​Discriminant Analysis to Characterize Mastitis Resistant and Susceptible Karan Fries Cows and Response Operating Characteristics Curve for Comparing Regression/ Discriminant Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Sharma ◽  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
D. Revanasiddu ◽  
Beena Sinha ◽  
Ragini Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Karan Fries ◽  
Maximum Separation ◽  
Minor Extent

Background: The profitability in the dairy enterprises is strongly affected by udder health and, to a minor extent, by morphometry. The present study was conducted to differentiate mastitis susceptible and resistant animals based on udder and teat type traits infrequently exist. Methods: The study was undertaken in ICAR-NDRI, Karnal of Haryana. A discriminate model was applied to differentiate mastitis susceptible and resistant Karan Fries cows for the study. For meeting the objective; 123 Karan Fries cows were subjected to developing a reliable mathematical function/equation (discriminant functions) for the provision of maximum separation among the mastitis resistant and susceptible animals. The hypothesis was designed to know if these udder and type traits appeal to mastitis-resistant and susceptible animals. The hypothesis for testing the equality of covariance matrices was depicted as: H0: ∑1 = ∑2 Vrs H1: At least one pair of sigma’s ∑ is different. Result: The model included contributory factors such as fore udder length, central ligament, udder balance, shortest distance of floor from fore teat (SDFT), shortest distance of floor from rear teat (SDRT), fore udder attachment (FUA), teat direction, Rear legs rearview, Hock development, udder depth, and udder width constructed and was found to demonstrate 69.1 per cent accuracy with p less than 0.001 and the Karan Fries functions at group centroids are -0.169 and 0.443 respectively for mastitis resistant and mastitis infected animals. The model will facilitate 92.1 per cent of the cases to correctly classify for mastitis resistant animals and the remaining 7.9 per cent being misclassified into the mastitis group.

Factors affecting the future of the Scottish hydrometric network

1987 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Poodle
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Data Standards ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minor Extent

ABSTRACTThe Scottish Hydrometric Network consists of a number of river gauging stations which have been located at sites considered suitable to provide long term flow records. Economic recession has placed some stress on the gauging programme, and has given rise to extensive closures of gauging stations in England and, to a minor extent so far, in Scotland. The way in which the network became established provides a mixture of strengths and weaknesses which could have unpredictable consequences in an adverse economic climate. Changing technology provides some opportunity to reduce the cost of data acquisition and improve the deployment of manpower, while maintaining data standards. In these changing circumstances, particularly with extensive use of computer systems, it is important that standards are established for data returned to the Water Archive and that the network is not allowed to degenerate by default.

Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvan Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Cupressus Arizonica ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

Abstract At present, in the New World, C. arizonica and its varieties are of low economic importance, but they are sometimes cut for fenceposts, fuelwood and lumber, and recently they have become popular as Christmas trees. By contrast, the Arizona cypress (C. arizonica var. arizonica) and the smooth cypress (C. arizonica var. glabra) are widespread in Europe and are used for landscaping, erosion control, windbreaks, and to a minor extent for lumber.

Chapter II. The World Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 26-38
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
West Germany ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

The recovery in the OECD area gathered pace in the second quarter, when its total GDP probably increased by as much as 1 per cent. The rise was, however, heavily concentrated in North America and particularly the US. There may well have been a slight fall in Western Europe, where the level of industrial production hardly changed and increases in gross product in West Germany and, to a minor extent, in France were outweighed by falls in Italy and (according to the expenditure measure) the UK.

scholarly journals Tracing the (hidden) spatialities of digital agendas: the case of ‘Digital Hungary’

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Krisztina Varró
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Development Trajectories ◽  
Minor Extent

Policies that aim at bringing about a digital transformation (seek to) create the conditions for particular spatial development trajectories. Yet, the understandings, explicit and implicit, of space advanced by digital agendas have remained rather underexposed to date. This paper addresses this gap by developing a Foucauldian-inspired discourse-analytical framework and applies it to the programme of ‘Digital Hungary’. It is argued that policies of digitalisation in Hungary only to a minor extent consider the spatial dimension, and their impact potentially undermines the declared aims of spatial development at different scales.

