scholarly journals Effect of Certain Fungicides and Trichoderma Spp. on the Growth Parameter, Yield Attributes and Yield Affected by Powdery Mildew of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar Meena ◽  
Nithin B Patil ◽  
Santosh Bhanage
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Yield Attributes

Powdery mildew is an important foliar disease of green gram caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC. in India. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides (Propiconazole, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Mancozeb) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum,) against powdery mildew of green gram in the Central Experimental Field, Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during the kharif season 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and each replicated thrice. In a field assay, maximum plant height (71.11) cm was observed in Trichoderma viride as foliar spray followed by Trichoderma harzianum, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole and Mancozeb. The experiment revealed that, among the treatments Carbendazim, as foliar spray was most effective with maximum length of pods (7.27) cm and weight of pods (5.6) g followed by Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole, Mancozeb, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride. Maximum yield was recorded with Carbendazim (10.15) q/ha, as foliar spray followed by Wettable sulphur (9.76) q/ha, Propiconazole (9.22) q/ha, Mancozeb (8.60) q/ha, Trichoderma harzianum (7.88) q/ha and Trichoderma viride (7.22) q/ha.

scholarly journals Trichoderma spp. NA EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO DE MUDAS DE CAMBARÁ (Gochnatia polymorpha (Less.) Cabrera)1

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Franco Martins Machado ◽  
Antonio Padilha Tavares ◽  
Sidinei José Lopes ◽  
Antonio Carlos Ferreira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Spp

Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi avaliar o efeito de isolados de Trichoderma spp. na emergência de plântulas e no crescimento de mudas de cambará (Gochnatia polymorpha). Utilizou-se, em casa de vegetação, substrato esterilizado e não esterilizado, sendo avaliados os efeitos de quatro isolados de trichoderma: TSM1 e TSM2 de Trichoderma viride, 2B2 e 2B22 de Trichoderma harzianum mais um mix preparado com a mistura desses quatro isolados, além de dois produtos comerciais à base de trichoderma. A análise dos dados permitiu concluir que os isolados de trichoderma testados não interferem na emergência das plântulas, mas os isolados 2B2 e 2B22 de T. harzianum apresentam potenciais como promotores de crescimento de mudas de cambará.

scholarly journals Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in Squash

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaber Elkot ◽  
Aly Derbalah
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in SquashPowdery mildew induces significant losses in yield and quality of squash. Therefore, culture filtrates of certain microbial isolates, (Epicoccum nigrum,Epicoccum minitans,Epicoccumsp.,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma virideandBacillus pumilus) were used alone, and in combination with the fungicide penconazole to control powdery mildew in squash, under field conditions. Moreover, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the chemical components of the most effective culture filtrates against powdery mildew pathogen. The results showed that culture filtrates of different microbial isolates (except forTrichoderma harzianum) were more effective against powdery mildew in squash than the tested fungicide alone at the recommended levels, in both tested seasons. The results also showed that mixing different culture filtrates with penconazole improved efficiency against powdery mildew compared to using the fungicide alone, in both tested seasons. The efficacy of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates against powdery mildew were due to the presence of a mixture of known antifungal compounds. The results suggest the possible use of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates as alternative to fungicides, in powdery mildew control. Also, this study suggests the possible mixing of the culture filtrate of the tested biocontrol agents with fungicides to minimize the applied amount of fungicides.

Effect of nutrient management on productivity and economics of soybean

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Y. A. Bhosale ◽  
D. P. Pacharne
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Economic Indices

