scholarly journals Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in Squash

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaber Elkot ◽  
Aly Derbalah
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Use of Cultural Filtrates of Certain Microbial Isolates for Powdery Mildew Control in SquashPowdery mildew induces significant losses in yield and quality of squash. Therefore, culture filtrates of certain microbial isolates, (Epicoccum nigrum,Epicoccum minitans,Epicoccumsp.,Trichoderma harzianum,Trichoderma virideandBacillus pumilus) were used alone, and in combination with the fungicide penconazole to control powdery mildew in squash, under field conditions. Moreover, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the chemical components of the most effective culture filtrates against powdery mildew pathogen. The results showed that culture filtrates of different microbial isolates (except forTrichoderma harzianum) were more effective against powdery mildew in squash than the tested fungicide alone at the recommended levels, in both tested seasons. The results also showed that mixing different culture filtrates with penconazole improved efficiency against powdery mildew compared to using the fungicide alone, in both tested seasons. The efficacy of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates against powdery mildew were due to the presence of a mixture of known antifungal compounds. The results suggest the possible use of the culture filtrates of the tested microbial isolates as alternative to fungicides, in powdery mildew control. Also, this study suggests the possible mixing of the culture filtrate of the tested biocontrol agents with fungicides to minimize the applied amount of fungicides.

scholarly journals Effects of Powdery Mildew on Vine Growth, Yield, and Quality of Concord Grapes

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Gadoury ◽  
Robert C. Seem ◽  
Roger C. Pearson ◽  
Wayne F. Wilcox ◽  
Richard M. Dunst
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
The United States ◽  
Juice Quality ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Vine Growth ◽  
Concord Grapes ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen

Vitis labruscana ‘Concord’ is a widely planted grape cultivar grown in the United States for processing into juice and other products. Concord fruit are sporadically but sometimes severely damaged by the grape powdery mildew pathogen, Uncinula necator. The effects of powdery mildew on vine growth, yield, and quality of Concord grapes at three levels of cropping intensity commonly found in commercial grape production were determined in vineyard studies. Top-wire cordon-trained Concord vines were balance pruned, pruned to retain 80 nodes, or minimally pruned. Replicated plots of the foregoing were then either protected from powdery mildew by regular fungicide applications, or were inoculated and left unsprayed. Over a 4-year period, the effects of foliar infection on vine growth, yield, and juice quality of unsprayed vines were compared with vines that received a conventional protection program of four fungicide applications. Failure to control powdery mildew resulted in a chronic reduction in wood maturity measured as the number of nodes on canes that developed periderm. The reduction in nodes did not reduce yield, possibly due to compensation in shoots produced from the remaining nodes. Powdery mildew did not affect bud survival or vigor, measured as the number of shoots produced per node on retained canes. The most significant effects of powdery mildew were on berry sugar levels and juice color and acidity, which on the unsprayed vines were sometimes reduced below minimally acceptable thresholds for processed grapes. Significant reductions due to powdery mildew in these parameters occurred in all three pruning treatments, but were most pronounced at higher cropping levels.

Mycoparasitic species of Trichoderma produce lectins

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Neethling ◽  
Helena Nevalainen
Keyword(s):  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Haemagglutinating Activity

Culture filtrates and mycelial extracts of two mycoparasitic Trichoderma species were tested for the presence of lectins, by haemagglutination with human and marsupial erythrocytes. In Trichoderma viride, haemagglutinating activity was present in both mycelial extracts and culture filtrate. While secreted lectins were only detected after 6 days of growth, the presence of mycelium-associated lectins was first noted in 3-day-old cultures. Agglutinating activity was also demonstrated in the mycelium of 6-, 9- and 13-day-old cultures of Trichoderma harzianum. In this species, however, lectins were not secreted. In all instances, haemagglutination was inhibited by N-acetylgalactosamine and related sugars. This is the first report on the occurrence of lectins in Trichoderma spp.Key words: Trichoderma, lectins, mycoparasitism.

Effects of Powdery Mildew on Yield and Quality of Isogenic Lines of ‘Chancellor’ Wheat 1

Crop Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Johnson ◽  
P. S. Baenziger ◽  
W. T. Yamazaki ◽  
R. T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Effect of intergrated nutrient management on acidlime [Citrus aurantifolia. Swingle (L.)]

