Evaluation of brinjal varieties for yield, genetic variability and disease reaction grown as late rabi season crop in Assam

Five hybrid brinjal varieties viz., Ketan, Vijay Kiron, Utkal Green, NV2035 Sarpan Bharata and two local cultivars viz., JC-1, Longai were evaluated at Horticultural Research Station, Kahikuchi, Guwahati as late rabi crop during 2014-16. Significant variation in plant growth parameters and fruit yield as well as on bacterial wilt incidence (Ralstonia solanacearum) were shown by all the varieties.Utkal Green recorded the highest per plant fruit yield (2.32 kg/plant) leading to the maximum total marketable yield (469.66 q/ha) and longer active fruiting duration (43.70 days).It also showed resistant reaction to bacterial wilt, recording only 12.44 per cent wilt incidence as compared to other varieties where it was in the range of 34.44 to 62.22 % at 55 days after transplanting. Although, Ketan and Vijay Kiron recorded moderately higher per plant fruit yield of 1.52 and 1.47 kg/plant,respectively but their total marketable fruit production reduced substantially due to high incidence of bacterial wilt (62.22 and 57.78%, respectively).The local cultivars, JC-1 and Longai exhibited moderately resistant reaction to bacterial wilt which registered 40.00 and 34.44 % , respectively.

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Optimizing Rowcover Deployment for Managing Bacterial Wilt and Using Compost for Organic Muskmelon Production

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.25.6.762 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 762-768 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elsa S. Sánchez ◽

Ermita Hernández ◽

Mark L. Gleason ◽

Jean C. Batzer ◽

Mark A. Williams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Production Costs ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Erwinia Tracheiphila ◽

Action Threshold ◽

Cucumber Beetle ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Wilt Incidence

The goal of this study was to develop a systems-based strategy for organic muskmelon (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus) in Pennsylvania (PA), Iowa (IA), and Kentucky (KY) to manage bacterial wilt (Erwinia tracheiphila) and nutrients while safeguarding yield and enhancing early harvest. Spunbond polypropylene rowcovers deployed for different timings during the growing season were evaluated for suppressing bacterial wilt and locally available compost was applied based on two different estimated rates of mineralization of organic nitrogen (N) to manage nutrients. In KY only, the use of rowcovers suppressed bacterial wilt incidence compared with not using rowcovers. However, the timing of rowcover removal did not impact wilt incidence. Under lower cucumber beetle [striped cucumber beetle (Acalymma vittatum) and spotted cucumber beetle (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi)] pressure in PA and IA, rowcovers did not consistently suppress season-long incidence of bacterial wilt. In four of five site-years in PA and IA, more marketable fruit were produced when rowcovers were removed 10 days after an action threshold (the date the first flower opened in PA; the date when ≥50% of plants in a subplot had developed perfect flowers in IA and KY) than when no 10-day delay was made or when no rowcovers were used. In addition, the no-rowcover treatment consistently had lower weight per marketable fruit. In KY, the same action threshold without the 10-day delay, followed by insecticide applications, resulted in the largest number of marketable fruit, but did not affect marketable fruit weight. In PA, marketable yield was higher using compost compared with the organic fertilizer in 1 year. No yield differences were observed by nutrient treatments in 2 years. In IA, marketable yield was lower with the low amount of compost compared with the organic fertilizer and yields with the high amount of compost were not different from the low amount or the organic fertilizer in the year it was evaluated. In KY, marketable yield was unaffected by the nutrient treatments in the year it was evaluated. Given these results, muskmelon growers in PA, IA, and KY who use compost may choose the lower compost rate to minimize production costs. Overall, these findings suggest that rowcover-based strategies for organic management of bacterial wilt need to be optimized on a regional basis, and that fertilization with compost is compatible with these strategies.

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Evaluation of Grafting Using Hybrid Rootstocks for Management of Bacterial Wilt in Field Tomato Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.47.5.621 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Theodore McAvoy ◽

Joshua H. Freeman ◽

Steven L. Rideout ◽

Stephen M. Olson ◽

Mathews L. Paret

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Field Studies ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Plants ◽

Four Seasons ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

The Impact ◽

Wilt Incidence

Seven hybrid tomato rootstocks with possible resistance to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and a known resistant cultivar were tested as grafting rootstocks to impart resistance to a bacterial wilt-susceptible cultivar, BHN 602. Greenhouse studies showed resistance of all the rootstocks to bacterial wilt. The disease incidence and yield of ‘BHN 602’ grafted to these rootstocks were evaluated in open-field tomato production in Florida and Virginia over four seasons. Significant differences in bacterial wilt incidence were observed between grafted entries in three of the four trials. In these three trials, grafted entries consistently exhibited the least bacterial wilt incidence compared with the controls; the self-graft, and non-grafted entries. Over all the trials, tomato plants grafted onto ‘Cheong Gang’, ‘BHN 1054’, and ‘BHN 998’ displayed the least bacterial wilt incidence. Rootstocks had a significant effect on total marketable yield in all the trials with certain grafted entries yielding significantly greater than non-grafted ‘BHN 602’. Field studies show that grafting holds promise for decreasing the impact of bacterial wilt on tomato cultivars as well as increasing the overall productivity of tomato cultivars.

