NONINVASIVE METHODS FOR STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF NONFERROUS METALLURGY EMISSIONS ON HUMAN HEALTH

There are presented methodological approaches to assess the risk of negative factors associated with characteristic areas of metallurgical enterprises in pollution of the environment with heavy metals to human health. The use of noninvasive biotesting, based on established correlations of indices of trace elements and oxidative status in the body is suggested. As a non-invasive biological material, alveolar moisture condensate from the person (expirate) is used. The basis for the health risk assessment is information on the balance of two components of the oxidative process responsible for the adaptive function of the body - free radical oxidation and antioxidant defense system. An imbalance of these processes contributes to the development of oxidative stress, the complication of the course of many diseases. The deviation in quantitative indices of a number of elements, primarily of metals of variable valency, which participate in reactions of lipid peroxidation, showing pro - or antioxidant properties can also serve as the indicator of the effects of complex heavy metals. The identified relationship of trace elements and oxidative status allows providing the approach to the assessment of processes of peroxidation in the assessment of microelement exchange indirectly. To study the intensity of peroxidation and capacity of the antioxidant defense system in expirate a number of methodological solutions was proposed - methods of chemiluminescence and spectrophotometry, as well as biotest, allowing detect deviations in the oxidative status and based on the level of bioluminescence of lyophilized bacteria by oxidative potential of investigated expirate of alveolar moisture. The complex of methods for assessment of the degree of the health risk associated with pollution by heavy metals can be used for screening observations in selected contingents with the purpose of formation of risk groups such as individually for the choice the optimal ways of correction of disorders and the assessment of the efficiency of preventive or corrective measures. Examples of methodological approaches in one of the regions of accommodation of the enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy, and in the estimation of risk development of pathological conditions and the efficiency of the treatment for a particular worker of the metallurgical plant, as the patient in the clinic of occupational diseases.

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Manganese and Zinc Overdose - Risk of Oxidative Stress Appearance

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.08.9.1952 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mirela Ahmadi ◽

Mihaela Pup ◽

Lucia Olariu ◽

Horia Vermesan ◽

Radu Prejbeanu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Trace Metals ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

The Body ◽

Hepatic Iron ◽

Defense System ◽

Amplification Effect ◽

Enzymes Activity ◽

Manganese Level

The study presents the effect of Zn and Mn overdoses in relation with other trace metals in rat�s liver. All studied metals are involved in some enzymes activity, which are implicated in antioxidant defense system of the body. But, in some conditions � our case in overdoses � an imbalance can appear, and antioxidant character of a metal can become prooxidant. In this case, antagonistic or synergic behaviour in relation with other trace metals is obvious. The observed modifications are the increasing of zinc and manganese level in liver after solutions administration, and the amplification effect over the hepatic iron, with the possibility of oxidative stress appearance.

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Weanling Offspring of Dams Maintained on Serine-Deficient Diet Are Vulnerable to Oxidative Stress

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2018/8026496 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liuqin He ◽

Haiwen Zhang ◽

Xihong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Control Diet ◽

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Diet Group ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Defense System ◽

Deficient Diet ◽

Oxidative Challenge

Serine plays an important role in the antioxidant defense system. However, the effects of maternal serine deficiency on the antioxidant ability of weanling offspring have not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the oxidative status of offspring of dams that are maintained on serine-deficient diet and subjected to diquat challenge. Individual pregnant animals were randomly divided into two dietary groups, namely, the control diet group and the serine- and glycine-deficient diet group. Samples were collected from weanling offspring at the age of 3 weeks after diquat challenge. Our results showed that maternal serine deficiency did not affect the levels of antioxidant enzymes and reactive oxygen species, as well as the expression of cellular and mitochondrial stress markers (Hspd1 and Hspa1a), which indicated that maternal serine deficiency did not affect basal oxidative status in weanling offspring. However, the weanling offspring were found to be vulnerable to oxidative challenges. Furthermore, our results suggested that the dysfunctional antioxidant system in response to oxidative stress in offspring of dams fed with serine-deficient diet was primarily caused by reduced availability of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. Furthermore, impairment of the antioxidant defense system caused by maternal serine deficiency was mediated by the Akt/AMPK/Sirt1 pathway. Our results indicated that maternal serine availability is important for maintaining antioxidant defense against oxidative challenge in weanling offspring.