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2015 on silty clay loam soil at MPKV, Rahuri (MS), to study the varying nutrient management levels on productivity and economics of different soybean varieties. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 15 combinations of three varieties (KDS-344, JS-9305 and KS-103) and five nutrient management levels ( GRDF, 75% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS, 100% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS, N4: 125% GRDF + 0.5% foliar spray of grade IInd at 30 and 45 DAS and 50:75:30 N, P2O5, K2O kg ha-1 + 5 tons FYM ha-1. The variety KDS-344 and application of nutrient management dose 125% GRDF + 0.5 Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS recorded significantly the highest growth and yield attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of branches, number root of nodules, number of pod plant-1 and weight of seeds plant-1 (g). The variety KDS-344 recorded highest grain and stover (3.66 and 4.64 t /ha) yield and highest economic indices like cost of cultivation (40,623), net monetary returns (87355) and net returns per rupee invested (3.17). The grain yield (4.34 t/ha) and stover yield (4.53 t/ha) of soybean was significantly higher by application of fertilizer dose of 125% GRDF + 0.5% Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS than rest of treatments, but it was also at par with 75% GRDF + 0.5 Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS and 100% GRDF + 0.5% Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS. Similarly, variety KDS-344 and application of nutrient levels of 75 % GRDF + 0.5 % Grade IInd foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS recorded the highest net returns (82756) and net returns per rupee invested (3.24) in soybean due to reduce in cost of cultivation (36931) and nutrient losses.

scholarly journals Effect of varietal performance on growth attributes and yields of lentil varieties under red and lateritic soil of West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
U. Biswas ◽  
G. Mandi ◽  
S. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
B. K. Saren ◽  
Kanu Murmu
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Growth Attributes

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Agriculture Farm of Palli Siksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal to find out the varietal performance of different promising entries of lentil on growth attributes and yield. Tendifferent varieties viz. Subrata, Asha, Ranjan, HUL 57, BM 6, BM 7, PL 406, KLS 218, Moitree and PL 6 was studied in a randomized block design (RBD), replicated thrice. Different growth and yield attributes were measured in the experiment to find out the suitable variety of lentil for the red and lateritic soil zone of West Bengal. The lentil variety PL-406 showed maximum growth potentiality among the other varieties just followed by another long duration lentil variety KLS-218. The lentil variety PL406 showed maximum growth potentiality among the other varieties just followed by another long duration variety KLS 218. Highest grain yield was obtained from the variety Ranjan (789 kg ha-1 ) followed by the variety PL 406 (785 kg ha-1 ) and KLS 218 (783 kg ha-1 ) respectively. From the result of the present experiment, it can be concluded that the variety PL 406 gave maximum vegetative growth, whereas the variety Ranjan produce maximum yield and found most potential variety among other lentil varieties under red and lateritic soil of West Bengal

scholarly journals Alleviation of Sodicity Stress in Green Gram and Black Gram Using Plant Growth Regulating Substances

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
S. Nithila ◽  
R. Amutha ◽  
R. Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
The Impact

Most of the pulses in India are grown in low fertility, problematic soils and unpredictable environmental conditions. Major issues in pulse production are poor establishment and low harvest index. In pulses harvest index is only 15-20%. Physiological manipulations such as spraying of hormones and nutrients that reduce flower drop and thereby facilitate large sink size. The objective of this research is to study the impact of Growth regulating substances on germination and establishment and economic yield of black gram and green gram under Sodic soil conditions. The study area is Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy. The nature of soil is sodicity with exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of 18.94% with pH of 9.02. The two crop varieties green gram VBN (Gg) 2 & black gram VBN (Bg) 6 were employed under sodic soil condition. Field experiment was conducted during late July to October 2017 under sodic soil condition with ten treatments. The experiment was laid out in a Randamized Block Design with three replications. Foliar spray was given at flower initiation and pod initiation stages. Ten treatment combinations were employed by T1: Control, T2: Seed Treatment (ST) with Ammonium Molybdate (AM) 0.05% + foliar spray of ZnSO4 – 0.5%. T3: AM 0.05% + Panchagavya -3.0%,              T4: AM 0.05% + foliar spray of KCl -1%, T5: ST with GA3 50 ppm + foliar spray of ZnSO4 – 0.5%,   T6: GA3 50 ppm + Panchagavya -3.0%, T7: GA3 50 ppm + KCl -1%, T8: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% +ZnSO4 – 0.5%, T9: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% +Panchagavya -3.0%, T10: Cowpea Sprout Extract 2% + foliar spray of KCl -1%. In conclusion the yield enhancement in best treatment may be due to the presence of bioactive substances in sprouted cowpea extracts and panchagavya were found effective towards yield maximization.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar spray of GA3 and NAA on sex expression and yield of bitter gourd