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DENSELY PLANTED OKRA FOR DESTRUCTIVE HARVEST

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.3.438a ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 438a-438

Author(s):

Yaying Wu ◽

Brian A. Kahn ◽

John B. Solie

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

High Density ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽

Mature Fruit ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Harvest Timing ◽

Plant Arrangement ◽

Marketable Fruit

We are developing a mechanical harvest system for okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. Our objective was to identify a high-density (HD) plant arrangement and a harvest timing that would maximize marketable fruit yield per hectare with a destructive harvest. We compared destructively harvested plants grown at spacings of (in cm) 15 × 15, 23 × 23, and 30 × 30 with hand-harvested plants grown at 90 × 23 cm. Within HD treatments, marketable fruit weight increased inconsistently as plant density increased. The 30 × 30-cm spacing was not dense enough. Branching decreased and the position of the first marketable fruit attachment moved up as plant density increased. Delaying destructive harvest until many over-mature fruit were present often did not increase marketable fruit yield and always reduced the proportion of total harvested fruit weight due to marketable fruit. Overall, percentages of marketable yield obtained by destructive harvests of HD plants were low compared to the cumulative marketable yield from control plants. However, the labor-saving potential was high. A prototype machine for harvest of HD okra has been developed, and further testing is planned.

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Growth and yield performance of hybrid tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) lines at Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal

Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources ◽

10.3126/janr.v3i1.27166 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 180-189

Author(s):

Suraj Gurung ◽

Prabin Adhikari ◽

Kushal Giri ◽

Tek Prasad Gotame ◽

Surendra Lal Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Hybrid Variety ◽

Marketable Fruit

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of hybrid tomato lines on growth and yield performance at Regional Agriculture research Station (RARS), Parwanipur, Nepal during end of September, 2018 to April, 2019. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven hybrid tomato lines as treatments and three replications. The tested lines included Srijana and Dalila as check varieties and other lines, developed by crossing HRA and HRD lines which showed better performance under late blight conditions. HRA 20× HRD 1 showed significantly higher plant height (110.67 cm) which was statistically at par with genotype HRA 14× HRD 7. The highest number of fruits per plant (69) was recorded from Srijana whereas the lowest number of fruits per plant (37) was recorded from cv. HRA20 × HRD1. The fruit yield of the lines ranged from 50.54 t/ha to 32.2 t/ha with Srijana having the highest yield and HRA 20× HRD 1 as the lowest. Similar results were shown regarding the marketable fruit yield. However, the highest individual fruit weight (34.67g) was recorded in HRA 14× HRD 7 and the least fruit weight was recorded in Srijana (24.22 g). Results showed that the maximum TSS (5.53 0Brix) was recorded from Dalila which was similar as Srijana. Hence, the overall performance of Srijana was recorded superior regarding both quantitative and qualitative suggesting Srijana as the recommended variety in the given domain. Here authors concluded that Srijana is still a comparatively better hybrid variety in Nepal.

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Fruit yield and bacterial wilt symptoms on eggplant genotypes grown in soil infested with Ralstonia solanacearum

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620140000400013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 453-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ivani T Oliveira ◽

Carlos A Lopes ◽

Andrea B Moura

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Soil Characteristics ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Infested Area ◽

Leaf Chlorosis ◽

Race 1 ◽

Tolerant Genotype

Fruit yield and bacterial wilt symptoms of eggplant genotypes CNPH006, CNPH171, CNPH658, CNPH778, CNPH783, and CNPH785 were quantified in soil naturally infested with Ralstonia solanacearum(race 1, biovar 3) in Brasília, Brazil.Exceptfor CNPH778, all genotypes developed at least one typical wiltedplant. Besides wilt,other symptoms considered for assessing levels of tolerance/resistance among genotypes wereplant death (CNPH006, CNPH171, CNPH658 and CNPH783), leaf chlorosis(CNPH785) and plant dwarfing (all genotypes). The occurrence of bacterial ooze on cut stems was observed in all plants grown in infested beds, including those that did not exhibit wilt symptoms. Plants grown simultaneouslyin noninfested beds of the same dimensions and soil characteristics allowed the comparison ofyield losses due to the pathogen. The genotypes were grouped according to their ability to maintain fruit production in the infested area. CNPH785 was the most tolerant genotype, with no significant loss due to the disease,followed by CNPH783, CNPH778 and CNPH171, with mean losses of 19.3%, 11.4%, and 10.1%, respectively. The genotypes CNPH658 and CNPH006 were the most susceptible, with average losses of 99.53 and 99.32%, respectively.