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State of antioxidant protection system in carp hepatopancrease affected by associative Aeromonas Hydrophila infection with Saprolegnia Sp.

VETERINARY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND NATURE MANAGEMENT ◽

10.31890/vttp.2020.06.15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 85-89

Author(s):

Kh. Ya. Solopova ◽

◽

O. I. Vishchur ◽

M. Z. Korylyak ◽

I. Ye. Solovodzinska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Research Station ◽

Defense System ◽

Peroxidation Processes ◽

Experimental Group

Bacterial diseases are responsible for heavy mortality in both wild and cultured fish. Co-infections are very common in nature and occur when hosts are infected by two or more different pathogens either by simultaneous or secondary infections so that two or more infectious agents are active together in the same host. Associative infections pose a significant threat to fish farming, so it is necessary to develop effective means of prevention and treatment of these infections; it is advisable to study in detail their impact on various fish. The aim of the study was to determine the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and the activity of the antioxidant defense system in the body of carp suffering from aeromonosis and the associated infection of aeromonosis with saprolegniosis. The research was conducted at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS. There were three groups of fish, 5 in each. The control group consisted of clinically healthy fish, the first experimental group (D1) – carps affected by Aeromonas hydrophila infection, the second experimental group (D2), which consisted of carps affected by associative Aeromonas hydrophila infection with Saprolegnia Sp. The results of studies have shown that carp with associative infection ‒ of Aeromonas hydrophila infection with Saprolegnia Sp. leads to the activation of lipid peroxidation processes, especially the primary product of LPO. Thus, in the hepatopancreas of fish there was an increase of 1.4 (p <0.05) in the reasonable content of diene conjugates and there was a tendency to increase the content of TBA-active products. At the same time, the inhibitory effect of pathogenic factors of this disease on the activity of the enzymatic link of the antioxidant defense system was stated. In particular, carp patients with associative infection ‒ of Aeromonas hydrophila infection with Saprolegnia Sp. had higher catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, respectively, 1.3 (p <0.05) and 2.3 (p <0.01) times. The results of experimental studies made it possible to expand and deepen the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of the co-infection of Aeromonas hydrophila infection with Saprolegnia Sp. and to use the data to develop effective treatments.

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MORPHOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF BLOOD, RESISTANCE OF THE ORGANISM AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF PIGLET AT APPLICATION OF 20-HYDROXYEXDISONE

Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology ◽

10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202003013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 371-377

Author(s):

A.G. Solovieva ◽

◽

K.T. Erimbetov ◽

O.V. Obvintseva ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Plasma ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

The Body ◽

Natural Resistance ◽

Defense System ◽

Growing Period ◽

Meat Productivity ◽

Experimental Group ◽

In Blood Plasma

The effectiveness of using 20-hydroxyecdysone in the diet of piglets during the growing period and its effect on the formation of natural resistance, the antioxidant defense system of the body and their meat productivity were studied. The introduction of 20-hydroxyecdysone into the diet at the rate of 30 mg per kg of feed positively influenced on the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, which in the experimental group were higher by 12,9 and 14,0%, respectively, compared with the control. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in blood plasma in piglets of the experimental group was statistically significantly higher compared to the control. On the contrary, the content of malondialdehyde in blood plasma was statistically significantly lower in piglets of the experimental group compared with the control (17,1%, P≤0,01). In piglets of the experimental group, in comparison with the control, the output of muscle tissue (by 5,3%, P≤0,01), the area of the “muscle eye” (34,5%, P≤0,05) was statistically significantly higher, with less adipose tissue outlet.

