Evaluation of White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) Germplasm for Different Agro-Morphological Traits Diversity in Mid-Himalayan Region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejveer Singh ◽  
Dibyendu Deb ◽  
Sudesh Radotra
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Common Component

White clover (Trifolim repens L.) is one of the most nutritious and widely grown forage legumes in the world. It is also a common component of cool season perennial grass pastures in Indian Mid-Himalayas. Being an important component of temperate grassland, diminutive efforts have been made in genetic improvement of white clover through comprehensive evaluation of germplasm collection. In present study, total 258 germplasm accessions of white clover were characterized under field conditions for the genotypic variation in twenty five agro-morphological traits. Characterized germplasm showed sufficient variation among the populations for qualitative traits, biomass yield and seed yield as revealed by range and coefficient of variation. Association analysis showed that dry matter yield was positively correlated with seed yield components traits. Principal component analysis revealed that first seven principal components accounted more than 60% of total variation. Out of 258, ten high biomass producing populations were selected and further evaluated for biomass yield, crude protein and seed yield potential. Average biomass yield of three populations viz., RRCPL-13 (15.74 q/ha/year), RRCPL-19 (17.25 q/ha/year), RRCPL-27 (18.79 q/ha/year) were better than the check variety Palampur Composite-1 (14.99 q/ha/year). Results of this study will help in designing future strategy in white clover improvement program for the development of new varieties. Also, the seeds extracted from Legon 18 had higher viability than BAG 14/001 at all maturity stages.

Genotypic variation for seed yield components in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Z. Jahufer ◽  
F. I. Gawler
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Genotypic Correlation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Seed Yield Components

Seed yield is an important criterion that determines the commercial acceptability of new cultivars. Often, the seed yielding capacity of a forage cultivar is tested only in the final stages of its development. A more efficient strategy would be to screen and select plants for seed yield at an early stage of breeding. An important objective of the National White Clover Breeding Program based at the Agriculture Victoria Pastoral and Veterinary Institute, Hamilton, is to assess the genetic diversity for important morphological attributes among germplasm accessions. A set of 53 accessions, which included germplasm collected from Morocco and Tunisia and a range of commercial cultivars, was characterised for seed yield components. The seed yield components were number of ripe inflorescences, number of florets per ripe inflorescence, number of seeds per pod, floret size, and inflorescence height. Potential seed yield was estimated. The magnitude of genotypic variation, together with the accession mean repeatability estimates, indicated the presence of genetic variation among the 53 accessions for all attributes. Both phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients indicated a strong positive association between total number of ripe inflorescences and seed yield. There was also a positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation between seed yield and number of florets per inflorescence. Cluster analysis of the 53 accessions based on seed yield components resulted in the generation of 6 groups. Principal component analysis helped to identify 5 accessions that could be potentially useful in improving the seed yield of white clover germplasm selected for superior agronomic and herbage yield attributes.

scholarly journals Study on dispersion of genetic variation among Indian garlic ecotypes using agro morphological traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Prashant Benke ◽  
Anil Khar ◽  
Vijay Mahajan ◽  
Amarjeet Gupta ◽  
Major Singh
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Clustering Pattern

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) a clonally propagated bulbous crop, is of high medicinal value owing to its sulphur-containing compounds. Although asexually propagated, garlic depicts wide genetic diversity in agro-morphological traits and biochemical composition. A study was conducted to dissect the extent of genetic divergence among 625 Indian garlic genotypes considering 21 agro-morphological traits. Pooled analysis exhibited significant variation among accessions for various morphological traits. Ward’s clustering method clustered germplasm collection into three distinct groups. Clustering pattern did not correspond with geographical origin of accessions. Strong and positive correlation of marketable yield with plant weight with leaves (r = 0.83), plant weight without leaves (r = 0.84), average bulb weight (r = 0.50), plant height (r = 0.58), pseudostem length (r = 0.59), number of leaves (r = 0.54) and weight of fifty cloves (r = 0.49) was recorded. These traits will be useful for direct selection in crops like garlic. Principal Component analysis minimised 21 components up to 12 vectors which measured nearly 90% variation. Conservation of such vital and diverse garlic genotype is prerequisite to assure successful selection breeding programme.

scholarly journals Effects of Mutagens on Morphological traits of Psoralea corylifolia-A Medicinally Important Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajey Karan Chaudhari ◽  
Anand Prakash Singh ◽  
B R Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Mutation Breeding ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
Yield Quality

Mutation breeding like in other plants can significantly strengthen medicinal plants breeding programs and help to produce novel varieties with higher yield potential and improved yield quality. The dry and healthy seeds of P. corylifolia IC 111228 were subjected to mutagenic treatments namely ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA). The treatment concentrations 15mM, 30mM, 45mM and 60mM of EMS and 1mM, 2mM, 3mM and 4mM of SA were chosen to evaluate the mutagenic potential in either case. The morphological traits were evaluated in M1 generation viz. plant height, days to flowering initiation, seed yield/plant and 100-seed weight. In EMS treatment 15 mM increased the plant height and seed yield, while in SA treatment 4 mM increased the seed yield/plant and 100-seed yield.