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Foliar Applications of Acibenzolar-S-Methyl Negatively Affect the Yield of Grafted Tomatoes in Fields Infested with Ralstonia solanacearum

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-03-16-0331-re ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (6) ◽

pp. 890-894 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sanju Kunwar ◽

Mathews L. Paret ◽

Joshua H. Freeman ◽

Laura Ritchie ◽

Stephen M. Olson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

The Impact ◽

Wilt Incidence

Three field experiments were conducted in Florida from 2012-2014 to assess the impact of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), a systemic acquired-resistance inducer, applied as foliar spray or through drip-irrigation lines, on bacterial wilt incidence and yield of grafted tomatoes. The experiments were conducted in a field with race 1, biovar 1 strain of Ralstonia solanacearum, causal agent of tomato bacterial wilt. In all three experiments, the susceptible tomato variety BHN 602, grafted onto a resistant rootstock BHN 998, was compared with nongrafted BHN 602, treated with or without foliar applications of ASM and with grafted plants treated with foliar applications of ASM. In two experiments, an additional treatment of drip applications of ASM on grafted and nongrafted plants was evaluated. Grafting alone or in combination with drip applications of ASM (178.6 μM) significantly reduced disease incidence and increased total marketable yield relative to nongrafted treatments. There were no significant differences between grafted plants with or without drip ASM applications in terms of bacterial wilt incidence or total marketable yield. However, we demonstrate for the first time that foliar ASM applications on grafted plants negatively affects the total marketable yield compared with drip ASM applications on grafted plants or nontreated grafted control.

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Produtividade de tomate orgânico cultivado em diferentes ambientes e níveis de insumos

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v11i4.3964 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Gisley Karoline Emerick Bitancourt Alves ◽

Antônio Carlos Simões ◽

Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira ◽

Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Low Level ◽

Ecological Farming ◽

Field Environment ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Fruit Mass

A importância alimentar do tomate orgânico aliado a sua baixa produção na Amazônia e a necessidade de baixo uso de insumos para seu cultivo ecológico o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de cultivares de tomate orgânico cultivado em campo e ambiente protegido com alto e baixo nível de insumos. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em ambiente protegido e campo, ambos no delineamento em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas 2 x 3, sendo a parcela principal composta por dois níveis de insumos e a subparcela pelas cultivares copa (Santa Kruz Kada, IPA 6 e Santa Clara), com cinco repetições de cinco plantas cada. As variáveis avaliadas foram: massa média de frutos total e comercial (g fruto-1), número de frutos total e comercial por planta, produtividade total e comercial de frutos (kg ha-1). A cultivar IPA 6 em cultivo protegido exigiu maior uso de insumos para aumentar a massa média de fruto total e comercial, produtividade total e comercial, em campo pode se utilizar baixo nível de insumo. O alto uso de insumos é necessário para aumentar a produtividade total e comercial para a cv. Santa Clara em cultivo à campo, ambiente que também necessita de alto uso de insumos para aumentar a massa média de fruto total e comercial a produtividade comercial da cultivar Santa Kruz. Productivity of organic tomato grown in different environments and levels of inputsAbstract: The importance of organic tomato feed associated with their low production in the Amazon and the need for low input to its ecological farming the objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of organic tomato cultivars grown in field and greenhouse with high and low level inputs. The experiments were conducted under greenhouse and field conditions, both in randomized complete block design comprising plots subdivided into subplots. The plots encompassed of two levels of inputs, while the subplots contained the (Santa Kruz Kada, 6 and IPA Santa Clara), with five replicates of five plants each. The variables evaluated were: total fruit mass and marketable fruit mass (g fruit-1), number of total and marketable fruit per plant, total and marketable fruit yield (kg ha-1). The cultivar IPA 6 in greenhouse demanded greater use of inputs to increase the total and marketable fruit mass, total and marketable yield in field can be used for low level input. The high use of inputs is necessary to increase the total and marketable yield for cv. Santa Clara in the growing field, environment which also requires high use of inputs to increase the total and marketable fruit mass, marketable fruit yield of cultivar Santa Kruz.