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Prabhu ◽  
S. Parthiban ◽  
A. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
B. Usha Rani ◽  
A. Vijayasamundeeswari
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Management System ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Acid Lime ◽  
Study Application

The nutritional need of acid lime is unique and differs from other fruit crops as it has continuous flowering and heavy fruiting habit. An experiment was conducted with the key objective of studying the effect of integrated nutrient management system on yield and quality of acid lime, variety PKM 1. In this study, application of 100 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers (600:200:300 g NPK plant-1 year-1 )+ Azospirillum (100g plant-1) + phosphobacteria (100g plant-1) + Arbuscular Mycorrizhal Fungi (500g plant-1) + Trichoderma harzianum (100g plant-1) has showed a superior performance regarding yield, yield attributing components and quality attributes of acidlime.

Improvement in growth, yield and quality of sugarcane induced by Trichoderma Harzianum

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Sushma Sagar ◽  
R.S. Sengar ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Ramji Singh ◽  
Puran Chand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Effect of Certain Fungicides and Trichoderma Spp. on the Growth Parameter, Yield Attributes and Yield Affected by Powdery Mildew of Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kumar Meena ◽  
Nithin B Patil ◽  
Santosh Bhanage
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Yield Attributes

Powdery mildew is an important foliar disease of green gram caused by Erysiphe polygoni DC. in India. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides (Propiconazole, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Mancozeb) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum,) against powdery mildew of green gram in the Central Experimental Field, Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during the kharif season 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and each replicated thrice. In a field assay, maximum plant height (71.11) cm was observed in Trichoderma viride as foliar spray followed by Trichoderma harzianum, Carbendazim, Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole and Mancozeb. The experiment revealed that, among the treatments Carbendazim, as foliar spray was most effective with maximum length of pods (7.27) cm and weight of pods (5.6) g followed by Wettable sulphur, Propiconazole, Mancozeb, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride. Maximum yield was recorded with Carbendazim (10.15) q/ha, as foliar spray followed by Wettable sulphur (9.76) q/ha, Propiconazole (9.22) q/ha, Mancozeb (8.60) q/ha, Trichoderma harzianum (7.88) q/ha and Trichoderma viride (7.22) q/ha.

scholarly journals Improving yield and quality characteristics of kaffir lime oil (citrus hystrix DC) by solid fermentation pretreatment using tempeh yeast

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Vivi Nurhadianty ◽  
Aji Hendra Sarosa ◽  
Ida Wahyuningsih ◽  
Chandrawati Cahyani
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Distillation Process ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Yield And Quality

The industrial development of flavor and fragrance currently leads to natural ingredients. Kaffir lime is a potential ingredient developed from Indonesia, but distillation of essential oil in Indonesia generally results in low yields and quality. Fermentation as the initial treatment of distillation would improve the yield and quality of essential oil. The fermentation process is usually performed as pretreatment using cellulolytic bacteria such as Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, or Trichoderma reesei, but the use of those bacteria is considered less practical for essential oil distillation process. Therefore, this research utilized tempeh yeast to increase yield and quality of essential oil. Since tempeh yeast consists of Rhizopus producing hyphae, it is expected that hyphae are able to penetrate the tissue, making it easier for oil to get out of the leaves. The aerobic fermentation process was carried out by continuous addition of air inside the fermenter with air compressor. Fermentation was observed within four days. The distillation was performed by using steam distillation method. The result of this study showed that leaf lime essential oil with fermentation process of day 3 produced the highest yield of 0.67%, which increased 20% compared to non-fermented leaves. The composition of leaf lime essential oil was 87.92% Citronellal, 1% β- caryophyllene, 0.3% Citronellal acetate, 0.9% Citronellol, and 1.77% linalool, which comply to local industry standard.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PELEPAH DAN DAUN KELAPA SAWIT MELALUI FERMENTASI Trichoderma sp. SEBAGAI PAKAN SAPI POTONG

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Rizali ◽  
Fachrianto Fachrianto ◽  
M. Hafiz Ansari ◽  
Anis Wahdi
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Total Digestible Nutrient