scholarly journals Bryophytes of the upper reaches of the Western Bug River (Lviv Region, Ukraine)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Yura Drach ◽  
Zvenysvala Mamchur
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
A Minor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Minor Extent

In the article, the bryophytes of the upper reaches of the Western Bug River, which is physically and geographically located within Male Polissya, partly Roztochia, and to a minor extent in the Gologoro-Voronyatsky denudo-structural hills, have been studied. Based on our survey, a list of the bryophytes has been compiled for the first time. Ecological features, substrate preferences and life forms of the bryophytes have been analysed. According to the ecological features, subheliophytes (30.9%) and hemisciophytes (30.9%) predominate in the spectrum of heliomorphs; mesophytes (29.7%), hygromesophytes (21.2%) and xeromesophytes – in the spectrum of hydromorphs (19.4%); cold-tolerant species (59.4%) – in the spectrum of thermomorphs. Based on the analysis of the substrate preferences of the bryophytes, the following groups were identified: epigeans (116 species), epixils (56 species), epiphytes (46 species), epiliths (43 species), aquatic (22 species). The prevailing life forms are turf (30.3%), rough mat (18.2%), weft (15.2%), tuft (10.3%) and smooth mat (9.7%). 3 species that are officially recognised as rare and 16 species that are recognized as regionally rare have been found. In the group of bryophytes associated with wetland ecosystems, 2 officially rare and 6 regionally rare species were found in the study area. Given the large areas of drained land in Lviv Region, these species are of particular value, especially in the context of conservation of the biodiversity and protection of the valuable natural areas in accordance with the Development Strategy of Lviv Region by 2027.

scholarly journals Gender in modern Greek historiography

HISTOREIN ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Papadogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
International Level ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Modern Greek ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Greek Historiography ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

This article analyses the emergence and development of the study of gender in modern Greek historiography in the broader sense, exploring works that incorporate, even to a minor extent, the gender factor. It shows that despite the manifold barriers that gender historians have faced, there has been a slow but steady process of diffusion of gender in modern Greek historiography in general. The article also shows that historical research on gender relations in Greece initially focused on the study of women, historicising, however, their relations with men. Thus, in line with what Kantsa and Papataxiarchis argue about the relevant scholarship at the international level, no linear transition from the study of women to the examination of gender relations occurred. What has transpired in the last two decades, however, is that the relevant historiography has gradually broadened to encompass a more systematic analysis of the (re)making of masculinities. It has also been enriched by the study of the intersection of gender and age as well as of transnational flows and their impact on gender, tendencies that have been slightly neglected in other reviews of the study of gender in Greek historiography. 

scholarly journals Influence of Waste Engine Oil Addition on the Properties of Zeolite-Foamed Asphalt

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Woszuk ◽  
Michał Wróbel ◽  
Wojciech Franus
Keyword(s):  
Softening Point ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Foamed Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Natural Clinoptilolite ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

The previous studies on asphalt mix and asphalt with waste engine oil addition indicate the possibility of using this type of waste material for the construction of road pavements. The research presented in this paper aimed at the preliminary assessment of possible waste engine oil (WEO) addition to the asphalts foamed with water-soaked zeolites. In this research, synthetic zeolite Na-P1 and natural clinoptilolite were used. In order to improve the foaming effect, the zeolites were soaked with water before dispensing to the asphalt, in the amount of 75% asphalt weight for Na-P1 and 25% for clinoptilolite. The tests were performed for one type of waste engine oil—5W40 and two type of binders: 20/30 and polymer modified 25/55-60. The asphalt parameters such as the dynamic viscosity, penetration and softening point were determined with the addition of WEO and zeolites in the concentration of 0%, 3%, 5%, 7% for both materials. It was found that the WEO addition lowers the viscosity and softening point of asphalt but increases penetration. The zeolite addition affected the change of these parameters to a minor extent or was statistically irrelevant. The chemical analysis of the asphalt samples with WEO addition performed with the X-ray Fluorescence method did not show a significant amount of heavy metals which would increase the probability of low-temperature cracking. The analysis of the results indicates the possibility of using zeolite-foamed asphalt technology with WEO addition.

