novel does not get benefit from the adaptation rights of the novel, namely royalties that are distributed based on an agreement with the website then regarding the legal consequences of using e-novels by websites on the author's adaptation rights, there are two consequences that have been carried out, namely: deletion of website content from www.corongbaca.com, and complaints to the Directorate General of Intellectual Property (DGIP), but there has been no follow up on the complaint. As for claims for compensation and criminal charges, the parties did not do so.

scholarly journals Mission-Oriented Innovation Policies in Austria – a case study for the OECD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Biegelbauer ◽  
◽  
Christian Hartmann ◽  
Wolfgang Polt ◽  
Anna Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
National Debate ◽  
Policy Agendas ◽  
Innovation Policies

In recent years, mission-oriented approaches have received growing interest in science, technology and innovation (STI) policies against the background of two developments. First, while so-called “horizontal” or “generic” approaches to research, technology and innovation policies have largely been successful in improving the general innovation performance or the rate of innovation, there are perceived limitations in terms of insufficiently addressing the direction of technological change and innovation. Second, “grand societal challenges” emerged on policy agendas, such as climate change, security, food and energy supply or ageing populations, which call for thematic orientation and the targeting of research and innovation efforts. In addition, the apparent success of some mission-oriented initiatives in countries like China, South Korea, and the United States in boosting technological development for purposes of strengthening competitiveness contributed to boosting the interest in targeted and directional government interventions in STI. Against the backdrop of this renewed interest in mission-oriented STI policy, the OECD has addressed the growing importance of this topic and launched a project looking into current experiences with Mission-Oriented Innovation Policy (MOIP). The present study on MOIP in Austria was commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Energy, Mobility, Environment, Innovation and Technologiy (BMK) and comprises the Austrian contributions to this OECD project. The study aims at contributing Austrian experiences to the international debate and to stimulate a national debate on MOIP.

scholarly journals Makna Kekerabatan Dalam Budaya Lonto Leok Pada Proses Pilkada Di Manggarai Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Benedictus Simangunsong ◽  
Felisianus N. Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Election Process ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

                                                                        Abstrak Budaya memainkan peran yang sangat penting dalam politik karena menjadi cerminan masyarakat dalam menentukan sikap dan pilihan politik atau membentuk karakteristik masyarakat dalam berpolitik. Contoh dari hubungan antara budaya dan politik bisa tergambarkan pada isu kekerabatan  pada pilkada Manggarai Barat 2020 yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini. Fenomena kekerabatan yang dimaksud adalah adanya kecenderungan dari masyarakat Manggarai Barat pada umumnya untuk memilih pemimpin yang seasal atau karena faktor kekerabatan dan kekeluargaan atau dikenal sebagai budaya lonto leok yang masih kuat mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat termasuk politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma interpretif dengan metode penelitian Fenomenologi. Adapun pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan data primer yaitu melakukan wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi serta data sekunder berupa studi kepustakaan. Wawancara dilakukan kepada para informan yang melakukan lonto leok menjelang Pilkada Mabar Tahun 2020 dan juga pada pilkada-pilkada sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna kekerabatan dalam budaya lonto leok pada proses pilkada di Manggarai Barat adalah kebersamaan dan ketergantungan. Sementara peran budaya lonto leok dalam proses politik adalah pada saat pengambilan keputusan dan menumbuhkan ikatan kekerabatan.   Kata kunci: Budaya, Politik, Kekerabatan, Lonto Leok, fenomenologi, makna kekerabatan                                                                   Abstract   Culture plays a very important role in politics because it reflects the everyday life of society in determining political attitudes and choices or shaping the characteristics of society in politics. One of them many examples about the relationship between culture and politics can be illustrated in the issue of kinship in the 2020 West Manggarai regional election discussed in this study. The kinship phenomenon in question is the tendency of the West Manggarai community in general to choose leaders who are in the same kinship and it is known as the lonto leok culture which still strongly influences people's life, including politics. This study uses an interpretive paradigm with phenomenological research methods. The research data collection was carried out with primary data, namely conducting in-depth interviews and documentation and secondary data in the form of literature study. Interviews were conducted with informants who conducted lonto leok ahead of the 2020 Mabar Pilkada and also in the previous pilkada. The results showed that the meaning of kinship in the lonto leok culture in the election process in West Manggarai was togetherness and dependence. Meanwhile, the role of lonto leok culture in the political process is at the time of making decisions and fostering kinship ties.   Keywords: Culture, Politics, Kinship, Lonto Leok, phenomenology, meaning of kinship  

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