Genotypic variation for stolon and other morphological attributes of white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Populations and their influence on herbage yield in the summer rainfall region of New South Wales

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
MZZ Jahufer ◽  
M Cooper ◽  
LA Brien
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Plant Attributes

A random sample of 60 germplasm accessions from the Australian white clover germplasm collection was characterized in the field at Glen Innes, N.S.W. Genotypic variation for stolon and other morphological attributes was measured in one season. Herbage yield was evaluated over seven seasons to quantify the magnitude of accession-by-season interaction. There were significant (P < 0.01) differences among accessions, seasons, and accession-by-season interactions for herbage yield. Classification was used to group the accessions on their seasonal herbage yield. A summer active group, a winter active group and a group showing autumn activity for herbage yield were identified. There was significant (P < 0.01) variation among accessions for all plant attributes measured and their accession mean repeatability was moderate to high. There were strong genotypic correlations among the morphological attributes. Five of the morphological attributes (stolon density, stolon branching, plant spread, plant height, stolon thickness and leaf length) expressed a strong genotypic correlation with average herbage yield over seven seasons. The genotypic variation estimated for herbage production and plant attributes signifies the potential of the collection to be used as a source of variation for the genetic improvement of productivity and perenniality of white clover for Australian environments.

Genotypic Variation for Morphological Traits in a White Clover Mapping Population Evaluated Across Two Environments and Three Years

Crop Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Z. Jahufer ◽  
A. Dunn ◽  
I. Baird ◽  
J. L. Ford ◽  
A. G. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Genotypic Variation

Heritabilities and phenotypic correlations of morphological traits of beans

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359
Author(s):  
Manuel Mateo Solano ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Freddy Saladín-García
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Number Of Branches

Indeterminate bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines derived from crosses between small-seeded indeterminate and large-seeded determinate genotypes were used for estimating the heritabilities and phenotypic correlations for seed yield and morphological traits. The F2 generation of six bean populations was planted at the Fortuna Substation, Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico in October 1984. Seed yield per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, node number per plant, biological yield, and apparent harvest index were measured for 50 indeterminate plants selected at random from each population. Fifty plant rows of each population were planted in February 1985 at the Fortuna Substation, and in March 1985 on a small farm in the Constanza valley of the Dominican Republic. Narrow sense heritabilities were estimated with parent-offspring regressions of the F2 and F3 generations, and phenotypic correlations were estimated with means of the F3 lines. The indeterminate F3 lines had greater plant height and fewer nodes than their indeterminate parents. Biological yields, harvest indexes and number of branches of the F3 plants were generally equal to or less than those of their indeterminate parents. Greater branch and node number and greater plant height, biological yield, and harvest index were associated with greater seed yield. Narrow sense heritabilities (NSH) of morphological traits were generally low to intermediate. Since NSH of the morphological traits were no greater than NSH of seed yield, replicated advanced generation yield trials still appear to be the most effective approach for identifying large-seeded indeterminate bean lines with greater seed yield potential.

scholarly journals Morpho-physiological characterization of soybean genotypes under subtropical environment

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Gaffar Al-Hadi ◽  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Abdul Karim ◽  
Tofazzal Islam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Cluster 2