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
R Khatoon ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Male Flowers

A field experiment was conducted at the Plant Physiology field of Horticulture Research Center, BARI, Gazipur during two consecutive years of kharif 2014 and 2015 to assess the effect of GA3 and NAA on sex expression, yield and yield components of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) var. BARI Karola-1. Eeleven treatments comprising five concentrations each of gibberellic acid (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ppm) and naphthalene acidic acid (50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ppm) along with distilled water considered as control were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Naphthalene acidic acid (NAA) were sprayed at 4 leaf stage; second spray was done at 35-38 DAS and third spray done at flowering stage. All the treatments improved the flowering and yield characters over control. Foliar spray of NAA @ 150 ppm and 200 ppm was found better in terms of sex expression, yield and yield attributes of bitter gourd as compared to control and other treatments. Spray of NAA @ 150 ppm gave the lowest number of male flowers and the highest number of female flowers thereby produced the lowest sex ratio (male:female). Number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield/plant were also found maximum from NAA 150 ppm. Maximum fruit yield was recorded with the application of NAA @ 150 ppm. Spraying of NAA @ 150 ppm gave the maximum gross return and net return with the highest BCR of 3.17. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(2): 281-290, June 2019

Influence of Seed Inoculation Treatments on Yield and Quality of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Sharma ◽  
Prakash Borah
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Field Emergence

To study the effect of seed inoculation treatments with biological agents on seed germination, field emergence and its effect on seed during summer season. Seeds of green gram variety Pratap (SG-1) were treated with microbial formulations of seven treatments which consisted of-Rhizobium (T1), Trichoderma harzianum (T2), Trichoderma viride (T3), Bacillus megaterium (T4), Trichoderma harzianum + Trichoderma viride + Bacillus megaterium (T5), Rhizobium + Trichoderma harzianum + Trichoderma viride + Bacillus megaterium (T6) and Control (T7). Shoot length, root length and seedling dry weight were recorded after 20 days of sowing, observations on nodulation, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded at maturity and germination characteristics of the seeds were studied in the laboratory. It was observed that seeds treated with combined inoculation of Rhizobium @ 4 g + Bacillus megaterium @ 5ml/1000 ml of water + Trichoderma harzianum @ 5ml/1000 ml of water + Trichoderma viride @ 5ml/1000 ml of water (T6) recorded significantly higher field emergence (91.25%), speed of emergence (42.14), seedling dry weight (1.67mg), shoot length (25.48 cm), seed yield (992 kg ha-1), Stover yield (1870 kg ha-1), number of pods plant-1 (37), number of seeds pod-1 (13.25), 100 seed weight (3.63g) root length (9.22 cm) and nodulation (15).

Effect of Phosphorus and Zinc Interaction on Performance of Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Phogat ◽  
Padma Angmo ◽  
A. K. Mondal ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
A. P. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment comprising of four levels of phosphorus, i.e., 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1 and four levels of zinc, i.e., 0, 5, 10 and 15 kg ha-1 was conducted to investigate the interaction effect of phosphorus and zinc fertilization on yield and yield attributes of green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] cv. SML-668. The treatments were laid out in Randomized Block Design (Factorial) with three replications. The results revealed that plant height, number of pods plant-1, 1000 seed weight, seed and stover yield were increased significantly up to 60 kg ha-1 phosphorus and 10 kg ha-1 zinc treatment levels. Further increase in zinc levels found to decrease the yield and yield attributing traits, indicating antagonistic effect of phosphorus and zinc on each other. The highest plant height, number of pods plant-1, 1000 seed weight, seed and stover yield (at 60 kg P ha-1 and 10 kg Zn ha-1 treatment level) were 48.70 cm, 27.15, 32.70 g, 957.25 and 2398.30 kg ha-1, respectively. Thus, interaction of phosphorus and zinc was significant for all the growth and yield attributing parameters.