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Fruit Yield and Yield Component Means and Correlations of Four Slicing Cucumber Populations Improved through Six to Ten Cycles of Recurrent Selection

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.123.3.388 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 123 (3) ◽

pp. 388-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Christopher S. Cramer ◽

Todd C. Wehner

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Yield Component ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Horticultural Crops ◽

Component Selection ◽

Selection For

Increased fruit yield in slicing cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) has been difficult to achieve since yield is quantitatively inherited with low heritability. From 1981 to 1993, four slicing cucumber populations differing in their genetic diversity (wide, medium, elite, and `Beit Alpha') were advanced through six to ten cycles of modified half-sib recurrent selection. The objectives of this research were to determine 1) the fruit yield and yield component means; 2) the correlations between yield components, between yield traits, and between components and yield; and 3) the change in means and correlations with selection for improved yield of four slicing cucumber populations. In 1994 and 1995, four families were randomly selected from three cycles (early, intermediate, and late) from each population and self-pollinated. Thirty plants from each S1 family were evaluated in 3.1-m plots in Spring and Summer 1995 and 1996 at the Horticultural Crops Research Station in Clinton, N.C. Plants were harvested and data were collected on number of branches per plant and nodes per branch, proportion of pistillate nodes, fruit set and shape, and total, early, and marketable yield. When averaged over all populations, seasons, and years, fruit yield and quality increased with selection while yield components remained unchanged with selection. Fruit yield and components differed between populations, seasons, and years. Most correlations between yield components and between yield components and fruit yield were weak, and strong correlations varied between populations, seasons, and yield components. Indirect selection of proportion of pistillate nodes has potential for improving yield for certain population-season combinations. Selection weakened many strong correlations between yield components and between yield and components. Changes in correlations often did not correspond with changes in trait means. Based on this research, selection for yield components would not be advantageous for improving fruit yield in all slicing cucumber populations. Additional yield components, yield component heritability, and better component selection methods need to be determined before component selection can be used to improve fruit yield.

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Effects of Grafting on Morphophysiological and Yield Characteristic of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Grafted onto Wild Relative Rootstocks

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9111583 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1583

Author(s):

Ibrahim Musa ◽

Mohd Y. Rafii ◽

Khairulmazmi Ahmad ◽

Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽

Muhammad Asyraf Md Hatta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solanum Melongena ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

High Rate ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Wild Relative ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Graft Success

Grafting is regarded as an integral component of sustainable vegetable production. It is important in the management of soil-borne diseases, and reports suggest that grafting with viable rootstocks can enhance crop growth and yield. This research was conducted using splices and cleft grafting techniques to investigate graft compatibility among varieties of high yielding eggplant scion (MCV1, MCV2, CCV1, CCV2, CCV3, NCV, and TCV) grafted onto wild rootstocks (MWR, BWR, and TWR) to study their morphophysiological and yield characteristics. High yielding scions grafted onto wild relative rootstocks were compared with two controls including self-grafted and non-grafted. All the scion had a high rate of germination (≥95%) and remarkable graft success (100%) was recorded in MCV1, MCV2, and TCV using the cleft techniques. Generally, the use of rootstocks resulted in higher total and marketable fruit yield compared to the non-grafted and self-grafted scion plants, respectively. In particular, MWR and TWR rootstock conferred the highest vigour to the scion, resulting in the highest values recorded for total and marketable fruit yield, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight. A similar result was obtained in fruit length and diameter, where long and wide fruits were observed in scions grafted onto MWR and TWR rootstocks, respectively. Grafting of high yielding eggplant scion onto resistant MWR, BWR and TWR eggplant rootstock was found to be beneficial for eggplant cultivation. The remarkable compatibility and vigour of the rootstock with scion led to the improvement in total and marketable yield of the fruits. As such, it can be concluded that the use of wild relative rootstocks of eggplant species can be a valuable method of improving eggplant production.

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027 Tomato Plant Size and Fruit Yield as Affected by the Date of Symptom Appearance of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.3.392e ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 392E-392

Author(s):

Juan C. Diaz-Perez ◽

D. Bertrand ◽

D. Giddings

Keyword(s):

Plant Development ◽

Tomato Plant ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽

Plant Size ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽

Wilt Virus ◽

T Values

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) can cause serious damage to tomato, pepper, lettuce, and other crops. The virus is transmitted by several species of thrips. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the time (t, days after transplanting) when TSWV symptoms first appeared on tomato plant size and fruit yield. Tomato (`Florida-47') plants were drip-irrigated and planted over black plastic mulch. The experiment was carried out in Tifton, Ga., during Spring 1999. High populations of thrips were detected since early stages of plant development, which resulted in a high incidence of TSWV. Plant fresh weight was significantly higher (r2 = 0.632, n = 216) the later in plant development TSWV symptoms first appeared (i.e., with increasing t values). Total fruit production of individual plant linearly increased with increasing t values (r2 = 0.664, n = 216). As with total fruit production, fruit marketable yield was also higher with increasing t values; however, marketable yield was significantly reduced even when plants were infected later in the season (t > 55 days after transplanting). Our results suggest that it is important to keep tomato plants free from TSWV as long as possible. This applies to both developing and developed plants.

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