Soybean is a promising oilseed crop in rice-based cropping systems in South and Southeast Asia. In spite of immense scope of its expansion, the crop is not being popular to the farmers because of poor yield of the existing cultivars. Therefore, this study evaluated eighty-soybean genotypes of diverse growth habits with a view to searching genotype(s) of desirable morpho-physiological characters and high yield potential. Sixteen quantitative plant traits were evaluated to classify the genotypes into different groups using various multivariate methods. A wide range of variation was found in almost all qualitative plant traits. The study reveals that plants tend to become taller as the phenological cycle is longer. Seed yield was the product of the number of pods per plant, pod weight and seeds per pod. The first three components of principal component analysis explained 75% of the total variations of the soybean genotypes. Using Dendrogram from cluster analysis, the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The maximum number of genotypes was concentrated in cluster 5 followed by clusters 4. The phenology, plant height, the number of pods and seed yield were the important discriminating variables in grouping the genotypes. The number of pods per plant displayed the principal role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The clustering pattern of the genotypes revealed that the genotypes under cluster 2 and cluster 6 were long statures, late maturing and produced higher seed yield. The genotype G00003 under cluster 2 is the best entry giving the highest seed yield. From cluster 6, the genotype G00209 could be the better choice for much better seed yield. The cluster 3 genotypes were comparatively early maturing and gave reasonable yield. It is concluded that the genotypes under clusters 2 and 6 and 3 can be important resources for developing a high yielding variety and sustainability of growing soybean in the subtropical conditions.

scholarly journals Breeding Progress for Grain Yield and Yield Related Characters of Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Ethiopia Using Regression Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Megersa Tadesse ◽  
Assefa Funga ◽  
Asnake Fikre ◽  
Tulu Degefu ◽  
Million Eshete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The genetic progress in seed yield and yield related characters of 10 kabuli chickpea varieties released by the Ethiopian Chickpea Crop Improvement Program from 1974 to 2017 was assessed during the main cropping season. The varieties were evaluated in the Randomized Complete Block design at Debrezeit Agricultural Research Center experimental research farm. The overall increase in seed yield over the local check, DZ-10-4, was estimated to be 739 kg/ha (38.9%). On station grain yield increased from 1900 to 3250 kg/ha during the last 43 years and the overall increase in seed yield of the Arerti variety over the oldest variety DZ-10-4 was estimated to be 1350 kg/ha or 71.1%. Based on the regression analysis, the estimated average annual rate of increase in grain yield potential was 10.87kg/ha/year with an annual relative genetic change of 0.57%/year. Genotypic change was an important source for increased grain yield potential during the studied period. Positive genetic gains were observed for the yield traits (grain yield and yield components). The average cumulative gains over 43 years of breeding was, therefore, 445.67 kg (23.37%) for seed yield, and 30.26 g for hundred seeds weight (297.7%). Hundred seed weight revealed the most dramatic response to breeding for the last 43 years. It is, therefore, strategically advisable that breeding efforts in the future should give due attention to yield related traits of kabuli chickpea varieties.

EFFECT OF LEAF AREA ON WHITE CLOVER SEED PRODUCTION

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
P.T.P. Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Clover Seed

Leaf size is a major determinant of white clover seed yield. A three-fold increase in leaf size halves seed yield. From a survey of commercial crops, an optimum leaf size concept was used to explain the reduction in yield potential for extremes in leaf size. Overgrazing gave small leaves and lowered seed yields. Closing too early gave large leaves and lowered yields. With good management, optimum leaf size was the smallest size possible, consistent with ensuring an adequate bulk for efficient harvesting. A healthy highly-reproductive stolen population has to be developed before closing. Secondly, moisture regulation over the crop season, preventing excess watering to minimise plant exploitation of surplus fertility, reduces the potential for large leaves to develop. Mid-November closing coupled with maintaining soil moisture at about 25% plant available, over flowering, are sound management practices. Amongst cultivars, differences in seed yield potential may also be related to leaf size. In general the larger the mean cultivar leaf size the lower the seed yield. Keywords: Trifolium repens, white clover, seed production, leaf size, soil fertiity, moisture, management options.

Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Germplasm Evaluation under Normal and Water Stressed Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Mohanlal ◽  
K. Saravanan ◽  
T. Sabesan
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Background: Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is a popularly known pulse crop in India for its nutritional quality and adaptability to many cropping systems. The crop is mostly cultivated in areas experiencing water stress which reduces the yield potential. Thus, it is imperative to assess the genetic variability present in the existing blackgram germplasm under drought condition. For this, principal component analysis was carried to visualize the complex dataset. This study was aimed to identify key traits and drought tolerant genotypes. Methods: Twenty-one blackgram genotypes were screened in the field condition for water stress where the experiment was laid out in RBD with two replications. Principal component analysis was carried out with thirteen traits in twenty-one genotypes of blackgram under normal and water stressed conditions.Result: In T0 and T1, more than 75% of total variability among thirteen traits was explained by five and four principal component axes respectively. Under water stress, pod length was highly correlated with seed yield per plant. Based on the interaction vectors and PC scores of genotypes, VBG-12062 had a positive interaction with seed yield. Thus, VBG-12062 can be a reliable candidate for breeding high yielding drought tolerant variety.

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