Organic Cultivation of Summer Groundnut using Cow-based Bio-enhancers and Botanicals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.K. Mathukia ◽  
S.K. Chhodavadia ◽  
L.C. Vekaria ◽  
M.S. Vasava
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Cultivation

Background: Recognizing the adverse impact of excessive use of chemicals on soil health, human health and environment, Government is promoting production of organic crops, fruits and vegetables etc. through various schemes. Demand for organic food items is also on the rise during the last few years. Number of cow-based bio-enhancers and botanicals have been developed by innovative organic growers/ associations and NGOs. But very meagre scientific information is available regarding such formulations. Hence, to incorporate these products in organic farming module, the present experiment was conducted.Methods: A field experiment was conducted in summer season of 2017 to 2019 at Junagadh, Gujarat, India with cow-based bio-enhancers (Panchagavya, Bijamrut, Jivamrut, Amrutpani, Sanjivak and cow urine) and botanicals (Seaweed extract and Banana pseudo stem sap) in randomized block design with three replications. The cow-based formulations were prepared on farm as per the procedure given by National Centre for Organic Farming, Ghaziabad and botanicals viz., banana pseudo stem extract and seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) were obtained from Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari and Junagadh Agricultural University, Okha.Result: The results revealed that application of FYM @ 5 t/ha significantly enhanced growth and yield attributes viz., plant height, number of branches/plant, number and dry weight of nodules/plant, number of mature pods/plant, pod weight/plant and shelling percentage and ultimately produced significantly higher pod (1823 kg/ha) and haulm (3270 kg/ha) yields, followed by Panchagavya as foliar spray @ 3% at 30, 45 and 60 DAS (1582 and 2846 kg/ha) and seaweed extract as foliar spray @ 3.5% at 30, 45 and 60 DAS (1423 and 2570 kg/ha). Application of FYM, Panchagavya and seaweed extract also increased uptake of NPK by pod and haulm over the control, while different treatments failed to affect the post-harvest soil fertility except available P which is higher under FYM, Jivamrut, Amrutpani and Sanjivak over the control. Overall, application of FYM and Panchagavya accrued higher net return of `55285 and 46229/ha with B:C of 2.21 and 2.12, respectively.

scholarly journals Combinatorial efficacy of Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens to enhance suppression of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by Fusarium wilt of Arachis hypogaea.L

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rajeswari ◽  
R Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Pectin Methylesterase ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Pectinolytic Enzymes

Fusarium oxysporum, the soil borne pathogen causes vascular wilt, on majority of crop plants. It has been demonstrated that two different species of Trichoderma and Pseudomonas fluorescens suppress disease by different mechanisms. Therefore, application of a mixture of these biocontrol agents, and thus of several suppressive mechanisms, may represent a viable control strategy. A necessity for biocontrol by combinations of biocontrol agents can be the compatibility of the co-inoculated micro-organisms. Hence, compatibility between Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens that have the ability to suppress Fusarium oxysporum in vitro on the activity of pectinolytic enzymes of Fusarium oxysporum. The activity of pectinolytic enzymes, i.e. pectin methyl esterase, endo and exo polymethylgalacturonases and exo and endo pectin trans eliminases produced by Fusarium oxysporum (Control) was higher. Maximum inhibition of pectin methylesterase, exo and endo polymethylgalacturonase and exo and endopectin trans eliminase was shown by culture filtrate of Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (Tv+Pf) (1+2%), followed by Trichoderma harzianum + Pseudomonas fluorescens, (Th +Pf) (1.5+2%) and Trichoderma viride + Trichoderma harzianum (Tv+Th) (1+1.5%). However, pathogenecity suppression of Fusarium oxysporum, a causative of Arachis hypogaea. L by the compatible combination of Trichodema viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens (1+2%) was significantly better as compared to the single bio-agent. This indicates that specific interactions between biocontrol agents influence suppression of pathogenicity factors directly by combinations of these compatible bio-agents.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 36-42, December, 2017

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