scholarly journals Effect of PET-CT misalignment on the quantitative accuracy of cardiac 15O-water PET

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonny Nordström ◽  
Hendrik J. Harms ◽  
Tanja Kero ◽  
Maryam Ebrahimi ◽  
Jens Sörensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Average Absolute Deviation ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Quantitative Accuracy ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

Abstract Background Quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) with PET requires accurate attenuation correction, which is performed using a separate CT. Misalignment between PET and CT scans has been reported to be a common problem. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of PET CT misalignment on the quantitative accuracy of cardiac 15O-water PET. Methods Ten clinical patients referred for evaluation of ischemia and assessment of MBF with 15O-water were included in the study. Eleven different misalignments between PET and CT were induced in 6 different directions with 10 and 20 mm amplitudes: caudal (+Z), cranial (− Z), lateral (±X), anterior (+Y), and anterior combined with cranial (+ Y and − Z). Blood flow was quantified from rates of washout (MBF) and uptake (transmural MBF, MBFt) for the whole left ventricle and the three coronary territories. The results from all misalignments were compared to the original scan without misalignment. Results MBF was only minorly affected by misalignments, but larger effects were seen in MBFt. On the global level, average absolute deviation across all misalignments for MBF was 1.7% ± 1.4% and for MBFt 5.4% ± 3.2 Largest deviation for MBF was − 4.8% ± 5.8% (LCX, X + 20) and for MBFt − 19.3% ± 9.6% (LCX, X + 20). In general, larger effects were seen in LAD and LCX compared to in RCA. Conclusion The quantitative accuracy of MBF from 15O-water PET, based on the washout of the tracer, is only to a minor extent affected by misalignment between PET and CT.

scholarly journals Nematode parasite eggs in pasture soils and pigs on organic farms in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Lindgren ◽  
Stefan Gunnarsson ◽  
Johan Höglund ◽  
Cecilia Lindahl ◽  
Allan Roepstorff
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Pasture Contamination ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Minor Extent

AbstractThe EU regulation for organic pig production requires outdoor access to promote the animal welfare. This may increase the risk of infection of the common pig parasites, Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis, because their eggs can survive for many years in the soil. The egg contamination of these parasites in outdoor areas with different managements and the faecal egg output from the pigs was investigated on 11 Swedish organic pig farms in 2008. We found eggs of A. suum and, to a minor extent, T. suis in the soil from outdoor areas, which had previously been used for pig rearing and/or for spreading of pig manure. Piglets and their dams were turned out on pastures included in a crop rotation, and these areas had a mean of 2500 A. suum and 40 T. suis eggs per kilogram soil. When the pigs were 12-week-old, the faecal egg counts (FECs) of A. suum were positively correlated with the egg concentration in pasture soils before pig turnout. The areas used by dry sows had a mean of 11,700 A. suum and 220 T. suis eggs per kilogram soil. The highest egg concentrations in the soil were found in areas, frequently used by pigs in the most recent years. To minimise pasture contamination with parasite eggs, it is advised to have a crop rotation system and to inactivate parasite eggs in pig manure before spreading it. Parasite control needs further development to protect suckling piglets from infections due to environmental parasite egg contamination.

Occurrence and Ecology of Usnea Longissima in Central Sweden

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-A. Esseen ◽  
L. Ericson ◽  
H. Lindström ◽  
O. Zackrisson
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Oceanic Climate ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Usnea Longissima ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Minor Extent

AbstractThe past and present occurrence of Usnea longissima has been investigated at 31 localities in an area of eastern central Sweden. A marked decline was found which is due to different forestry practices, and, to a minor extent, air pollution. The species is confined to old spruce forests, mainly located on north-facing slopes with a slightly oceanic climate. The population size showed a large variation both within and between seven investigated localities. Specific habitat demands and low dispersal ability make U. longissima very sensitive to environmental disturbances.

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