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Effect of Germinated Pigmented Rice “Superjami” on the Glucose Level, Antioxidant Defense System, and Bone Metabolism in Menopausal Rat Model

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092184 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2184

Author(s):

Soo Im Chung ◽

Tae-ho Ham ◽

Mi Young Kang

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Bone Metabolism ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Rat Model ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

The Body ◽

Defense System ◽

Pigmented Rice

Women experience physical, mental, and social changes during menopause. It is important to maintain a healthy diet for effective menopause management. The effect of germinated Superjami, a deep violet colored rice cultivar, on the body weight, glucose level, antioxidant defense system, and bone metabolism in a menopausal rat model was investigated. The animals were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a normal diet (ND), a control diet supplemented with 20% (w/w) non-germinated Superjami flour (NGSF), or germinated Superjami flour (GSF) for eight weeks. The NGSF and GSF groups exhibited significantly lower body weight and fat, glucose and insulin contents, adipokine concentrations, and bone resorption biomarker levels, and higher antioxidant enzyme activities and 17-β-estradiol content than the ND group (p < 0.05). The GSF group showed greater glucose homeostasis, antioxidative, and bone metabolism-improving effects compared with the NGSF group. These findings demonstrate that germination could further improve the health-promoting properties of Superjami and that this germinated pigmented rice cultivar could be useful in the treatment and management of menopause-induced hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and bone turnover imbalance.

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Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Oxidative Stress with Biochemical Parameters as Bioindicators of Water Pollution and Fish in Lake Burullus, Egypt

Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography ◽

10.33140/jmsro.03.01.07 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Defense System ◽

Aquatic Life ◽

Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Lake Burullus

Lake Burullus represents an economically important brackishwater coastal lagoon in Egypt, due to its rich fishery resources. In addition to the remains of agricultural wastes, the lake is exposed to many kinds of chemical and biological pollutants that are disposed into it. So, the study was carried out on three sectors in the lake. Western sector of the lake where agricultural drainage was discharged, eastern sector where agricultural and industrial effluents was entered, and middle sector where the least pollution was occurred among them. The present study was controlled to assess the harmful effects of heavy metals on the biochemical and antioxidant defense system in Nile tilapia collected from three sectors. The studied heavy metals in gills, liver, and muscles of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from the eastern and western sectors of the lake was much higher than that of fish collected from middle sector. Biochemical profile and antioxidant defense system of Nile tilapia were significantly (P<0.05) higher in fish collected from western and eastern sectors during summer and winter seasons compared to the middle sector. The results obtained from the present study also revealed that the meat quality of the collected fish from middle sector was more superior to those of fish collected from the eastern and western sectors of the lake. The study also indicates that the alterations in the biochemistry profile and antioxidant defense system of Nile tilapia can be used as biomarkers of metal pollution for monitoring aquatic life.

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Assessment of efficacy in treatment of inflammatory and degenerative damages of the parodont smooth tissue with tooth pastes according to oxidative status indexes in rats

Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy ◽

10.17816/rcf13324-28 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 24-28

Author(s):

Eugeny Vladimirovich Mokrenko ◽

Petr Dmitriyevich Shabanov

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Water Solution ◽

Malonic Dialdehyde ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Superoxide Dismutase Activity ◽

Defense System

A rat model of inflammatory and degenerative damages of the smooth parodont tissue by means of administration of 2 % formaldehyde water solution into the smooth parodont tissues was described. The oxidative status of rats including lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system indexes was assessed because of their high sensitivity to inflammation process. The lipid peroxidation indexes (malonic dialdehyde and dienic conjugates level) were 2-3-fold higher in the blood serum and parodont tissue in 7 days after inflammation beginning. The system of antioxidant defense (recovered glutatione level and activity of superoxide dismutase) was more sensitive in comparison with lipid peroxidation. The recovered glutation content in the blood serum was decreased from 2.02 ± 0.09 till 0.88 ± 0.21 µM/ml, and superoxide dismutase activity was reduced from 0.78 ± 0.10 till 0.28 ± 0.04 А/mg protein, that was these indexes were decreased in 2.5-3 times. The same regularity was observed in the smooth tissues of the parodont. The recovered glutation level was decreased in 2.1 times and superoxide dismutase activity was reduced in 7 times. Therefore, the curative and prevention action of tooth pastes and stomatologic drugs could be assessed with this model of inflammation. In particular, the tooth pastes lesmin-dent > clamin-dent > zhemchug (in order of descending activity) attenuate or abolish signs of inflammatory and degenerative damages of the smooth parodont tissue in rats assessed on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system indexes.

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