The dependence on imports of feed ingredients for ration composer are increasingly expensive and availability of limited and unsustainable local feed, causing the low level of production and reproduction of local Indonesian cattle. This study aims to exploit the potential of plantation waste as an alternative feed of beef cattle, increase the nutrient value and digestibility of waste of palms and leaves and to know the optimal use of inoculums (Trichoderma sp.) through fermentation in improving the digestibility and nutritional value of the feed. The research method used was a complete randomized design (RAL) with five treatments and three replications, with 14 days fermentation. The research treatment includes: PD 0 (without Trichoderma/control), PD 1 (fermentation using Trichoderma viride 3 ml), PD 2 (fermentation using Trichoderma viride 6 ml), PD 3 (fermentation using Trichoderma harzianum 3 ml), PD 4 (fermentation using Trichoderma harzianum 6 ml).O Observation parameters observed included dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash content (AC), coarse fat (CF), organic matter (OM), and total digestible nutrient (TDN). The data obtained were analyzed using variance analysis. The results showed that the best treatment was found in PD 1, had a significant effect on control in increasing total digestible nutrient (TDN) 51.62% and crude fiber decline by 39.14%, although an increase in CP (5.34%) was not equal to the treatment of the PD 4 (5.35%). While the best increase of CP content was found in the treatment of PD 4 of 3.35%. While the best CP content found in the treatment of PD 4 of 5.35%. It was concluded that the use of Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum can improve the quality of waste nutrient and palm oil leaves by fermentation and the optimal inoculums dose used to produce the best fermentation is the use of Trichoderma sp. 3 ml in 3kg of material.

scholarly journals Integrated management of late blight of potato

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1821-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehi Lal ◽  
Saurabh Yadav ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
B. P. Singh ◽  
S. K. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Farmer Practices ◽  
Late Blight Of Potato

Late blight of potato is the major biotic constraint responsible for reduction in yield and quality of the pota-to crop. Globally, late blight is managed through application of multiple fungicidal chemical sprays affecting both human health and environment. Now a days, methods of biological control are gaining importance as these are non-toxic and also environment friendly. However, Phytophthora infestans multiplies very fast; therefore, biological con-trol method alone is not a viable option to manage late blight. Hence, integration of both methods is essential. Eleven treatments consisting of biocontrol agents and fungicides were evaluated against the late bight in three consecu-tive seasons (2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14) at ICAR-CPRIC, Modipuram. Meerut. The results revealed that the treat-ments ( T1 to T10) are effective for managing the disease up to certain level; however, lowest average disease se-verity (27.89%) was recorded in treatment when Bacillus subtilis (B5-0.25%) + Trichoderma viride (TV-0.7%) was applied before disease appearance followed by cymoxanil8+mancozeb 64%WP (0.3%) at onset of late blight and one more spray of B5+ TV after seven days. The next best treatment was application of B5+ TV before appearance of disease followed by metalaxyl 8+mancozeb 64%WP (0.25%) at onset of late blight and one more spray of B5+ TV against control (average disease severity 91.94%) with higher yield also except the treatment of three spray of mancozeb 75% WP (0.2%). These treatments could be integrated in farmer practices.

scholarly journals Co-Application of Allicin and Chitosan Increases Resistance of Rosa roxburghii against Powdery Mildew and Enhances Its Yield and Quality

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1449
Author(s):  
Jiaohong Li ◽  
Rongyu Li ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Zhenxiang Guo ◽  
Xiaomao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Rosa Roxburghii ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics ◽  
Production Areas

Powdery mildew, caused by Sphaerotheca sp., annually causes severe losses in yield and quality in Rosa roxburghii production areas of southwest China. In this study, the role of the co-application of allicin and chitosan in the resistance of R. roxburghii against powdery mildew and its effects on growth, yield and quality of R. roxburghii were investigated. The laboratory toxicity test results show that allicin exhibited a superior antifungal activity against Sphaerotheca sp. with EC50 value of 148.65 mg kg−1. In the field, the foliar application of allicin could effectively enhance chitosan against powdery mildew with control efficacy of 85.97% by spraying 5% allicin microemulsion (ME) 100–time liquid + chitosan 100–time liquid, which was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than 76.70% of allicin, 70.93% of chitosan and 60.23% of polyoxin. The co-application of allicin and chitosan effectively enhanced the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll of R. roxburghii compared with allicin, chitosan or polyoxin alone. Moreover, allicin used together with chitosan was more effective than allicin or chitosan alone in enhancing R. roxburghii plant growth and fruit yield as well as improving R. roxburghii fruit quality. This work highlights that the co-application of allicin and chitosan can be used as a green, cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative strategy to conventional antibiotics for controlling powdery mildew of R. roxburghii.

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